Plasmapheresis: ke eng, e etsoa joang le mathata a ka bang teng

Litaba

• E etselitsoe eng
• E etsoa joang
• Mathata a ka bang teng a plasmapheresis

Plasmapheresis ke mofuta oa kalafo o sebelisoang haholo ha ho na le mafu ao ho ona ho nang le keketseho ea bongata ba lintho tse ka bang kotsi bophelong, joalo ka liprotheine, li-enzyme kapa lithibela-mafu.

Kahoo, plasmapheresis e ka khothaletsoa kalafong ea Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura, Guillain-Barré Syndrome le Myasthenia Gravis, e leng lefu le ikemetseng le khetholloang ke tahlehelo e tsoelang pele ea mesifa ka lebaka la tlhahiso ea li-autoantibodies.

Mokhoa ona o ikemiselitse ho tlosa lintho tse teng ka har'a plasma ka ts'ebetso ea ho sefa. Plasma e lekana le 10% ea mali mme e na le liprotheine, tsoekere, liminerale, lihormone le lintho tse koalang, mohlala. Ithute ho eketsehileng ka likarolo tsa mali le mesebetsi ea tsona.

E etselitsoe eng

Plasmapheresis ke mokhoa o ikemiselitseng ho sefa mali, ho tlosa lintho tse teng ka har'a plasma le ho khutlisetsa lero 'meleng ntle le lintho tse bakang kapa tse tsoelang pele lefu lena.

Kahoo, ts'ebetso ena e bonts'oa kalafo ea mafu a hlahang ka keketseho ea likarolo tse ling tsa lero la mali, joalo ka lithibela-mafu, albin kapa lintho tse hoamisang, joalo ka:

• Lupus;
• Myasthenia gravis;
• Multiple myeloma;
• Macroglobulinemia ea Waldenstrom;
• Lefu la Guillain-Barré;
• Multiple sclerosis;
• Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (PTT);

Le ha plasmapheresis e le kalafo e sebetsang haholo kalafong ea mafu ana, ho bohlokoa hore motho a tsoele pele ho etsa kalafo ea lithethefatsi e bontšitsoeng ke ngaka, kaha ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ena ha e thibele tlhahiso ea lintho tse amanang le lefu lena.

Ka mantsoe a mang, maemong a mafu a itšireletsang mafung, mohlala, plasmapheresis e khothalletsa ho tlosoa ha li-autoantibodies tse ngata, leha ho le joalo tlhahiso ea li-antibodies tsena ha e holofale, mme motho o tlameha ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse itšireletsang mafung ho latela tataiso ea ngaka.

E etsoa joang

Plasmapheresis e etsoa ka catheter e behiloeng ka har'a jugular kapa femature pampitšana 'me karolo ka' ngoe e nka karolelano ea lihora tse 2, e ka etsoang letsatsi le letsatsi kapa ka matsatsi a mang, ho latela tataiso ea ngaka. Ho ipapisitse le lefu le alafshoang, ngaka e kanna ea khothaletsa linako tse ling kapa tse fokolang, ka linako tse 7 hangata ho bontšoa.

Plasmapheresis ke kalafo e ts'oanang le hemodialysis, eo ho eona mali a motho a tlosoang mme plasma e arotsoe. Lero la mali lena le etsoa ka mokhoa oa ho sefa, oo ho oona lintho tse teng li tlosoang ebe lero la mali le se nang lintho li khutlisetsoa 'meleng.

Ts'ebetso ena, leha ho le joalo, e sefa lintho tsohle tse teng ka har'a lero la mali, tse molemo le tse kotsi, ka hona, bongata ba lintho tse molemo bo boetse bo nkeloa sebaka ke ts'ebeliso ea mokotla o mocha oa plasma o fanoeng ke banka ea sepetlele, ho qoba mathata a motho.

Mathata a ka bang teng a plasmapheresis

Plasmapheresis ke mokhoa o bolokehileng, empa joalo ka ts'ebetso e ngoe e hlaselang, e na le likotsi, tse kholo ke:

• Ho theha hematoma sebakeng sa phihlello ea venous;
• Kotsi ea tšoaetso sebakeng sa phihlello ea venous;
• Kotsi e kholo ea ho tsoa mali, ka lebaka la ho tlosoa ha lintho tse thibang mali tse teng ka har'a plasma;
• Kotsi ea liphetoho tsa tšelo ea mali, joalo ka ha mmele o hana ho amohela liprotheine tse teng ka har'a lero la mali.

Kahoo, ho netefatsa hore ho na le menyetla e fokolang ea mathata, ho bohlokoa hore ts'ebetso ena e etsoe ke setsebi se koetlisitsoeng se hlomphang maemo a bohloeki a amanang le polokeho ea mokuli. Ntle le moo, ho bohlokoa hore tšelo ea mali a macha e etsoe, hobane ka tsela ena ho ka netefatsoa hore lintho tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea 'mele le tsona li ngata haholo.