Lethathamo la Meriana ea lefu la sethoathoa le ho oa

Litaba

• Li-AED tse moqotetsane
• Carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Tegretol, Epitol, Equetro)
• Clobazam (Onfi)
• Diazepam (Valium, Diastat)
• Distancia Mafikeng-Divalproex (Depakote)
• Eslicarbazepine acetate (Aptiom)
• AED e pharaletseng
• Clonazepam (Klonopin)
• Clorazepate (Tranxene-T)
• Ezogabine (Potiga)
• Felbamate (Felbatol)
• Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
• Levetiracetam (Keppra, Spritam)
• Distancia Mafikeng-Lorazepam (Ativan)
• Primidone (Mysoline)
• Topiramate (Topamax, Qudexy XR, Trokendi XR)
• Asiti ea Valproic (Depacon, Depakene, Depakote, Stavzor)
• Zonisamide (Zonegran)
• Bua le ngaka ea hau

Selelekela

Sethoathoa se etsa hore boko ba hao bo romele matšoao a sa tloaelehang. Ketsahalo ena e ka lebisa ho ts'oaroeng. Ho oa ho ka etsahala ka mabaka a 'maloa, joalo ka ho lemala kapa ho kula. Sethoathoa ke boemo bo bakang ho oela khafetsa. Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea ho oa ka sethoathoa. Bongata ba tsona li ka phekoloa ka meriana e thibelang mafu.

Lithethefatsi tse sebelisetsoang ho alafa sethoathoa li bitsoa lithethefatsi tsa antiepileptic (AEDs). Ho ea ka Setsi sa Naha sa Mathata a Neurological and Stroke, ho na le li-AED tse fetang 20 tse fumanehang. Likhetho tsa hau li latela lilemo tsa hau, mokhoa oa hau oa bophelo, mofuta oa ho oela o nang le hona, le hore na o oa ka makhetlo a makae. Haeba u mosali, le bona ba its'etleha ka monyetla oa ho ima.

Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea lithethefatsi tsa bosholu: li-AED tse moqotetsane le li-AED tse pharalletseng. Batho ba bang ba kanna ba hloka ho noa meriana e fetang e le 'ngoe ho thibela ho oela.

Li-AED tse moqotetsane

Li-AED tse moqotetsane li etselitsoe mefuta e itseng ea ho oa. Lithethefatsi tsena li sebelisoa haeba ho oela ha hao ho etsahala karolong e itseng ea boko ba hau khafetsa. Mona ke li-AED tse moqotetsane, tse thathamisitsoeng ka tatellano ea litlhaku:

Carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Tegretol, Epitol, Equetro)

Carbamazepine e sebelisetsoa ho sebetsana le ho oela ho etsahalang lobe ea nakoana. Meriana ena e ka thusa ho sebetsana le ho oa ka sekhahla, ka leeme le ka lebaka la ho oela. E sebelisana le lithethefatsi tse ling tse ngata. Etsa bonnete ba hore o bolella ngaka ea hau ka meriana eohle eo u e sebelisang.

Clobazam (Onfi)

Clobazam e thusa ho thibela ho oela, ho ba mahareng le ho se tšoaroe ke letho. Ke ea sehlopha sa litlhare tse bitsoang benzodiazepines. Meriana ena hangata e sebelisetsoa ho phomola, ho robala le ho tšoenyeha. Ho ea ka Epilepsy Foundation, meriana ena e ka sebelisoa ho bana ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 2. Maemong a sa tloaelehang, sethethefatsi sena se ka baka tšabo e mpe ea letlalo.

Diazepam (Valium, Diastat)

Diazepam e sebelisetsoa ho alafa sethoathoa le ho oela nako e telele. Meriana ena le eona ke benzodiazepine.

Distancia Mafikeng-Divalproex (Depakote)

Divalproex (Depakote) e sebelisetsoa ho phekola ho ba sieo, leeme, karolo e rarahaneng, le ho oela hangata. E eketsa ho fumaneha ha gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA ke neurotransmitter e thibelang. Seo se bolela hore e fokotsa lipotoloho tsa methapo. Phello ena e thusa ho laola ho oa.

Eslicarbazepine acetate (Aptiom)

Moriana ona o sebelisetsoa ho sebetsana le ho oa ka nakoana. Ho nahanoa hore e sebetsa ka ho thibela liteishene tsa sodium. Ho etsa sena ho fokotsa molumo oa ho thunya methapo ha o oa.

AED e pharaletseng

Haeba u na le mefuta e fetang e le 'ngoe ea ho tšoaroa, AED e pharaletseng e kanna ea ba khetho ea hau e ntle ea kalafo. Lithethefatsi tsena li etselitsoe ho thibela ho oela likarolong tse fetang bonngoe ba boko. Hopola hore li-AED tse nyane li sebetsa karolong e le 'ngoe feela ea boko. Li-AED tsena tse pharalletseng li thathamisitsoe ka tatellano ea litlhaku ka mabitso a tsona a tloaelehileng.

Clonazepam (Klonopin)

Clonazepam ke benzodiazepine e sebetsang nako e telele. E sebelisetsoa ho phekola mefuta e mengata ea ho oela. Tsena li kenyelletsa ts'oaetso ea myoclonic, akinetic le ho se be teng.

Clorazepate (Tranxene-T)

Clorazepate ke benzodiazepine. E sebelisoa e le kalafo e eketsehileng bakeng sa ho oela ka leeme.

Ezogabine (Potiga)

AED ena e sebelisoa e le kalafo e eketsehileng. E sebelisetsoa ho oa ka tsela e akaretsang, e hanyetsang le e rarahaneng. Ha e utloisisoe ka botlalo hore na e sebetsa joang. E kenya tšebetsong metjha ea potasiamo. Phello ena e tsitsisa ho thunya ha hau ha neuron.

Meriana ena e ka ama leihlo la hau la leihlo mme ea senya pono ea hau. Ka lebaka la phello ena, sethethefatsi sena se sebelisoa feela kamora hore u se ke ua araba litlhare tse ling. Haeba ngaka ea hau eu fa sethethefatsi sena, u tla hloka liteko tsa mahlo likhoeling tse ling le tse ling tse tšeletseng. Haeba sethethefatsi sena se sa u sebetse ka tekanyo e phahameng, ngaka ea hau e tla emisa kalafo ea hau ka eona. Sena ke ho thibela litaba tsa mahlo.

Felbamate (Felbatol)

Felbamate e sebelisetsoa ho phekola hoo e batlang e le mefuta eohle ea ho oela ho batho ba sa arabeleng kalafo e ngoe. E ka sebelisoa e le kalafo e le 'ngoe kapa e kopane le lithethefatsi tse ling. E sebelisoa ha lithethefatsi tse ling li hlotsoe. Litla-morao tse tebileng li kenyelletsa khaello ea mali le sebete.

Lamotrigine (Lamictal)

Lamotrigine (Lamictal) e ka alafa mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea ho oela ha sethoathoa. Batho ba sebelisang sethethefatsi sena ba tlameha ho shebella lefu le sa tloaelehang le le tebileng la letlalo le bitsoang lefu la Stevens-Johnson. Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa ho tšolloa ha letlalo.

Levetiracetam (Keppra, Spritam)

Levetiracetam ke kalafo ea mohala oa pele bakeng sa ho oela ka mokhoa o akaretsang, o leeme, o sa tloaelehang, le oa mefuta e meng. Ho ea ka, sethethefatsi sena se ka phekola lefu la sethoathoa le tsepameng, le akaretsang, la idiopathic, kapa la matšoao ho batho ba lilemo tsohle. Meriana ena e ka baka litla-morao tse fokolang ho feta lithethefatsi tse ling tse sebelisetsoang sethoathoa.

Distancia Mafikeng-Lorazepam (Ativan)

Lorazepam (Ativan) e sebelisetsoa ho alafa boemo ba lefu la sethoathoa (ho ts'oaroa ka nako e telele le ho hlokofatsoa). Ke mofuta oa benzodiazepine.

Primidone (Mysoline)

Primidone e sebelisetsoa ho alafa myoclonic, tonic-clonic le ho tsepamisa maikutlo. E boetse e sebelisetsoa ho alafa bana myoclonic lefu la sethoathoa.

Topiramate (Topamax, Qudexy XR, Trokendi XR)

Topiramate e sebelisoa e le kalafo e le 'ngoe kapa e kopaneng. E sebelisetsoa ho phekola mefuta eohle ea ho oela ho batho ba baholo le bana.

Asiti ea Valproic (Depacon, Depakene, Depakote, Stavzor)

Valproic acid ke AED e atileng haholo. E lumelletsoe ho sebetsana le ho oa haholo. E ka sebelisoa ka boeona kapa ka kalafo e kopaneng. Valproic acid e eketsa ho fumaneha ha GABA. GABA e eketsehileng e thusa ho khutsisa methapo ea methapo e sa reroang ha e oa.

Zonisamide (Zonegran)

Zonisamide (Zonegran) e sebelisetsoa ho sebetsana le ho oa leeme le mefuta e meng ea lefu la sethoathoa. Leha ho le joalo, e ka baka litla-morao tse tebileng. Tsena li kenyelletsa mathata a kelello, tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele le majoe a liphio.

Bua le ngaka ea hau

Pele o nka AED, bua le ngaka ea hau ka litla-morao tseo e ka li bakang. Li-AED tse ling li ka mpefatsa batho ba bang. Sebelisa sengoloa sena e le ho tlola ho botsa ngaka ea hau tlhaiso-leseling e batsi. Ho sebetsa le ngaka ea hau ho ka u thusa ka bobeli ho khetha sethethefatsi sa ho inkela se u loketseng.