Sengoli: Charles Brown
Letsatsi La Creation: 1 Hlakubele 2021
Ntlafatsa Letsatsi: 3 November 2024
Anonim
Retinitis pigmentosa: Ke eng, Matšoao le Phekolo - Bophelo
Retinitis pigmentosa: Ke eng, Matšoao le Phekolo - Bophelo

Litaba

Retinitis, eo hape e bitsoang retinosis, e kenyelletsa letoto la maloetse a amang retina, sebaka sa bohlokoa ka morao ho leihlo se nang le lisele tse ikarabellang bakeng sa ho nka litšoantšo. E baka matšoao a joalo ka ho senyeha butle ha pono le bokhoni ba ho khetholla mebala, mme ebile e ka ba ea lebisa bofofu.

Lebaka le ka sehloohong ke retinitis pigmentosa, lefu le holofatsang le bakang tahlehelo ea pono butle-butle, boholo ba nako, e bakoang ke lefu la lefutso le lefutso. Ntle le moo, lisosa tse ling tse ka bakoang ke retinitis li ka kenyelletsa tšoaetso, joalo ka cytomegalovirus, herpes, mmasele, syphilis kapa fungus, ts'oaetso mahlong le tšebetso e chefo ea lithethefatsi tse ling, joalo ka chloroquine kapa chlorpromazine.

Le ha ho se na pheko, ho a khonahala ho phekola lefu lena, ho ipapisitse le sesosa sa lona le ho teba ha kotsi, mme ho ka kenyelletsa ts'ireletso khahlano le mahlaseli a letsatsi le tlatsetso ea vithamine A le omega 3.

Setšoantšo sa retina se phetseng hantle

Tsela ea ho khetholla

Pigmentary retinitis e ama tšebetso ea lisele tsa photoreceptor, tse bitsoang li-cones le melamu, tse nkang litšoantšo ka 'mala le libakeng tse lefifi.


E ka ama leihlo le le leng kapa a mabeli, 'me matšoao a mantlha a ka hlahang ke:

  • Pono e lerootho;
  • Bokgoni ba pono bo fokotsehileng kapa bo fetotsoeng, haholo-holo libakeng tse sa bonesoang hantle;
  • Bofofu bosiu;
  • Ho lahleheloa ke pono ea ponahalo kapa phetoho ea tšimo ea pono;

Pono ea tahlehelo e ka mpefala hanyane ka hanyane, ka sekhahla se fapaneng ho ea ka sesosa sa eona, mme e ka ba ea lebisa bofofu leihlong le amehileng, leo hape le bitsoang amaurosis. Ho phaella moo, retinitis e ka hlaha ka nako efe kapa efe, ho tloha tsoalong ho ea ho motho e moholo, e fapaneng ho ea ka sesosa sa eona.

Mokhoa oa ho netefatsa

Teko e fumanang retinitis ke ea mokokotlo oa leihlo, e etsoang ke ngaka ea mahlo, e fumanang mebala e meng e lefifi mahlong, ka sebopeho sa sekho, se tsejoang e le li-spicule.

Ntle le moo, liteko tse ling tse ka thusang tlhahlobisong ke liteko tsa pono, mebala le lebala la pono, tlhahlobo ea tomography ea mahlo, elektroretinography le retinography, mohlala.

Lisosa tse ka sehloohong

Pigmentary retinitis e bakoa haholo-holo ke mafu a futsitsoeng, a fetisoang ho tloha ho batsoali ho ea ho bana, mme lefa lena la lefutso le ka hlaha ka litsela tse 3:


  • Autosomal e hlahelletseng: moo motsoali a le mong feela a lokelang ho fetisetsa hore ngoana a amehe;
  • Autosomal e fetelletseng: moo ho hlokahalang hore batsoali ka bobeli ba fetise lefutso hore ngoana a amehe;
  • Tse amanang le chromosome ea X: e fetisoa ke liphatsa tsa bo-mme, basali ba jere liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amehileng, empa ba fetisetsa lefu lena haholo ho bana ba batona.

Ntle le moo, lefu lena le ka baka lefu, leo ntle le ho ama mahlo feela, le ka sekisetsang litho tse ling le mesebetsi ea 'mele, joalo ka Usher syndrome.

Mefuta e meng ea retinitis

Retinitis le eona e ka bakoa ke mofuta o itseng oa ho ruruha ho retina, joalo ka ts'oaetso, ts'ebeliso ea meriana esita le ho phatloha mahlong. Ha bofokoli ba pono maemong ana bo tsitsitse ebile bo laoleha ka kalafo, boemo bona bo boetse bo bitsoa pigmentary pseudo-retinitis.


Tse ling tsa lisosa tsa mantlha ke:

  • Tšoaetso ea kokoana-hloko ea Cytomegalovirus, kapa CMV, e tšoaetsang mahlo a batho ka bokooa bo itseng ba boits'ireletso, joalo ka bakuli ba AIDS, mme kalafo ea bona e etsoa ka li-antivirals, joalo ka Ganciclovir kapa Foscarnet, mohlala;
  • Mafu a mang ke likokoana-hloko, joalo ka mefuta e matla ea herpes, mmaselese, rubella le pox, kokoana-hloko e kang Treponema pallidum, e bakang syphilis, likokoana-hloko tse kang Toxoplasma gondii, e bakang toxoplasmosis le li-fungus, tse kang Candida.
  • Ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tse chefo, joalo ka Chloroquine, Chlorpromazine, Tamoxifen, Thioridazine le Indomethacin, mohlala, e leng litlhare tse hlahisang tlhoko ea ho lekola mahlo nakong ea ts'ebeliso ea tsona;
  • Likotlo mahlong, ka lebaka la khatello ea maikutlo kapa kotsi, e ka fokotsang ts'ebetso ea "retina".

Mefuta ena ea retinitis hangata e ama leihlo le le leng feela.

Kalafo e etsoa joang

Retinitis ha e na pheko, leha ho le joalo ho na le mekhoa ea kalafo, e tataisoang ke ngaka ea mahlo, e ka thusang ho laola le ho thibela kholo ea lefu lena, joalo ka tlatsetso ea vithamine A, beta-carotene le omega-3.

Ho bohlokoa hape ho ba le ts'ireletso khahlano le ho pepesehela leseli la bolelele bo bolelele ba boka ba nako, ka ts'ebeliso ea likhalase tse nang le ts'ireletso ea UV-A le li-block tsa B, ho thibela ho potlaka ha lefu lena.

Ke feela maemong a tšoaetsanoang, ho ka khonehang ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse kang lithibela-mafu le lithibela-mafu, ho folisa tšoaetso le ho fokotsa tšenyo ho retina.

Ntle le moo, ketsahalong ea hore ho lahleheloa ke pono ho se ho etsahetse, ngaka ea mahlo e ka eletsa lithuso tse kang ho holisa likhalase le lisebelisoa tsa likhomphutha, tse ka bang molemo ho ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo ba batho bana.

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