Ho ipeha kotsing ea ho ipolaea

Litaba

• Ho hlahloba kotsi ea ho ipolaea ke eng?
• E sebelisetsoa eng?
• Hobaneng ha ke hloka tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea?
• Ho etsahalang nakong ea tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea?
• Na ke tla hloka ho etsa eng kapa eng ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea?
• Na ho na le likotsi tsa ho hlahlojoa?
• Liphetho li bolelang?
• Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba mabapi le tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea?
• Litšupiso

Ho hlahloba kotsi ea ho ipolaea ke eng?

Selemo se seng le se seng batho ba ka bang 800,000 lefats'eng ka bophara ba ipolaea. Ba bang ba bangata ba leka ho ipolaea. United States, ke sesosa sa bo10 se ka sehloohong sa lefu ka kakaretso, hape ke sesosa sa bobeli sa lefu ho batho ba lilemo li 10-34. Ho ipolaea ho na le tšusumetso e sa feleng ho ba setseng morao le ho sechaba ka kakaretso.

Le ha ho ipolaea e le bothata bo boholo ba bophelo bo botle, hangata ho ka thibeloa. Ho hlahloba kotsi ea ho ipolaea ho ka thusa ho fumana hore na ho na le menyetla e kae ea hore motho e mong a leke ho ipolaea. Nakong ea liteko tse ngata, mofani o tla botsa lipotso mabapi le boits'oaro le maikutlo. Ho na le lipotso le litataiso tse ikhethang tseo bafani ba ka li sebelisang. Tsena li tsejoa e le lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea. Haeba uena kapa motho eo u mo ratang a ka ba kotsing ea ho ipolaea, o ka fumana tšehetso ea bongaka, ea kelello le ea maikutlo e ka thusang ho qoba sephetho se bohloko.

Mabitso a mang: tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea

E sebelisetsoa eng?

Ho hlahlojoa kotsi ea ho ipolaea ho sebelisetsoa ho fumana hore na motho o kotsing ea ho leka ho ipolaea.

Hobaneng ha ke hloka tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea?

Uena kapa moratuoa oa hau le kanna la hloka tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea haeba le hlokomela e 'ngoe ea matšoao a latelang a lemosang:

• Ho ikutloa o hloka tšepo le / kapa ho qabelloa
• Ho bua ka ho ba moroalo ho ba bang
• Tšebeliso e eketsehileng ea joala kapa lithethefatsi
• Ho ba le maikutlo a feteletseng
• Ho ikhula maemong a sechaba kapa ho batla ho ba mong
• Phetoho ea ho ja le / kapa mekhoa ea ho robala

U kanna ua hloka ho hlahlojoa haeba u na le mabaka a itseng a kotsi. Mohlomong u ka leka ho intša kotsi haeba u na le:

• O lekile ho ipolaea pele
• Ho tepella maikutlong kapa bothata bo bong ba maikutlo
• Nalane ea ho ipolaea lelapeng la hau
• Nalane ea ts'itiso kapa tlhekefetso
• Boloetse bo sa foleng le / kapa bohloko bo sa foleng

Ho itlhahloba ka kotsi ea ho ipolaea ho ka thusa haholo batho ba nang le matšoao ana a tlhokomeliso le lisosa tsa kotsi. Matšoao a mang a tlhokomeliso a ka hloka ho rarolloa hanghang. Tsena li kenyelletsa:

• Ho bua ka ho ipolaea kapa ho batla ho shoa
• Ho batla marang-rang bakeng sa litsela tsa ho ipolaea, ho fumana sethunya, kapa ho bokella meriana e kang lipilisi tsa boroko kapa meriana ea bohloko
• Ho bua ka ho hloka lebaka la ho phela

Haeba uena kapa motho eo u mo ratang a e-na le e 'ngoe ea matšoao ana a lemosang, batla thuso hang-hang. Letsetsa 911 kapa National Suicide Prevention Lifeline ho 1-800-273-TALK (8255).

Ho etsahalang nakong ea tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea?

Ho hlahloba ho ka etsoa ke mofani oa tlhokomelo ea mantlha kapa mofani oa bophelo bo botle ba kelello.Mofani oa bophelo bo botle ba kelello ke setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo se ikhethang ho hlahloba le ho phekola mathata a bophelo ba kelello.

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea mantlha a ka u etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele' me au botsa ka ts'ebeliso ea hau ea lithethefatsi le joala, liphetoho mokhoeng oa ho ja le ho robala le ho feto-fetoha ha maikutlo. Tsena li ka ba le lisosa tse fapaneng tse fapaneng. A ka u botsa ka lithethefatsi life kapa life tseo u li noang tseo u li fuoang ke ngaka. Maemong a mang, lithibela-mafu li ka eketsa menahano ea ho ipolaea, haholo ho bana, bacha le bacha ba baholo (ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 25). U ka fumana tlhahlobo ea mali kapa liteko tse ling ho bona hore na bokuli bo u bakela matšoao a ho ipolaea.

Nakong ea tlhahlobo ea mali, setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo se tla nka sampole ea mali mothapong o letsohong la hao, a sebelisa nale e nyane. Kamora hore nalete e kenngoe, ho tla bokelloa mali a manyane ka har'a pompo ea liteko. U ka ikutloa u hlaba hanyane ha nale e kena kapa e tsoa. Hangata hona ho nka nako e ka tlase ho metsotso e mehlano.

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea mantlha kapa mofani oa bophelo bo botle ba kelello a ka sebelisa sesebelisoa se le seng kapa tse 'maloa tsa tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea. Sesebelisoa sa tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea ke mofuta oa lipotso kapa tataiso bakeng sa bafani. Lisebelisoa tsena li thusa bafani ho lekola boitšoaro ba hau, maikutlo le menahano ea ho ipolaea. Lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo tse sebelisoang haholo li kenyelletsa:

• Potso ea bakuli ba bophelo bo botle ba mokuli-9 (PHQ9). Sesebelisoa sena se entsoe ka lipotso tse robong mabapi le menahano ea ho ipolaea le boits'oaro.
• Botsa Lipotso tsa ho Ipolaea. Sena se kenyelletsa lipotso tse 'ne mme se etselitsoe batho ba lilemo li 10-24.
• SIRELETSE-T. Ena ke teko e shebaneng le libaka tse hlano tsa kotsi ea ho ipolaea, hammoho le likhetho tsa kalafo tse khothalelitsoeng.
• Tekanyo ea sekhahla sa ho ipolaea sa Columbia-Suicide Severity Scale (C-SSRS). Ena ke sekala sa tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea se lekanyang likarolo tse 'ne tse fapaneng tsa kotsi ea ho ipolaea.

Na ke tla hloka ho etsa eng kapa eng ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea?

Ha o hloke litokisetso tse khethehileng bakeng sa tlhahlobo ena.

Na ho na le likotsi tsa ho hlahlojoa?

Ha ho na kotsi ea ho etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele kapa lenane la lipotso. Ho na le kotsi e nyane haholo ea ho etsa tlhahlobo ea mali. U kanna oa ba le mahlaba a fokolang kapa ho longoa moo nale e kentsoeng teng, empa matšoao a mangata a fela kapele.

Liphetho li bolelang?

Haeba liphetho tsa tlhahlobo ea hau ea 'mele kapa tlhahlobo ea mali li bontša bothata ba' mele kapa bothata ba moriana, mofani oa hau a ka fana ka kalafo mme a fetola kapa a fetola meriana ea hau ha ho hlokahala.

Liphetho tsa sesebelisoa sa tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea kapa sekala sa tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea se ka bonts'a hore na ho na le monyetla o kae oa ho leka ho ipolaea. Kalafo ea hau e tla itšetleha ka boemo ba kotsi ba hau. Haeba u le kotsing e kholo, u ka amoheloa sepetlele. Haeba kotsi ea hau e le bohareng, mofani oa hau a ka khothaletsa e le 'ngoe kapa tse' maloa ho tse latelang:

• Tlhabollo ea kelello ho tsoa ho setsebi sa bophelo bo botle ba kelello
• Meriana, tse kang ho imeloa kelellong. Empa bacha ba nang le khatello ea maikutlo ba lokela ho beoa leihlo haufi-ufi. Meriana ka linako tse ling e eketsa kotsi ea ho ipolaea ho bana le ho batho ba baholo.
• Kalafo ea bokhoba ba tahi kapa lithethefatsi

Ithute haholoanyane ka liteko tsa laboratori, libaka tsa litšupiso, le liphetho tsa kutloisiso.

Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba mabapi le tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ipolaea?

Haeba u ikutloa u le kotsing ea ho ipolaea batla thuso hang-hang. Ho na le mekhoa e mengata ea ho fumana thuso. U ka khona:

• Letsetsa 911 kapa u ee kamoreng ea hau ea maemo a tšohanyetso
• Bitsa Phallo ea Naha ea Thibelo ea ho Ipolaea ho 1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255). Veterans ba ka letsa ebe ba tobetsa 1 ho fihlela Veterans Crisis Line.
• Ngola molaetsa oa Crisis Text Line (romella HOME ho 741741).
• Ngola molaetsa oa Crisis Line oa Veterans ho 838255.
• Bitsa tlhokomelo ea hau ea bophelo bo botle kapa mofani oa bophelo bo botle ba kelello
• Finyella motho eo u mo ratang kapa motsoalle ea haufi

Haeba u tšoenyehile ka hore moratuoa oa hau o kotsing ea ho ipolaea, u se ke ua ba tlohela. U lokela hape:

• Ba khothaletse ho batla thuso. Ba thuse ho fumana thuso ha ho hlokahala.
• Ba tsebise hore oa tsotella. Mamela ntle ho kahlolo, 'me u fane ka khothatso le ts'ehetso.
• Thibela ho fihlella libetsa, lipilisi le lintho tse ling tse ka u ntšang kotsi.

U kanna oa batla ho letsetsa National Suicide Prevention Lifeline ho 1-800-273-TALK (8255) bakeng sa likeletso le tšehetso.

Litšupiso

1. Mokhatlo oa American Psychiatric Association [Inthanete]. Washington DC: Mokhatlo oa Maiketsetso oa Amerika; c2019. Thibelo ea ho Ipolaea; [e qotsitsoeng ka la 9 Nov 6]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/suicide-prevention
2. Mayo Clinic [Inthaneteng]. Motheo oa Mayo oa Thuto ea Bongaka le Patlisiso; c1998–2019. Bafani ba kelello: Malebela a ho e fumana; 2017 Mots'eanong 16 [e qotsitsoeng ka 2019 Nov 6]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mental-illness/in-depth/mental-health-providers/art-20045530
3. Mayo Clinic [Inthaneteng]. Motheo oa Mayo oa Thuto ea Bongaka le Patlisiso; c1998–2019. Menahano ea ho ipolaea le ho ipolaea: Tlhahlobo le kalafo; 2018 Oct 18 [e qotsitsoeng ka 2019 Nov 6]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/suicide/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20378054
4. Mayo Clinic [Inthaneteng]. Motheo oa Mayo oa Thuto ea Bongaka le Patlisiso; c1998–2019. Menahano ea ho ipolaea le ho ipolaea: Matšoao le lisosa; 2018 Oct 18 [e qotsitsoeng ka 2019 Nov 6]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/suicide/symptoms-causes/syc-20378048
5. National Heart, Lung, le Setsi sa Mali [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Liteko tsa Mali; [e qotsitsoeng ka la 9 Nov 6]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
6. Setsi sa Naha sa Bophelo ba kelello [Inthanete]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Botsa Lebokose la lithulusi tsa ho ipolaea (ASQ); [e qotsitsoeng ka la 9 Nov 6]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/research/research-conducted-at-nimh/asq-toolkit-materials/index.shtml
7. Setsi sa Naha sa Bophelo ba kelello [Inthanete]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Ho ipolaea Amerika: Lipotso tse botsoang khafetsa; [e qotsitsoeng ka la 9 Nov 6]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/suicide-faq/index.shtml
8. Setsi sa Naha sa Bophelo ba kelello [Inthanete]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Sesebelisoa sa ho Ipeha kotsing ea ho Ipolaea; [e qotsitsoeng ka la 9 Nov 6]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/research/research-conducted-at-nimh/asq-toolkit-materials/asq-tool/screening-tool_155867.pdf
9. Tlhekefetso ea Lithethefatsi le Tsamaiso ea Ts'ebeletso ea Bophelo ba kelello [Inthanete]. Rockville (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. SAFE-T: Tekolo ea ho ipolaea Tlhatlhobo le Mehato e Mehlano; [e qotsitsoeng ka la 9 Nov 6]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://store.samhsa.gov/system/files/sma09-4432.pdf
10. Bophelo ba UF: Univesithi ea Florida Health [Marang-rang]. Gainesville (FL): Univesithi ea Florida; c2019. Boitšoaro ba ho ipolaea le ho ipolaea: Kakaretso; [e ntlafalitsoeng 2019 Nov 6; e qotsitsoeng ka la 9 Nov 6]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://ufhealth.org/suicide-and-suicidal-behavior
11. Yunifesithi ea Ts'ebeletso e Tšoanang: Setsi sa Psychology ea ho Sebetsa [Marang-rang] Bethesda (MD): Henry M. Jackson Foundation bakeng sa Ntšetso-pele ea Bongaka ba Sesole; c2019. Sekhahla sa Tekanyetso ea ho Ipolaea ea Columbia Ho Ipolaea (C-SSRS); [e qotsitsoeng ka la 9 Nov 6]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://deploymentpsych.org/system/files/member_resource/C-SSRS%20Factsheet.pdf
12. Bophelo ba UW [Marang-rang]. Madison (WI): Univesithi ea Wisconsin Lipetlele le Bolaoli ba Litleliniki; c2019. Psychiatry le Psychology: Thibelo ea ho Ipolaea le Lisebelisoa; [e ntlafalitsoeng 2018 Jun 8; e qotsitsoeng ka la 9 Nov 6]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 5]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.uwhealth.org/mental-health/suicide-prevention-and-resource/50837
13. Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo [Internet]. Geneva (SUI): Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo; c2019. Ho ipolaea; 2019 Sep 2 [e qotsitsoeng 2019 Nov 6]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 5]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide
14. Ho Ipolaea ha Zero ho Bophelo bo Botle le Boitšoaro ba Boitšoaro [Inthanete]. Setsi sa Nts'etsopele ea Thuto; c2015–2019. Ho lekola le ho lekola kotsi ea ho ipolaea; [e qotsitsoeng ka la 9 Nov 6]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://zerosuicide.sprc.org/toolkit/identify/screening-and-assessing-suicide-risk

Tlhahisoleseling e fumanehang sebakeng sena sa marang-rang ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa ho nka sebaka sa tlhokomelo ea bongaka le likeletso. Ikopanye le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u na le lipotso ka bophelo ba hau.