Sengoli: Roger Morrison
Letsatsi La Creation: 20 September 2021
Ntlafatsa Letsatsi: 19 December 2024
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Litaba

Chemotherapy ke mofuta oa kalafo o sebelisang lithethefatsi tse khonang ho felisa kapa ho thibela kholo ea lisele tsa mofetše. Lithethefatsi tsena, tse ka nooang ka molomo kapa ka ente, li tsamaisoa ka phallo ea mali ho ea likarolong tsohle tsa 'mele' me li qetella li sa fihle ho lisele tsa mofets'e feela, empa le lisele tse phetseng hantle 'meleng, haholo tse atang khafetsa joalo ka tsa tšebetso ea tšilo ea lijo, methapo ea moriri le mali.

Kahoo, ho tloaelehile hore litla-morao li hlahe ho batho ba tšoaroang ke mofuta ona oa kalafo, joalo ka ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho hlatsa, ho lahleheloa ke moriri, bofokoli, phokolo ea mali, ho sokela, letshollo kapa likotsi tsa molomo, mohlala, tse atisang ho nka matsatsi, libeke kapa likhoeli. Leha ho le joalo, ha se chemotherapies kaofela e ts'oanang, ka mefuta e fapaneng ea meriana e sebelisitsoeng, e ka bakang litlamorao tse ngata mmeleng.

Mofuta oa moriana o khethoa ke oncologist, kamora ho lekola mofuta oa mofets'e, sethala sa lefu lena le maemo a bongaka a motho ka mong, mme mehlala e meng e kenyelletsa lithethefatsi tse kang Cyclophosphamide, Docetaxel kapa Doxorubicin, eo ba bangata ba ka e tsebang e le chemotherapy e tšoeu. kapa chemotherapy e khubelu, ka mohlala, le eo re tla e hlalosa ho ea tlase mona.


Litla-morao tse kholo

Litla-morao tsa chemotherapy li ipapisitse le mofuta oa meriana, tekanyetso e sebelisitsoeng le karabelo ea 'mele oa motho e mong le e mong,' me maemong a mangata li nka matsatsi a 'maloa kapa libeke, li nyamela ha potoloho ea kalafo e fela. Tse ling tsa litla-morao tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa:

  • Ho lahleheloa ke moriri le moriri o mong oa 'mele;
  • Ho nyekeloa le ho hlatsa;
  • Botsoa le bofokoli;
  • Ho patoa kapa letšollo le khase e feteletseng;
  • Ho hloka takatso ea lijo;
  • Liso tsa molomo;
  • Liphetoho khoeling;
  • Lipekere tse robehileng le tse lefifi;
  • Matlalo kapa liphetoho mmala oa letlalo;
  • Ho tsoa mali;
  • Matšoao a iphetang;
  • Khaello ea mali;
  • Ho fokotsa takatso ea thobalano;
  • Matšoenyeho le maikutlo a fetoha, joalo ka ho hlonama, ho nyahama le ho teneha kapele.

Ntle le tsena, ho a khonahala ho ba le litla-morao tsa nako e telele tsa chemotherapy, tse ka tšoarellang likhoeli, lilemo kapa tse sa feleng, joalo ka liphetoho lithong tsa ho ikatisa, liphetoho lipelong, matšoafong, sebeteng le tsamaisong ea methapo, mohlala, empa ho bohlokoa hopola hore litla-morao ha li bonahale ka tsela e ts'oanang ho bakuli bohle.


Khemotherapy e etsoa joang

Ho etsa chemotherapy ho na le mefuta e fetang 100 ea lithethefatsi tse sebelisoang, ebang ke letlapeng, ka molomo, kapa ka liente, tse ka bang ka methapong, ka hare, ka tlasa letlalo le kahare ho lesapo la mokokotlo, mohlala. Ntle le moo, ho nolofatsa litekanyo mothapong, ho ka kenngoa catheter, e bitsoang intracath, e kentsoeng letlalong mme e thibela ho longoa khafetsa.

Ho latela mofuta oa meriana ea kalafo ea mofetše, litekanyetso li ka ba letsatsi le letsatsi, beke le beke kapa libeke tse 2 ho isa ho tse 3, mohlala. Kalafo ena hangata e etsoa ka lipotoloho, tse atisang ho nka libeke tse 'maloa, ebe ho latela nako ea phomolo ho lumella' mele ho fola le ho etsa liteko tse ling.

Phapang lipakeng tsa chemotherapy e tšoeu le e khubelu

Hangata, batho ba bang ba bua ka phapang lipakeng tsa chemotherapy e tšoeu le e khubelu, ho latela 'mala oa sethethefatsi. Leha ho le joalo, phapang ena ha ea lekana, kaha ho na le mefuta e mengata ea lithethefatsi tse sebelisetsoang chemotherapy, e ke keng ea khethoa ke 'mala feela.


Ka kakaretso, joalo ka mohlala oa chemotherapy e tšoeu, ho na le sehlopha sa litlhare tse bitsoang taxanes, joalo ka Paclitaxel kapa Docetaxel, tse sebelisetsoang ho alafa mefuta e fapaneng ea mofets'e, joalo ka mofets'e oa matsoele kapa oa matšoafo, mme e baka ho ruruha joalo ka litlamorao tse tloaelehileng. Lera la 'mele le ho fokotseha ha lisele tsa' mele tsa ho itšireletsa.

E le mohlala oa chemotherapy e khubelu, re ka bua ka sehlopha sa Anthracyclines, joalo ka Doxorubicin le Epirubicin, e neng e sebelisoa ho phekola mefuta e fapaneng ea mofets'e ho batho ba baholo le bana, joalo ka leukemias e matla, mofetše oa matsoele, mae a bomme, liphio le qoqotho, mohlala, 'me tse ling tsa litla-morao tse bakoang ke ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho lahleheloa ke moriri, bohloko ba mpeng, hammoho le ho ba chefo pelong.

Chemotherapy Lipotso Tse Atisang ho Botsoa

Ho phethahala ha chemotherapy ho ka tlisa lipelaelo le lipelaelo tse ngata. Re leka ho hlakisa, mona, tse ling tsa tse tloaelehileng haholo:

1. Ke mofuta ofe oa chemotherapy oo ke tla ba le oona?

Ho na le melaoana e mengata kapa li-chemotherapy regimens, tse laetsoeng ke oncologist ho latela mofuta oa mofets'e, ho tiea kapa boemo ba lefu lena le maemo a bongaka a motho ka mong. Hona le merero e etsoang ka lipotoloho letsatsi le letsatsi, beke le beke kapa libeke tse ling le tse ling tse peli kapa tse tharo.

Ntle le moo, ho bohlokoa ho hopola hore ho na le liphekolo tse ling tse ka amanang le chemotherapy, joalo ka ts'ebetso ea ho tlosoa ha hlahala, kapa kalafo ea radiation, lits'ebetso tse sebelisang radiation e hlahisoang ke sesebelisoa ho felisa kapa ho fokotsa boholo ba hlahala.

Kahoo, chemotherapy le eona e ka aroloa pakeng tsa:

  • Pholiso, ha e le eona feela e khona ho phekola mofetše;
  • Adjuvant kapa Neoadjuvant, ha e etsoa pele kapa kamora 'opereishene ho tlosa hlahala kapa radiotherapy, e le tsela ea ho tlatselletsa kalafo le ho batla ho felisa hlahala ka katleho;
  • Palliative, ha e na morero oa ho folisa, empa e sebetsa e le mokhoa oa ho lelefatsa bophelo kapa ho ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo ba motho ea nang le mofetše.

Ho bohlokoa ho hopola hore batho bohle ba leng tlasa kalafo ea mofets'e, ho kenyeletsoa le ba ke keng ba hlola ba fumana pheko, ba tšoaneloa ke kalafo hore ba be le bophelo bo nang le seriti, bo kenyeletsang taolo ea matšoao a mmele, a kelello le a kahisano. ho tlatselletsa liketsong tse ling. Kalafo ena ea bohlokoahali e bitsoa tlhokomelo ea ho folisa, ithute haholoanyane ka eona ho tlhokomelo ea kalafo le hore na ke mang ea lokelang ho e fuoa.

2. Na moriri oa ka o tla lula o tima?

Ha ho na ho lula ho e-na le ho lahleheloa ke moriri le moriri, hobane ho latela mofuta oa chemotherapy e sebelisitsoeng, leha ho le joalo, ke litlamorao tse tloaelehileng haholo. Ka kakaretso, ho lahleheloa ke moriri ho etsahala libeke tse 2 ho isa ho tse 3 kamora ho qala kalafo, mme hangata ho etsahala hanyane ka hanyane kapa liloko.

Ho a khonahala ho fokotsa ts'ebetso ena ka ts'ebeliso ea cap, ea mocheso ho pholisa letlalo la hlooho, kaha mokhoa ona o ka fokotsa phallo ea mali ho ea methapong ea moriri, mme ea fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea meriana sebakeng sena. Ntle le moo, ho lula ho khona ho roala katiba, sekarefo kapa wig e thusang ho hlola mathata a ho ba lefatla.

Ho bohlokoa hape ho hopola hore moriri oa khutla kamora pheko.

3. Na ke tla utloa bohloko?

Chemotherapy hangata ha e bake bohloko, ntle le ho se utloise bohloko ho bakoang ke ho longoa kapa ho chesa ha u sebelisa sehlahisoa. Bohloko bo feteletseng kapa ho cha ha hoa lokela ho etsahala, kahoo ho bohlokoa ho tsebisa ngaka kapa mooki haeba sena se etsahala.

4. Na lijo tsa ka li tla fetoha?

Ho khothalletsoa hore mokuli ea kenang chemotherapy a khethe lijo tse nang le litholoana, meroho, nama, tlhapi, mahe, lipeo le lithollo tse felletseng, a khetha lijo tsa tlhaho ho feta lijo tse tsoetseng pele le tse nang le manyolo, kaha ha a na litlatsetso tsa lik'hemik'hale.

Meroho e lokela ho hlatsuoa hantle le ho bolaoa ka likokoana-hloko, 'me maemong a mang moo ho nang le lerotholi le fetelletseng la boits'ireletso ngaka e tla khona ho khothaletsa ho se je lijo tse tala ka nako e itseng.

Ho feta moo, hoa hlokahala ho qoba lijo tse nang le mafura le tsoekere kapele pele kapa kamora 'kalafo, kaha ho nyekeloa ke pelo le ho hlatsa ho etsahala khafetsa,' me ho fokotsa matšoao ana ngaka e ka khothaletsa ts'ebeliso ea litlhare, joalo ka Metoclopramide. Bona malebela a mang mabapi le lijo ka seo u ka se jang ho fokotsa litla-morao tsa chemotherapy.

5. Na ke tla khona ho boloka bophelo bo haufi-ufi?

Ho ka etsahala hore ho be le liphetoho bophelong bo haufi-ufi, kaha ho ka ba le ho fokotseha ha takatso ea thobalano le ho fokotseha ha maikutlo, empa ha ho na litemoso tsa kamano e haufi.

Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa haholo ho hopola ts'ebeliso ea likhohlopo ho qoba eseng feela mafu a tšoaetsanoang ka thobalano nakong ena, empa haholo ho qoba ho ima, hobane chemotherapy e ka baka liphetoho kholong ea ngoana.

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