Ioronavirus

Li-Coronaviruses ke lelapa la livaerase. Ho tšoaetsoa ke likokoana-hloko tsena ho ka baka mafu a phefumolohang a bobebe ho isa ho a itekanetseng, joalo ka sefuba. Li-coronavirus tse ling li baka mafu a matla a ka lebisang pneumonia, esita le lefu.

Ho na le li-coronavirus tse ngata tse fapaneng. Li ama batho le liphoofolo. Likokoana-hloko tse tloaelehileng tsa batho li baka mafu a bobebe ho isa ho a itekanetseng, joalo ka sefuba.

Liphoofolo tse ling tsa coronaviruses li fetoha (mutate) 'me li fetisoa ho tloha liphoofolong ho ea bathong. E kanna ea hasana ka puisano ea motho le motho. Likokoana-hloko tse jalang ho tloha liphoofolong ho ea bathong ka linako tse ling li ka baka bokuli bo matla haholo

• Lefu le matla la ho hema (SARS) ke mofuta o matla oa pneumonia. E bakwa ke SARS-CoV coronavirus. Ha ho linyeoe ho batho tse tlalehiloeng ho tloha 2004.
• Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) ke lefu le matla la ho hema. MERS e bakoa ke coronavirus ea MERS-CoV. Batho ba ka bang 30% ba fumaneng bokuli bona ba hlokahetse. Batho ba bang ba na le matšoao a bobebe. MERS e ntse e tsoela pele ho baka mafu ho batho, haholoholo Hloahloeng ea Arabia.
• COVID-19 - Tlhahisoleseling ka COVID-19 e fumaneha ho tsoa Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Mafu.
• COVID-19 ke bokuli ba ho hema bo bakang feberu, ho khohlela le ho hema hanyane. E bakoa ke vaerase ea SARS-CoV-2 (lefu le matla la ho hema le bohloko coronavirus 2). COVID-19 e ka baka mafu a bobebe ho isa ho a tebileng esita le lefu. COVID-19 ke tšokelo e tebileng ea bophelo bo botle ba sechaba lefatšeng ka bophara le United States.

Li-coronaviruses tse ngata li tsoa ho bo-'mankhane, ba ka tšoaetsang liphoofolo tse ling. SARS-CoV e hasana ho tloha likatse tsa civet, ha MERS-CoV e hasana ho tloha likamele. SARS-CoV-2 ya moraorao le yona e belaelwa hore e tswa diphoofolong. E tsoa lelapeng le le leng la livaerase joaloka SARS-CoV, ke ka hona li nang le mabitso a tšoanang. Ho na le li-coronavirus tse ling tse ngata tse potolohang liphoofolong, empa ha lia fetela bathong.

Hang ha motho a tšoaelitsoe ke coronavirus, tšoaetso e ka fetela ho motho ea phetseng hantle (phetisetso ea motho le motho). U ka fumana ts'oaetso ea coronavirus ha:

• Motho ea nang le tšoaetso oa ithimola, oa khohlela kapa o foka linko haufi le uena ebe o ntšetsa vaerase moeeng (tšoaetso ea marotholi)
• U ama nko, mahlo kapa molomo ka mor'a hore u ame ntho e silafalitsoeng ke vaerase, joalo ka sebapalisoa kapa senotlolo sa monyako
• U ama motho ea tšoaelitsoeng, ua mo haka, ua mo tšoara ka letsoho kapa ua mo aka
• U ja kapa u noa lijana tse tšoanang le tseo motho ea nang le tšoaetso a li sebelisang

Likokoana-hloko tsa motho tse bakang sefuba se tloaelehileng se hasana ho tloha ho motho ho ea ho motho. Matšoao a hlaha matsatsing a 2 ho isa ho a 14. Tsena li kenyelletsa:

• Nko ea metsi
• Metso o bohloko
• Ho thimola
• Ho ferekana ka nko
• Feberu e nang le ho bata
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho
• Ho opeloa ke 'mele
• Khohlela

Ho pepesetsoa MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, le SARS-CoV-2 ho ka baka matšoao a matla. Tsena li kenyelletsa:

• Ho nyekeloa le ho hlatsa
• Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane
• Letšollo
• Mali a khohlela
• Lefu

Tšoaetso e matla ea coronavirus e ka baka:

• Croup
• Nyomonea
• Bronchiolitis
• Bronchitis

Matšoao a ka ba matla ho batho ba itseng:

• Bana
• Batho ba baholo
• Batho ba nang le maemo a sa foleng a kang lefu la tsoekere, mofetše, mafu a sa foleng a liphio, mafu a pelo
• Batho ba nang le mafu a phefumolohang a kang asthma kapa COPD

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka nka mehlala ea tse latelang ho etsa liteko tsa laboratori:

• Tloaelo ea sekhohlela
• Nasal swab (ho tloha linkong)
• Swab ea 'metso
• Liteko tsa mali

Mehlala ea setulo le moroto le tsona li ka nkuoa maemong a mang.

U kanna ua hloka liteko tse ling haeba ts'oaetso ea hau e bakoa ke mofuta o matla oa coronavirus. Liteko tsena li ka kenyelletsa:

• Liteko tsa k'hemistri ea mali
• X-ray sefubeng kapa sefuba CT scan
• Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC)
• Teko ea Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ea coronavirus

Liteko tsa tlhahlobo li kanna tsa se fumanehe bakeng sa mefuta eohle ea coronavirus.

Ho fihlela joale ha ho na kalafo e ikhethang bakeng sa ts'oaetso ea coronavirus. Meriana e fuoa feela ho nolofatsa matšoao a hau. Kalafo ea liteko ka linako tse ling e sebelisoa maemong a boima.

Matšoao a bonolo a coronavirus, joalo ka sefuba, a tla fela ka matsatsi a 'maloa ka phomolo le tlhokomelo ea lapeng.

Haeba u belaelloa hore u na le ts'oaetso e matla ea coronavirus, u ka:

• U tlameha ho apara mask
• Lula ka kamoreng e ka thōko kapa ICU bakeng sa kalafo

Kalafo ea tšoaetso e matla e ka kenyelletsa:

• Lithibela-mafu, haeba le uena u na le pneumonia ea baktheria
• Meriana e loantšang likokoana-hloko
• Li-steroid
• Oxyjene, tšehetso ea ho hema (mechini e kenang moeeng), kapa kalafo ea sefuba

Lefuba le tloaelehileng ka lebaka la coronavirus hangata le rarolla le le leng. Matšoao a matla a coronavirus a ka hloka ho kena sepetlele le tšehetso ea ho hema. Hangata, mafu a mang a matla a coronavirus a ka lebisa lefung, haholo ho batho ba baholo, bana kapa batho ba nang le maemo a sa foleng.

Ts'oaetso ea Coronavirus e ka lebisa ho bronchitis kapa pneumonia. Mefuta e meng e matla e ka baka ho hloleha ha setho, esita le lefu.

Ikopanye le mofani oa hau haeba u na le:

• Kopana le motho ea nang le ts'oaetso e matla ea coronavirus
• Ho etela sebakeng se nang le ts'oaetso ea ts'oaetso ea coronavirus mme o na le matšoao a batang a tloaelehileng, ho hema hanyane, ho nyekeloa ke pelo kapa letshollo

Latela mehato ena ho fokotsa menyetla ea tšoaetso:

• Qoba ho ikopanya le batho ba nang le ts'oaetso ea coronavirus.
• Qoba ho ea libakeng tse nang le ts'oaetso ea ts'oaetso ea coronavirus.
• Hlatsoa matsoho hantle kapa u a hlatsoe ka setlolo se hloekisang matsoho se nang le joala.
• Koahela molomo le nko ka lesela kapa sleeve (eseng matsoho) ha u thimola kapa u khohlela, 'me u lahle mahlaseli ao.
• Se ke oa arolelana lijo, lino kapa lisebelisoa.
• Hloekisa libaka tse atisang ho angoa ka sebolaya-mafu.

Ho na le liente tse ka thusang ho thibela COVID-19. Ikopanye le lefapha la bophelo bo botle la lehae ho tseba ka ho fumaneha sebakeng sa heno. Tlhahisoleseling mabapi le liente tsa COVID-19 e fumaneha ho tsoa Setsing sa Taolo le Thibelo ea Mafu www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html.

Haeba u ntse u etela, bua le mofani oa litšebeletso ka:

• Ho ba morao-rao ka liente
• Ho jara meriana

Coronavirus - SARS; Coronavirus - 2019-nCoV; Coronavirus (COVID-19; Coronavirus - lefu le matla la ho hema; Coronavirus - lefu la phefumoloho la Middle East; Coronavirus - MERS (MERS) ke eng?

• Ioronavirus
• Nyomonea
• Matšoao a batang
• Tsamaiso ea phefumoloho
• Karolo e kaholimo ea phefumoloho
• Tsela e tlase ea phefumoloho

Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. Coronavirus (COVID-19). www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html. E fihliloe ka la 16 Hlakubele 2020.

Gerber SI, Watson JT. Di-coronavirus. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 342.

Perlman S, McIntosh K. Coronaviruses, ho kenyelletsa lefu le matla la ho hema (SARS) le lefu la ho hema la Middle East (MERS). Ka: Benett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ bahlophisi. Mandell, Douglas, le Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 155.

Webosaete ea Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo. Ioronavirus. www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1. E fihlile ka la 16 March, 2020.