Ho aha bocha hlooho le sefahleho

Ho aha bocha hlooho le sefahleho ke ts'ebetso ea ho lokisa kapa ho nchafatsa bofokoli ba hlooho le sefahleho (craniofacial).

Ho etsoa opereishene bakeng sa bofokoli ba hlooho le sefahleho (craniofacial reconstruction) ho latela mofuta le ho tiea ha bofokoli, le boemo ba motho. Polelo ea bongaka ea ts'ebetso ena ke ho aha bocha craniofacial.

Ho lokisa ho buoa ho kenyelletsa lehata (cranium), boko, methapo, mahlo le masapo le letlalo la sefahleho. Ke kahoo ka linako tse ling ngaka e buoang ea polasetiki (bakeng sa letlalo le sefahleho) le neurosurgeon (boko le methapo) li sebetsang hammoho. Lingaka tse buoang tsa hlooho le molala le tsona li etsa ts'ebetso ea ho aha bocha craniofacial.

Ho buuoa ho etsoa ha u ntse u robetse haholo 'me u se na bohloko (tlas'a anesthesia e akaretsang). Ho buuoa ho ka nka lihora tse 4 ho isa ho tse 12 kapa ho feta. Tse ling tsa masapo a sefahleho lia khaola ebe lia sisinyeha. Nakong ea ts'ebetso, lisele li a sisinyeha mme methapo ea mali le methapo e hokeloa hape ka mekhoa ea ho buoa ka microscopic.

Likotoana tsa masapo (lipolao tsa masapo) li ka nkuoa mankeng, likhopong, kapa lehateng ho tlatsa libaka moo masapo a sefahleho le hlooho a ileng a sisinyeha teng. Lisepa tse nyane le lipoleiti tse entsoeng ka thaethaniamo kapa sesebelisoa sa ho tiisa se entsoeng ka lintho tse monyang li ka sebelisoa ho boloka masapo. Lisebelisoa li ka sebelisoa. Mehlahare e ka kopanngoa hammoho ho boloka libaka tse ncha tsa masapo. Ho koahela masoba, mapheo a ka nkuoa letsohong, marameng, leboteng la sefuba kapa seropeng.

Ka linako tse ling ho buuoa ho baka ho ruruha ha sefahleho, molomo kapa molala, tse ka nkang libeke. Sena se ka thibela tsela ea moea. Bakeng sa sena, o kanna oa hloka ho ba le tracheostomy ea nakoana. Ena ke lesoba le lenyenyane le entsoeng molaleng oa hau leo ​​ka lona tube (endotracheal tube) e kenngoang tseleng ea moea (trachea). Sena se o nolofalletsa ho hema ha sefahleho sa hau le moea o kaholimo oa moea o ruruhile.

Ho aha bocha Craniofacial ho ka etsoa haeba ho na le:

• Liphoso tsa tlhaho ea bana le bofokoli bo tsoang maemong a kang lekhalo la molomo kapa lehalapa, craniosynostosis, Apert syndrome
• Ho holofala ho bakoang ke ho buuoa ho etsoang ho phekola lihlahala
• Likotsi tsa hlooho, sefahleho kapa mohlahare
• Lihlahala

Likotsi tsa anesthesia le ho buuoa ka kakaretso ke:

• Mathata a ho hema
• Liketso tsa meriana
• Ho tsoa mali, ho koala mali, tšoaetso

Likotsi tsa ho buuoa hlooho le sefahleho ke:

• Metsing (cranial nerve dysfunction) kapa tšenyo ea boko
• Tlhokahalo ea ho buuoa kamoso, haholoholo ho bana ba ntseng ba hola
• Ho lahleheloa ke karoloana kapa ho fella ha masapo a masapo
• Scaring e sa feleng

Mathata ana a atile haholo ho batho ba:

• Mosi
• E-ba le phepo e nepahetseng
• E-na le maemo a mang a bongaka, a kang lupus
• E-ba le phallo e ntle ea mali
• E-ba le tšenyo e fetileng ea methapo

U ka qeta matsatsi a mabeli pele u buuoa ka phapusing ea batho ba kulang haholo. Haeba o sena bothata, o tla tloha sepetlele pele ho beke e le 'ngoe. Pholiso e felletseng e ka nka libeke tse 6 kapa ho feta. Ho ruruha ho tla ntlafala likhoeling tse latelang.

Ponahalo e tloaelehileng haholo e ka lebelloa kamora ho buuoa. Batho ba bang ba hloka ho ba le lits'ebetso tsa tatellano nakong ea lilemo tse 1 ho isa ho tse 4 tse tlang.

Ho bohlokoa hore u se ke oa bapala lipapali tsa puisano likhoeli tse 2 ho isa ho tse 6 kamora ho buuoa.

Batho ba lemetseng hampe hangata ba hloka ho sebetsana le mathata a maikutlo le phetoho ea chebahalo ea bona. Bana le batho ba baholo ba lemetseng hampe ba kanna ba ba le khatello ea maikutlo ea morao-rao, khatello ea maikutlo le mathata a khatello ea maikutlo. Ho bua le setsebi sa bophelo bo botle ba kelello kapa ho kena sehlopheng sa ts'ehetso ho ka ba molemo.

Batsoali ba bana ba nang le bofokoli ba sefahleho hangata ba ikutloa ba le molato kapa ba hlajoa ke lihlong, haholo-holo ha liphoso li bakoa ke lefutso. Ha bana ba ntse ba hola le ho hlokomela chebahalo ea bona, matšoao a maikutlo a ka hlaha kapa a mpefala.

Ho aha bocha Craniofacial; Ho buuoa ka Orbital-craniofacial; Ho aha bocha sefahleho

• Lehata
• Lehata
• Ho lokisa melomo - ho hlahisa lihlooho
• Ho aha bocha Craniofacial - letoto la lihlooho tse

Baker SR. Ho aha bocha bofokoli ba sefahleho. Ka: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Phekolo ea Hlooho le Nko. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: khaolo ea 24.

McGrath MH, Pomerantz JH. Ho buuoa ka polasetiki. Ka: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: Motheo oa Biological oa Tloaelo ea Kajeno ea Thibelo. 20th, ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 68.