Ma-Neurotransmitter a thabisang

Litaba

• Li-neurotransmitters
• Li-neurotransmitters li sebetsa joang?
• Seo li-neurotransmitters li se etsang
• Li-neurotransmitters tse thabisang
• Acetylcholine
• Epinephrine
• Tlatsa
• Histamine
• Dopamine
• Li-neurotransmitters tse ling
• Norepinephrine
• Asiti ea gamma-aminobutyric
• Serotonin
• Mathata a amanang le li-neurotransmitters
• Tsa Tsau-tsau

Li-neurotransmitters

Li-neurotransmitters li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa puisanong ea methapo. Ke man messengersosa a lik'hemik'hale a tsamaisang melaetsa lipakeng tsa lisele tsa methapo ea kutlo (lisele tsa methapo ea kutlo) le lisele tse ling 'meleng oa hau, tse susumetsang ntho e ngoe le e ngoe ho tloha maikutlong ho isa ho metsamao e sa ithaopeng. Ts'ebetso ena ka kakaretso e bitsoa phetiso ea methapo ea kutlo kapa phetisetso ea synaptic.

Ka ho khetheha, li-neurotransmitters tse nyarosang li na le litlamorao tse khahlisang ho neuron. Sena se bolela hore ba eketsa menyetla ea hore neuron e chese letšoao le bitsoang ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ho neuron e amohelang.

Li-neurotransmitters li ka sebetsa ka litsela tse ka tsejoang esale pele, empa li ka angoa ke lithethefatsi, mafu le ho sebelisana le man messengersosa a mang a lik'hemik'hale.

Li-neurotransmitters li sebetsa joang?

Ho romela melaetsa 'meleng oohle, methapo ea kutlo e hloka ho fetisa melaetsa ho buisana. Empa ha ho na kamano ea 'mele le e mong, e mpa e le lekhalo le lenyenyane feela. Kopano ena e pakeng tsa lisele tse peli tsa methapo e bitsoa synapse.

Ho buisana le sele e latelang, neuron e romella lets'oao ho synapse ka ho hasana ha neurotransmitter.

Seo li-neurotransmitters li se etsang

Li-neurotransmitters li ama li-neuron ka e 'ngoe ea litsela tse tharo: e ka ba tse nyarosang, tse thibelang kapa tse ka fetolang maikutlo. Mochini o fetisang ka mokhoa o hlasimollang o hlahisa lets'oao le bitsoang ntho e ka bang teng ho neuron e amohelang. Mochini o thibelang ho thibela tšoaetso oa e thibela. Li-Neuromodulators li laola lihlopha tsa li-neuron.

1. Li-neurotransmitters tse thabisang ho ba le litlamorao tse khahlisang ho neuron. Sena se bolela hore ba eketsa menyetla ea hore neuron e chese bokhoni ba ketso.
2. Li-neurotransmitters tse thibelang li na le litlamorao tse thibelang neuron. Sena se bolela hore ba fokotsa menyetla ea hore neuron e chese ketso.
3. Modulatory li-neurotransmitters e ka ama li-neuron tse 'maloa ka nako e le ngoe mme ea susumetsa litlamorao tsa man messengersosa a mang a lik'hemik'hale.

Li-neurotransmitters tse ling, tse kang dopamine, ho latela li-receptor tse teng, li baka litlamorao tse khahlisang le tse thibelang matla.

Li-neurotransmitters tse thabisang

Mefuta e tloaelehileng haholo le e utloisisoang ka ho hlaka ea li-neurotransmitters tse thabisang e kenyelletsa:

Acetylcholine

Ena ke methapo ea kutlo e nyarosang e fumanoang tsamaisong eohle ea methapo. O mong oa mesebetsi ea oona e mengata ke ho hlasimolla mesifa, ho kenyelletsa le ea tsamaiso ea meno le tsamaiso ea methapo e ikemetseng.

Na u tloaelane le liente tsa Botox tsa litlolo? Li sebelisetsoa ho felisa litlhaka ka ho holofatsa mesifa e itseng ka nakoana. Ts'ebetso ena e sebelisa chefo ea botulinum ho tsitsisa mesifa sebakeng sa eona ka ho thibela methapo ea kutlo e sebakeng seo ho lokolla acetylcholine.

Epinephrine

Epinephrine e boetse e bitsoa adrenaline, ke neurotransmitter e khahlisang e hlahisoang ke litšoelesa tsa adrenal. E tsoa maling ho lokisetsa 'mele oa hau maemo a kotsi ka ho eketsa lebelo la pelo, khatello ea mali le tlhahiso ea tsoekere.

Na u tseba karabelo ea ho loana kapa ho fofa? Adrenaline e thusa litsamaiso tsa hau tsa methapo le tsa endocrine ho itokisetsa maemo a feteletseng moo o ka nkang qeto ea ho loana kapa ho fofa.

Tlatsa

Ena ke methapo ea kutlo e atileng haholo tsamaisong ea methapo. Ke methapo ea kutlo e nyarosang 'me hangata e netefatsa botsitso le litlamorao tsa gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), methapo ea kutlo e thibelang methapo.

Histamine

Ena ke methapo ea kutlo e nyarosang haholo-holo e amehang likarabong tsa ho ruruha, vasodilation, le taolong ea karabelo ea hau ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ho' mele ea kantle ho naha e kang allergen.

Dopamine

Dopamine e na le litlamorao tse khahlisang le tse thibelang. E amahanngoa le mekhoa ea moputso bokong.

Lithethefatsi tse kang k'hok'heine, heroine le joala li ka eketsa maemo a tsona maling ka nakoana. Keketseho ena e ka lebisa ho lisele tsa methapo tse thunyang ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang tse ka lebisang ho tahi hammoho le tsebo le tsepamiso ea maikutlo.

Sephiri se tloaelehileng sa dopamine maling a hao a mali se ka kenya letsoho tšusumetsong.

Li-neurotransmitters tse ling

Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine ke eona methapo ea kutlo ea mantlha tsamaisong ea methapo e nang le kutloelo-bohloko moo e sebetsang ho laola ho otla ha pelo, khatello ea mali, ts'ebetso ea sebete le mesebetsi e meng.

Asiti ea gamma-aminobutyric

E tsejoang hape e le GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid ke methapo ea kutlo e thibelang methapo e sebetsang e le brake ho li-neurotransmitters tse nyarosang. GABA e ajoa ka bongata bokong mme e na le karolo ea bohlokoa ho fokotsa thabo ea methapo ea kutlo ho pholletsa le sistimi ea methapo.

Serotonin

Serotonin ke methapo ea kutlo e thibelang methapo e amehang maikutlong le maikutlong, e leka-lekanya litlamorao tse fetelletseng tsa methapo ea kutlo bokong ba hau. Serotonin e boetse e laola lits'ebetso, joalo ka potoloho ea boroko, litakatso tsa lik'habohaedreite, tšilo ea lijo le taolo ea bohloko.

Mathata a amanang le li-neurotransmitters

Li-neurotransmitters tse ngata li amahanngoa le mathata a mangata.

• Lefu la Alzheimer le 'nile la amahanngoa le ho haella ha acetylcholine le libakeng tse ling tsa boko.
• Schizophrenia e hokahantsoe le bongata bo feteletseng ba dopamine tseleng ea mesolimbic ea boko.
• Lefu la Parkinson le 'nile la amahanngoa le dopamine e fokolang haholo libakeng tsa likoloi tsa boko.
• Lefu la sethoathoa le Huntington le 'nile la amahanngoa le ho theola GABA bokong.
• Mathata a maikutlo a joalo ka matšoenyeho a hokahane le.
• Mathata a maikutlo a joalo ka khatello ea maikutlo, ho tšoenyeha le ho senyeha ha boroko ho hokahane le (norepinephrine) le li-neurotransmitters tse ling.

Tsa Tsau-tsau

Ho na le limolek'hule tse limilione tse likete tsa methapo ea kutlo tse sebetsang khafetsa ho boloka boko ba hau bo sebetsa le ho laola ntho e ngoe le e ngoe ho tloha phefumolohong ea hau ho isa ho otla ha pelo ho fihlela bokhoni ba hau ba ho tsepamisa mohopolo.

Ho utloisisa tsela eo lisele tsa methapo li buisanang ka eona, le hore na ho eketseha le ho fokotseha ha methapo ea kutlo ho ama bophelo ba rona ba 'mele le kelello joang, ho thusa bafuputsi le lingaka ho fumana litsela tsa ho re thabisa le ho re phelisa hantle.