Pheochromocytoma

Pheochromocytoma ke hlahala e sa tloaelehang ea lisele tsa adrenal gland. E fella ka ho lokolloa ha epinephrine le norepinephrine e ngata haholo, lihormone tse laolang ho otla ha pelo, metabolism le khatello ea mali.

Pheochromocytoma e kanna ea hlaha e le hlahala e le 'ngoe kapa kholo e fetang e le' ngoe. Hangata e qala bohareng (medulla) ea litšoelesa tse le 'ngoe kapa tse peli tsa adrenal. Litšoelesa tsa adrenal ke litšoelesa tse peli tse bopehileng joaloka likhutlo li tharo. Tšoelesa e le 'ngoe e kaholimo ho liphio ka leng. Maemong a sa tloaelehang, pheochromocytoma e hlaha kantle ho tšoelesa ea adrenal. Ha e fihla, hangata e sebakeng se seng ka mpeng.

Li-pheochromocytomas tse fokolang haholo li na le mofetše.

Lihlahala li ka hlaha ka nako efe kapa efe, empa li atile haholo ho tloha qalong ho isa bohareng ba motho e moholo.

Maemong a fokolang, boemo bona bo ka bonoa hape hara litho tsa lelapa (lefutso).

Boholo ba batho ba nang le hlahala ena ba na le litlhaselo tsa matšoao, a etsahalang ha hlahala e ntša lihormone. Hangata litlhaselo li nka metsotso e 'maloa ho isa ho lihora. Sehlopha sa matšoao se kenyelletsa:

• Ho tšoaroa ke hlooho
• Ho otla ha pelo
• Ho fufuleloa
• Khatello ea mali e phahameng

Ha hlahala e ntse e hola, litlhaselo hangata li eketseha khafetsa, bolelele le ho tiea.

Matšoao a mang a ka bang teng a kenyelletsa:

• Bohloko ba mpeng kapa sefubeng
• Ho teneha, ho tšoha
• Pallor
• Ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele
• Ho nyekeloa le ho hlatsa
• Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane
• Ho oa
• Mathata a ho robala

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele. U tla botsoa ka nalane ea hau ea bongaka le matšoao.

Liteko tse entsoeng li ka kenyelletsa:

• Tlhaloso ea mpa ea mpa
• Boitsebiso ba Adrenal
• Teko ea mali ea Catecholamines (serum catecholamines)
• Teko ea tsoekere
• Teko ea mali ea Metanephrine (serum metanephrine)
• Teko ea ho nka litšoantšo e bitsoang MIBG scintiscan
• MRI ea mpa
• Lik'hatholine tsa moroto
• Metinephrines ea moroto
• PET scan ea mpa

Kalafo e kenyelletsa ho tlosa hlahala ka ho buuoa. Ho bohlokoa ho tsitsisa khatello ea mali le ho otla ha pelo ka meriana e itseng pele u etsoa opereishene. U kanna ua hloka ho lula sepetlele 'me matšoao a hau a bohlokoa a beiloe leihlo haufi le nako ea ts'ebetso. Kamora 'opereishene, matšoao a hau a bohlokoa a tla lula a beiloe leihlo phapusing ea tlhokomelo e kholo.

Ha hlahala e sa khone ho etsoa opereishene, o tla hloka ho noa moriana ho e laola. Motsoako oa meriana hangata oa hlokahala ho laola litlamorao tsa lihormone tse eketsehileng. Phekolo ea radiation le chemotherapy ha li a sebetsa ho folisa mofuta ona oa hlahala.

Batho ba bangata ba nang le lihlahala tse sa tlosoeng ke mofetše tse ntšitsoeng ka ho buuoa ba ntse ba phela kamora lilemo tse 5. Lihlahala li khutlela ho batho ba bang. Methati ea lihormone norepinephrine le epinephrine e khutlela setloaeling kamora ho buuoa.

Khatello ea mali e tsoelang pele e ka hlaha kamora ho buuoa. Kalafo e tloaelehileng hangata e ka laola khatello e phahameng ea mali.

Batho ba 'nileng ba phekoloa ka katleho bakeng sa pheochromocytoma ba lokela ho etsa liteko nako le nako ho netefatsa hore hlahala ha e so khutle. Litho tse haufi tsa lelapa le tsona li ka una molemo ka ho etsa liteko, hobane linyeoe tse ling li futsitsoe.

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u:

• E-na le matšoao a pheochromocytoma, joalo ka hlooho, ho fufuleloa le ho opa ha pelo
• O bile le pheochromocytoma nakong e fetileng mme matšoao a hau a khutla

Lihlahala tsa Chromaffin; Paraganglionoma

• Litšoelesa tsa endocrine
• Adrenal metastases - CT scan
• Adrenal Tumor - CT
• Sephiri sa adrenal gland

Webosaete ea National Cancer Institute. Pheochromocytoma le paraganglioma kalafo (PDQ) - mofuta oa litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle. Kankere.gov. www.cancer.gov/types/pheochromocytoma/hp/pheochromocytoma-treatment-pdq#link/_38_toc. E ntlafalitsoe ka Loetse 23, 2020. E fihlile ka la 14 Mphalane 2020.

Pacak K, Linako tsa HJLM, Eisenhofer G. Pheochromocytoma. Ka: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, oa Kretser DM, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Batho ba baholo le bana. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 110.

Brigode WM, Miraflor EJ, Palmer BJA. Tsamaiso ea pheochromocytoma. Ka: Cameron AM, Cameron JL, bahlophisi. Phekolo ea Hajoale ea Ts'ebetso. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 750-756.