Chefo ea ho tlosa enke

Ho tlosa enke ke k'hemik'hale e sebelisetsoang ho ntša matheba a enke. Chefo ea ho tlosa enke e etsahala ha motho e mong a koenya ntho ena.

Sengoliloeng sena ke sa tlhahisoleseling feela. Se ke oa e sebelisa ho alafa kapa ho laola chefo ea 'nete. Haeba uena kapa motho e mong eo u nang le eena a e-na le ts'oaetso, letsetsa nomoro ea hau ea tšohanyetso ea lehae (joalo ka 911), kapa setsi sa hau sa chefo sa lehae se ka fihleloa ka kotloloho ka ho letsetsa mohala oa naha oa mahala oa Poison Help (1-800-222-1222) ho tloha kae kapa kae United States.

Lisebelisoa tse chefo li kenyelletsa:

• Ho noa joala (ethanol)
• Ho roka joala (isopropyl alcohol, e ka bang chefo haholo ha e metsoa ka tekanyetso e kholo)
• Joala ba patsi (methanol, e chefo haholo)

Lisebelisoa tsena li ka fumanoa ho:

• Ho tlosa enke
• Metsi a sootho

Tlhokomeliso: Lethathamo lena le kanna la kenyelletsa mehloli eohle ea ho tlosa enke.

Matšoao a tsoang mefuteng eohle ea chefo ea joala a ka kenyelletsa:

• Tšenyo ea boko
• Fokotsa ho hema
• Booatla (ho fokotsa tlhokomeliso, pherekano ea boroko)
• Ho akheha

Matšoao a methanol le isopropyl a chefo ea joala a ka hlaha likarolong tse fapaneng tsa 'mele.

MAHLO, DITSE, NKO LE MORO

• Bofofu
• Pono e lerootho
• Bana ba atolositsoeng

MOKHATLO GASTROINTESTINAL

• Bohloko ba mpeng
• Ho nyekeloa le ho hlatsa
• Ho tsoa mali a mangata le ho hlatsa mali (hemorrhage)

PELO LE MALI

• Khatello ea mali e tlase, ka linako tse ling e lebisa ho makala
• Phetoho e matla boemong ba asiti maling (pH balance), e lebisang ho hloleheng ha litho tse ngata
• Bofokoli
• Koala

LIEKETSENG MATS'ELA

• Ho hloleha ha liphio

LIMAKATSO LE TSELENG

• Ho hema ka potlako le ka tlase
• Mokelikeli matšoafong
• Mali ka matšoafong
• A emisa ho hema

METSI LE MASAPA

• Mahlaba a maoto

LITLHAKISO MOKHOA

• Coma (boemo bo fokotsehileng ba tsebo le ho hloka karabelo)
• Botsoa
• Mokhathala
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho
• Ho tsitsipana (ho oa)

LEHATA

• Letlalo le leputsoa, ​​molomo, kapa manala (cyanosis)

Fumana thuso ea bongaka hang-hang. Se ke oa etsa hore motho a lahlele ntle le haeba a bolelletsoe ho etsa joalo ka taolo ea chefo kapa setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Haeba khemik'hale e le letlalong kapa mahlong, tšela metsi a mangata bonyane metsotso e 15.

Fumana lintlha tse latelang:

• Lilemo tsa motho, boima ba hae, le boemo ba hae
• Lebitso la sehlahisoa (le metsoako le matla, haeba ho tsejoa)
• Nako ha e metsoa
• Palo e metsitsoe

Setsi sa heno sa taolo ea chefo se ka fihlelleha ka kotloloho ka ho letsetsa mohala oa naha oa mahala oa Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) ho tsoa kae kapa kae United States. Mohala ona oa naha o tla u lumella hore u bue le litsebi tsa chefo. Ba tla u fa litaelo tse ling.

Ena ke ts'ebeletso ea mahala le ea lekunutu. Litsi tsohle tsa lehae tsa taolo ea chefo United States li sebelisa nomoro ena ea naha. O lokela ho letsetsa haeba o na le lipotso mabapi le chefo kapa thibelo ea chefo. HA HO hlokahale hore e be boemo ba tšohanyetso. O ka letsetsa lebaka lefe kapa lefe, lihora tse 24 ka letsatsi, matsatsi a 7 ka beke.

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla lekanya le ho lekola matšoao a bohlokoa a motho eo, ho kenyelletsa mocheso, ho otla ha pelo, sekhahla sa ho hema le khatello ea mali. Matšoao a tla tšoaroa a loketse. Motho a ka amohela:

• Ts'ehetso ea ho hema, ho kenyelletsa oksijene, phaephe e kenang ka hanong ho ea matšoafong, le mochini oa ho hema (mochini o fehlang moea)
• Endoscopy - kh'amera e theohelang 'metsong ho ea batla licheso' metso (mothapo o metsang) le ka mpeng.
• Maro a tsoang mothapong (ka IV).
• Dialysis ea liphio (mochini oa ho tlosa chefo le ho lokisa acid-base balance).
• Medicine (antidote) ho khutlisa phello ea chefo le ho phekola matšoao.
• Tšoaea ka hanong ho kena ka mpeng ho noa mpa. Sena se etsoa feela ha motho a fumana tlhokomelo ea meriana nakong ea metsotso e 30 ho isa ho e 45 ea chefo, mme karolo e kholo haholo ea ntho eo e metsitsoe.

Hore na motho o sebetsa hantle hakae ho latela hore na o metsoe ke chefo e kae le hore na kalafo e amoheloa kapele hakae. Ha motho a fumana thuso ea bongaka kapele, monyetla oa ho fola o betere.

Methanol ke ntho e kotsi ka ho fetisisa ebile e chefo e ka bang sesebelisoa sa ho tlosa enke. Hangata e baka bofofu bo sa feleng.

Nelson ME. Lino Tse Chefo. Ka: Marako RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Likhopolo le Tloaelo ea Kliniki. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 141.

Tolwani AJ, Saha MK, Wille KM. Metabolic acidosis le alkalosis. Ka: Vincent JL, Abraham E, Moore FA, Tonakholo ea Kochanek, MP ea Fink, eds. Buka ea sengolo ea Tlhokomelo e Bohlokoa. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 104.

Zimmerman JL. Chefo. Ka: Parrillo JE, Dellinger RP, bahlophisi. Meriana e Hlokahalang ea Tlhokomelo: Melao-motheo ea Tlhahlobo le Tsamaiso ho Motho e Moholo. La 5th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 65.