Osteonecrosis

Osteonecrosis ke lefu la masapo le bakoang ke phepelo e mpe ea mali. E atile haholo lethekeng le mahetleng, empa e ka ama manonyeletso a mang a maholo joalo ka lengole, setsoe, letsoho le leqaqailaneng.

Osteonecrosis e hlaha ha karolo ea lesapo e sa fumane mali mme e shoa. Kamora nakwana, lesapo le ka wa. Haeba lefu la osteonecrosis le sa alafshoe, lenonyeletso le ea senyeha, e leng se lebisang ho ramatiki e matla.

Osteonecrosis e ka bakoa ke mafu kapa ke ts'oaetso e matla, joalo ka ho robeha kapa ho senyeha, ho amang phepelo ea mali masapong. Osteonecrosis e ka hlaha ntle le ts'itiso kapa mafu. Sena se bitsoa idiopathic - ho bolelang hore se etsahala ntle le lebaka le tsebahalang.

Lisosa tse latelang e ka ba lisosa:

• Ho sebelisa li-steroids tsa molomo kapa tse kenang methapong
• Ho sebelisa joala haholo
• Boloetse ba sele
• Ho qhalana kapa ho robeha ha mmele ho potoloha lenonyeletso
• Mathata a ho koala
• HIV kapa ho noa meriana ea HIV
• Phekolo ea radiation kapa chemotherapy
• Lefu la Gaucher (lefu leo ​​ho lona ntho e kotsi e hahang lithong tse itseng le masapong)
• Systemic lupus erythematosus (lefu le itšireletsang mafung leo ho lona sesole sa 'mele sa' mele se hlaselang lisele tse phetseng hantle ka phoso joalo ka lesapo)
• Legg-Calve-Perthes lefu (lefu la bongoana moo lesapo la serope lethekeng le sa fumaneng mali a lekaneng, le etsang hore lesapo le shoe)
• Ho tepella maikutlo ho tsoa botebong ba leoatle bo tebileng

Ha osteonecrosis e hlaha lehetleng la mahetla, hangata e bakoa ke kalafo ea nako e telele ka li-steroid, nalane ea bohloko bo mahetleng, kapa motho o na le lefu la sele ea sickle.

Ha ho na matšoao matsatsing a pele. Ha tšenyo ea masapo e ntse e mpefala, o ka ba le matšoao a latelang:

• Bohloko ba lenonyeletso bo ka nyolohang ha nako e ntse e ea mme bo ba boima haeba lesapo le ka putlama
• Bohloko bo etsahalang le phomolong
• Mehato e lekanyelitsoeng ea motsamao
• Bohloko ba 'mele, haeba setho sa letheka se ameha
• Ho hlotsa, haeba boemo bo hlaha leotong
• Bothata ba ho sisinyeha ha hlooho, haeba motsoako oa mahetla o amehile

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele ho fumana hore na o na le mafu kapa maemo a ka amang masapo a hau. U tla botsoa ka matšoao a hau le nalane ea bongaka.

Etsa bonnete ba hore o tsebisa mofani oa hau ka meriana kapa li-supplement tsa vithamine tseo u li nkang, esita le meriana e rekisoang.

Kamora tlhahlobo, mofani oa hau o tla odara e le 'ngoe kapa tse' maloa tsa liteko tse latelang:

• X-ray
• MRI
• Ho hlahloba lesapo
• CT scan

Haeba mofani oa hau a tseba sesosa sa lefu la osteonecrosis, karolo ea kalafo e tla shebisoa ho boemo bo ka tlase. Mohlala, haeba ke sesosa sa bothata ba ho hoama ha mali, kalafo e tla ba karolo ea moriana o qhalang mali.

Haeba boemo bo tšoaroa kapele, o tla fokotsa bohloko le ho fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea sebaka se amehileng. Sena se ka kenyelletsa ho sebelisa lithupa haeba letheka, lengole, kapa leqaqailana le amehile. U kanna ua hloka ho etsa boikoetliso ba mefuta-futa. Kalafo ea maiketsetso hangata e ka liehisa kholo ea lefu la masapo, empa batho ba bangata ba tla hloka ho buuoa.

Khetho ea ho buoa e kenyelletsa:

• Ho hlomathisoa ha masapo
• Ho momahana ha masapo hammoho le phepelo ea mali (vascularized bone graft)
• Ho tlosa karolo e kahare ea lesapo (decompression ea mantlha) ho imolla khatello le ho lumella methapo e mecha ea mali ho theha
• Ho khaola lesapo le ho fetola tatellano ea lona ho imolla khatello ea maikutlo lesapong kapa kopaneng (osteotomy)
• Kakaretso ea sebaka se kopaneng

U ka fumana tlhaiso-leseling e batsi le lisebelisoa tsa tšehetso mokhatlong o latelang:

• Setsi sa Naha sa Ramatiki le Mafu a Musculoskeletal le a Letlalo - www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteonecrosis
• Motheo oa Arthritis - www.arthritis.org

Hore na o sebetsa hantle hakae ho latela tse latelang:

• Sesosa sa osteonecrosis
• Lefu le bohloko hakae ha le fumanoa
• Palo ea lesapo e amehang
• Lilemo tsa hau le bophelo bo botle ka kakaretso

Phello e ka fapana ho ea ka pholiso e felletseng le tšenyo e sa feleng lesapong le amehileng.

Osteonecrosis e tsoetseng pele e ka lebisa ho osteoarthritis le ho fokotsa ho lula ho sa feleng. Linyeoe tse matla li ka hloka phetoho e kopanetsoeng.

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u e-na le matšoao.

Maemo a mangata a osteonecrosis ha a na sesosa se tsebahalang, ka hona thibelo e kanna ea se khonehe. Maemong a mang, o ka fokotsa menyetla ea hau ka ho etsa tse latelang:

• Qoba ho noa joala haholo.
• Ha ho khonahala, qoba litekanyetso tse phahameng le ts'ebeliso ea nako e telele ea li-corticosteroids.
• Latela mehato ea polokeho ha u qoela ho qoba maloetse a sithabetsang.

Necrosis ea Avascular; Infarction ea masapo; Ischemic bone bone; AVN; Aseptic necrosis

• Aseptic necrosis

McAlindon T, Lebatooa RJ. Osteonecrosis. Ho: Hochberg MC, Gravallese EM, Silman AJ, Smolen JS, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH, bahlophisi. Rheumatology. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 206.

MP ea Whyte. Osteonecrosis, osteosclerosis / hyperostosis, le mathata a mang a masapo. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 248.