Sengoli: Eugene Taylor
Letsatsi La Creation: 13 Phato 2021
Ntlafatsa Letsatsi: 16 November 2024
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Tularemia (Rabbit Fever) | Causes, Pathogenesis, Forms, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
Video: Tularemia (Rabbit Fever) | Causes, Pathogenesis, Forms, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Litaba

Tularemia ke eng?

Tularemia ke lefu le tšoaetsanoang leo hangata le tšoaetsang liphoofolo tse latelang:

  • litoeba tse hlaha
  • mekholutsoane
  • linonyana
  • mebutlanyana

Lefu lena le bakoa ke baktheria Francisella tularensis. E ka beha bophelo kotsing.

Bala ho ea pele ho fumana hore na tularemia e fetisetsoa joang bathong, mefuta e fapaneng ea lefu lena le matšoao a lona, ​​likhetho tsa kalafo, le tse ling.

Ho fetisetsa ho batho

Batho ba ka fumana tšoaetso ea tularemia ka ho kopana ka kotloloho le phoofolo e nang le tšoaetso kapa ho longoa ke liboseleise, menoang, kapa likhama.

Mefuta e fapaneng ea tularemia e khetholloa ke moo libaktheria li kenang 'meleng oa motho.

Mofuta o tloaelehileng haholo oa lefu lena o bakoa ke ho ama letlalo le libaktheria. Mofuta o matla ka ho fetisisa oa lefu lena o bakoa ke ho hema baktheria.

Tularemia hangata e ka phekoloa ka lithibela-mafu. Kalafo ea kapele e fana ka pono e ntle ea ho fola ka botlalo. Leha ho le joalo, linyeoe tse ling tse matla li ka bolaea le ka kalafo.


Tularemia ha e fumanehe hangata. Hangata ho na le linyeoe tse ncha tse 100 ho isa ho tse 200 tse tlalehiloeng United States selemo se seng le se seng.

Mefuta ea tularemia le matšoao a eona

Matšoao a tularemia a ka fapana haholo, ho tloha asymptomatic kapa bonolo ho isa ho sokelang bophelo. Matšoao a hlaha hangata nakong ea matsatsi a 3 ho isa ho a 5 a tšoaelitsoe ke libaktheria, empa maemong a mang ho ka nka libeke tse 2 ho hlaha.

Matšoao le ona a ka fapana ho latela hore na libaktheria li kena kae 'meleng oa motho. Mona ke mefuta ea tularemia le matšoao a amanang le eona.

Ulceroglandular tularemia

Matšoao a ulceroglandular tularemia, kapa tšoaetso ka letlalo, a ka kenyelletsa:

  • seso sa letlalo nakong eo motho a kopanang le phoofolo e nang le tšoaetso kapa sebakeng seo a lomang ho sona
  • li-lymph nodes tse ruruhileng haufi le seso sa letlalo (hangata hangata ka mokokotlong kapa boteng)
  • ho opeloa ke hlooho haholo
  • feberu
  • ho bata
  • mokgathala

Tularemia ea tšoelesa

Matšoao a glandular tularemia, kapa tšoaetso ka letlalo, a ts'oana le matšoao a ulceroglandular empa a se na seso sa letlalo.


Tularemia ea matšoafo

Pneumonic tularemia ke mofuta o tebileng ka ho fetisisa oa lefu lena. E fetisoa ka ho hema. Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa:

  • sefuba se ommeng
  • ho hema ka thata
  • feberu e matla
  • bohloko ba sefuba

Tularemia ea mahlo

Matšoao a oculoglandular tularemia, kapa tšoaetso ea leihlo, a ka kenyelletsa:

  • ho koata mahlo
  • bohloko ba mahlo
  • ho ruruha hoa mahlo
  • ho tsoa kapa ho fifala hoa leihlo
  • seso ka hare ho mahlo a mahlo
  • ho ruruha litšoelesa tsa 'mele ka mor'a tsebe

Oropharyngeal tularemia

Matšoao a oropharyngeal tularemia, kapa tšoaetso ka ho kenella ha baktheria, a ka kenyelletsa:

  • 'metso
  • liso tsa molomo
  • li-lymph node tse ruruhileng molaleng
  • tonsillitis, kapa lithane tse ruruhileng
  • ho hlatsa
  • letšollo

Typhoidal tularemia

Matšoao a mofuta o sa tloaelehang oa lefu lena, typhoidal tularemia, a ka kenyelletsa:

  • feberu e phahameng haholo
  • mokhathala o feteletseng
  • letšollo
  • ho hlatsa

Typhoidal tularemia e ka lebisa ho pneumonia le sebete se atolositsoeng le spleen.


Mathata a ka bang teng a tularemia

Liketsahalo tse matla le tse sa sebetsanoeng tsa tularemia li ka baka mathata a latelang:

  • ho hloleha ha pelo ho sa foleng
  • ho ruruha ha lera le pota-potileng boko le lesapo la mokokotlo, le bitsoang meningitis
  • lefu

Lisosa tsa tularemia

Baktheria Francisella tularensis e baka tularemia. Libopuoa tse khonang ho jara libaktheria li kenyelletsa:

  • mebutlanyana le likhama
  • Likhopo
  • hares
  • mebutlanyana
  • litoeba
  • liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng tse eang kantle

Mofuta oa tularemia oo u o hlahisang o ipapisitse le hore na libaktheria li kena joang 'meleng oa hau.

Ho pepesetsoa letlalo ke mofuta o atileng haholo oa lefu lena. Ho hema ka matšoafo ke mofuta o matla ka ho fetisisa oa tularemia.

Haeba e sa alafatsoe, mefuta e meng ea lefu lena e ka qetella e fihlile libakeng tse latelang tsa 'mele:

  • matšoafo
  • lesapo la mokokotlo
  • boko
  • pelo

Lefu lena le ka baka mathata a tebileng mme ka linako tse ling le bolaea.

Mokhoa oa ho kena le o hlahisoang ke mefuta ea tularemia o kenyelletsa tse latelang:

  • Ho pepeseha ha letlalo ho baka li-glandular kapa ulceroglandular tularemia.
  • Ho hema ha libaktheria tse nang le moea ho baka pneumonic tularemia.
  • Ho hlahisa maikutlo ka leihlo ho baka li-oculoglandular tularemia.
  • Ho kenella ho baka oropharyngeal tularemia.
  • Ts'oaetso ea systemic (e amang 'mele oohle) e baka typhoidal tularemia.

Lisosa tsa kotsi tsa tularemia

Liphoofolo li na le libaktheria tse bakang tularemia. U kotsing e kholo ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu lena haeba u kopana khafetsa le liphoofolo.

Batho ba kotsing e kholo ea tularemia ba kenyelletsa bao:

  • sebetsa haufi-ufi le liphoofolo, tse kang lingaka tsa liphoofolo, bahlokomeli ba libaka tsa liphoofolo le bahlokomeli ba lirapa tsa boikhathollo
  • phela libakeng tse nang le meru haholo
  • sebetsa le litopo tsa liphoofolo, joalo ka litsomi, litsebi tsa lekhetho le barekisi ba nama
  • sebetsa ho lema le ho lokisa lirapa

Ho lemoha tularemia

Ho lemoha tularemia ha ho bonolo hobane hangata e ka hlaha joalo ka mafu a mang. Litsela tse fapaneng tsa ho kena ha baktheria li thatafatsa bothata.

Ngaka ea hau e tlameha ho itšetleha haholo ka nalane ea hau ea botho le ea bongaka ho u thusa ho u hlahloba.

Ngaka ea hau e kanna ea belaella tularemia haeba u bile le maeto a morao-rao, ho longoa ke likokoanyana kapa ho kopana le liphoofolo. Ba kanna ba belaella hore o na le lefu lena haeba u se u ntse u na le boemo bo tebileng ba bongaka bo behang boits'ireletso ba hau ba mmele kotsing, joalo ka mofets'e kapa HIV.

Ngaka ea hau e ka sebelisa teko ea serology ho fumana tularemia. Teko ena e sheba li-antibodies tse ikhethileng tseo 'mele oa hau o li entseng ho loants'a ts'oaetso.

Hobane liteko tsa pele ho nako li kanna tsa se ke tsa fumana li-antibodies, ngaka ea hau e kanna ea batla ho bokella sampole moetlong oa laborakeng. Mehlala e ka nkuoa ho:

  • letlalo
  • li-lymph nodes
  • mokelikeli oa mokelikeli (mokelikeli o tsoang ho pleurae ka sefubeng)
  • mokelikeli oa mokokotlo

Kalafo ea tularemia

Taba ka 'ngoe ea tularemia e alafshoa ho latela sebopeho le boima ba eona. Ho hlahlojoa kapele ho lumella kalafo e potlakileng ka lithibela-mafu.

Lithibela-mafu tse ka sebelisoang ho alafa tularemia li kenyelletsa:

  • ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
  • doxycycline (Doryx)
  • gentamicin
  • sesobetsa

Ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore ho kenngoe opereishene ho ntša li-lymph node tse ruruhileng kapa ho felisa lisele tse tšoaelitsoeng ke seso sa letlalo. U ka fuoa meriana ea feberu kapa matšoao a hlooho.

Ho thibela tularemia

Thibelo e kenyelletsa mehato ea mantlha ea polokeho. Libaktheria lia atleha maemong a litšila.Ho qhoma ha lefu lena ho etsahetse meketjaneng ea ho tsoma ha litsomi li hloleha ho sebelisa mekhoa e sireletsehileng ea ho hloekisa le ho silafatsa thepa ea tsona.

Ho hloekisa liphoofolo ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ha u tsoma, u lokela ho nka mehato e latelang:

  • Se ke oa letlalo kapa oa apara (tlosa litho tsa) phoofolo efe kapa efe e bonahalang e kula.
  • Apara litlelafo le likoloana ha u tšoara phoofolo efe kapa efe.
  • Hlapa matsoho ka hloko kamora ho tšoara phoofolo.
  • Pheha nama hantle.

Malebela ke ana a ho fokotsa kotsi ea hau ea ho fumana tularemia:

  • Apara marikhoe le matsoho a malelele ka morung ho thusa ho thibela ho longoa ke liboseleise.
  • Boloka mesaletsa ea liphoofolo hole le lijo kapa metsi.
  • Qoba ho noa metsi a tsoang matšeng kapa matamong.
  • Sireletsa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng ka ntle ka matsetse le li-tick meriana.
  • Sebelisa lintho tse lelekang likokoanyana.

Tularemia e sebelisoa habonolo moeeng. Ka lebaka la sena, e kanna ea ba moemeli ea bolaeang bioterrorism ho latela. Leha ho le joalo, u na le monyetla oa hore u tšoaetsoe ke phoofolo.

U lokela ho bua le ngaka ea hau hanghang haeba u nahana hore u kanna ua ba le tularemia.

Pono ea tularemia

Pono ea hau bakeng sa tularemia e ipapisitse le ho teba ha boemo le hore na o qala ho fumana kalafo kapele hakae. Ho kena sepetlele ho tloaelehile maemong a mangata.

Haeba u nahana hore u na le tularemia, bona ngaka ea hau hanghang. Ho lieha ho fumanoa ho tla baka ho mpefala ha matšoao.

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