Sengoli: Roger Morrison
Letsatsi La Creation: 1 September 2021
Ntlafatsa Letsatsi: 16 December 2024
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Liplatelete ke likhechana tse nyane tsa lisele tse tsoang seleng e hlahisoang ke moko oa masapo, megakaryocyte. Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea megakaryocyte ka moko oa masapo le ho arohana ha liplatelete e nka matsatsi a ka bang 10 mme e laoloa ke hormone thrombopoietin, e hlahisoang ke sebete le liphio.

Liplatelete li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea polatelet plug plug, hobane e bohlokoa ho thibela ho tsoa mali ho hoholo, ka hona ho bohlokoa hore lipalo tsa liplatelete tse potolohang 'meleng li ka har'a litekanyetso tse tloaelehileng tsa litšupiso.

Mali smear moo liplatelete li ka bonoang haholo

Mesebetsi e meholo

Liplatelete li bohlokoa molemong oa sebopeho sa polatelete nakong ea karabelo e tloaelehileng ea ts'enyo ea methapo. Ha liplatelete li le sieo, mali a mangata a ka tsoa methapong e menyenyane, e ka fokotsang boemo ba bophelo ba motho.


Mosebetsi oa platelet o ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e meraro e meholo, e leng ho itšoarella, ho kopanya le ho lokolla le ho lumellanoa ke lintlha tse hlahisitsoeng ke liplatelete nakong ea ts'ebetso, hammoho le lintlha tse ling tse hlahisoang ke mali le 'mele. Ha kotsi e le teng, liplatelete li kenella sebakeng sa kotsi ho thibela ho tsoa mali a mangata.

Sebakeng sa kotsi, ho na le tšebelisano e ikhethang lipakeng tsa platelet le lebota la sele, ts'ebetso ea khokahano, le tšebelisano lipakeng tsa platelet le platelet (mokhoa oa ho kopanya), tse lumellanang le taba ea hore Von Willebrand e ka fumaneha kahare ho liplatelete. Ntle le tokollo ea Von Willebrand factor, ho na le tlhahiso le ts'ebetso ea lintlha tse ling le liprotheine tse amanang le ts'ebetso ea ho hoama ha mali.

Sesebelisoa sa Von Willebrand se fumanehang ka liplatelete hangata se amahanngoa le factor VIII ea coagulation, e bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea factor X le ho ntšetsa pele phallo ea coagulation, e hlahisang tlhahiso ea fibrin, e lumellanang le polaka ea bobeli ea hemostatic.


Litekanyetso tsa litšupiso

Hore phallo ea coagulation le polatelet plug form form li etsahale hantle, palo ea liplatelete maling e tlameha ho ba lipakeng tsa 150,000 le 450,000 / mm³ ea mali. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le maemo a mang a ka etsang hore palo ea liplatelete e fokotsehe kapa e eketsehe maling.

Thrombocytosis, e tsamaellanang le keketseho ea palo ea liplatelete, hangata ha e hlahise matšoao, e bonoang ka ts'ebetso ea palo ea mali. Keketseho ea palo ea liplatelete hangata e amana le liphetoho mokong oa masapo, mafu a myeloproliferative, hemolytic anemias le kamora lits'ebetso tsa ho buoa, ka mohlala, kaha ho na le teko ea 'mele ea ho thibela ho tsoa mali ho hoholo. Ithute ka lisosa tse ling tsa kholo ea platelet.

Thrombocytopenia e khetholloa ke ho fokotseha ha liplatelete tse ka bang teng ka lebaka la mafu a itšireletsang mafung, maloetse a tšoaetsanoang, khaello ea phepo ea tšepe, folic acid kapa vithamine B12 le mathata a amanang le mathata a spleen, mohlala. Ho fokotseha ha palo ea liplatelete ho ka bonoa ke matšoao a mang, joalo ka boteng ba ho tsoa mali ka nkong le mareneneng, phallo e eketsehileng ea ho ilela khoeli, boteng ba mabala a pherese letlalong le boteng ba mali ka morong, mohlala. Ithute tsohle ka thrombocytopenia.


Mokhoa oa ho eketsa liplatelete

E 'ngoe ea mekhoa e meng e ka eketsoang ho eketsa tlhahiso ea liplatelete ke ka phetoho ea li-hormone ea thrombopoietin, hobane hormone ena e ikarabella bakeng sa ho hlasimolla tlhahiso ea likhechana tsena tsa lisele. Leha ho le joalo, hormone ena ha e fumanehe bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea bongaka, leha ho le joalo ho na le lithethefatsi tse etsisang ts'ebetso ea hormone ena, e khona ho eketsa tlhahiso ea liplatelete matsatsi a 6 kamora ho qala kalafo, joalo ka Romiplostim le Eltrombopag, e lokelang ho sebelisoa ho latela likeletso tsa bongaka.

Ts'ebeliso ea meriana, leha ho le joalo, e khothaletsoa feela kamora ho tseba sesosa sa ho fokotseha ha platelet, mme ho kanna ha hlokahala ho tlosa spleen, ts'ebeliso ea corticosteroids, lithibela-mafu, ho hloekisa mali kapa tšelo ea platelet. Ho bohlokoa hape ho ba le phepo e nepahetseng le e leka-lekaneng, e nang le lijo-thollo tse ngata, litholoana, meroho, meroho le nama e se nang mafura ho thusa nakong ea sebopeho sa lisele tsa mali le ho amohela pholo ea 'mele.

Ha monehelo oa platelet o bontšoa

Monehelo oa li-platelet o ka etsoa ke mang kapa mang ea boima bo fetang lik'hilograma tse 50 mme a phela hantle 'me a ikemiselitse ho thusa ho hlaphoheloa ha motho ea alafshoang ke kankere ea mali kapa mefuta e meng ea mofetše, batho ba fetisetsoang' moko oa masapo le ho buuoa pelo.

Monehelo oa platelet o ka etsoa ntle le kotsi ho mofani, hobane sebaka se kentsoeng ke 'mele se nka lihora tse ka bang 48,' me se etsoa ka pokello ea mali a felletseng ho mofani eo hanghang a kenang ts'ebetsong ea centrifugation, ho fihlela ho na le karohano ea likarolo tsa mali. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea centrifugation, liplatelete li aroloa ka mokotleng o khethehileng oa pokello, ha likarolo tse ling tsa mali li khutlela maling a mofani.

Ts'ebetso e nka metsotso e ka bang 90 mme tharollo ea anticoagulant e sebelisoa ts'ebetsong eohle ho thibela ho koaloa le ho boloka lisele tsa mali. Monehelo oa li-platelet o lumelloa feela bakeng sa basali ba e-so ka ba le moimana le bakeng sa batho ba e-so sebelise aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid kapa lithethefatsi tse seng li-hormone tse khahlanong le ho ruruha matsatsing a 3 pele ho monehelo.

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