Histoplasmosis

Histoplasmosis ke tšoaetso e hlahang ka lebaka la ho hema likokoaneng tsa fungus Histoplasma capsulatum.

Histoplasmosis e etsahala lefats'eng lohle. United States, e atile haholo ka boroa-bochabela, bohareng ba Atlantic, le liprofinseng tse bohareng, haholo liphuleng tsa Mississippi le Ohio River.

Histoplasma fungus e hola joalo ka hlobo mobung. U kanna ua kula ha u hema likokoana-hloko tse hlahisoang ke fungus. Mobu o nang le mantle a linonyana kapa a mankhane o ka ba le bongata ba fungus ena. Tšokelo e kholo ka ho fetisisa kamora hore moaho oa khale o heletsoe, kapa mahaheng.

Ts'oaetso ena e ka hlaha ho batho ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo phetseng hantle. Empa, ho ba le sesole sa 'mele se fokolang ho eketsa menyetla ea ho fumana kapa ho nchafatsa lefu lena. Batho ba banyenyane haholo kapa ba tsofetseng haholo, kapa ba nang le HIV / AIDS, mofetše, kapa ho kenya setho sa 'mele ba na le matšoao a matla haholo.

Batho ba nang le lefu la matšoafo la nako e telele (le sa foleng) (joalo ka emphysema le bronchiectasis) le bona ba kotsing e kholo ea tšoaetso e matla.

Batho ba bangata ha ba na matšoao, kapa ba na le bokuli bo bobebe bo kang ba ntaramane.

Haeba matšoao a hlaha, a ka kenyelletsa:

• Feberu le ho bata
• Ho khohlela le sefuba ho mpefala ha o hema
• Bohloko bo kopaneng
• Liso tsa molomo
• Makukuno a letlalo le khubelu, hangata maotong a tlase

Tšoaetso e ka sebetsa nako e khuts'oane, ebe matšoao aa fela. Ka linako tse ling, tšoaetso ea matšoafo e ka ba e sa foleng. Matšoao a kenyelletsa:

• Bohloko ba sefuba le phefumoloho e khuts'oane
• Khohlela, mohlomong ho khohlela mali
• Feberu le mofufutso

Ho batho ba fokolang, haholo-holo ho ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo fokolang, histoplasmosis e namela 'meleng oohle. Sena se bitsoa ho phatlalatsoa ha histoplasmosis. Ho arabela tšoaetso ea ts'oaetso le ho ruruha (ho ruruha) hoa etsahala. Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa:

• Bohloko ba sefubeng ka lebaka la ho ruruha ha mokotla o kang sekoti ho potoloha pelo (pericarditis)
• Ho thatafala ha hlooho le molala ho tsoa ho ruruha ha lera le koahelang boko le lesapo la mokokotlo (meningitis)
• Feberu e phahameng

Histoplasmosis e fumanoa ke:

• Biopsy ea matšoafo, letlalo, sebete kapa moko oa masapo
• Liteko tsa mali kapa tsa moroto ho fumana liprotheine tsa histoplasmosis kapa lithibela-mafu
• Litso tsa mali, moroto, kapa sekhohlela (tlhahlobo ena e fana ka phumano e hlakileng ea histoplasmosis, empa liphetho li ka nka libeke tse 6)

Ho thusa ho tseba boemo bona, mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba hau a ka etsa:

• Bronchoscopy (teko e sebelisang sebaka sa ho shebella se kentsoeng ka har'a sefofane ho hlahloba matšoao a tšoaetso)
• Sekena sa CT
• X-ray sefubeng
• Pompo ea mokokotlo ho batla matšoao a tšoaetso ho cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Ho batho ba bang ba phetseng hantle, ts'oaetso ena e fela ntle le kalafo.

Haeba u kula ho feta khoeli e le 'ngoe kapa u na le bothata ba ho hema, mofani oa hau a ka u fa meriana. Kalafo e ka sehloohong ea histoplasmosis ke lithethefatsi tse thibelang mafu.

• Likokoana-hloko li ka 'na tsa hloka ho fanoa ka methapo, ho latela sebopeho kapa boemo ba lefu.
• E meng ea meriana ena e ka ba le litla-morao.
• Kalafo ea nako e telele le lithethefatsi tse loantšang fungal e ka hlokahala ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 1 ho isa ho tse 2.

Ponahalo e latela hore na ts'oaetso e matla hakae, le boemo ba hau ba bophelo bo botle. Batho ba bang ba fola ntle le kalafo. Ts'oaetso e sebetsang hangata e tla fela ka moriana o loantšang. Empa, ts'oaetso e ka siea sekhahla ka har'a matšoafo.

Sekhahla sa lefu se phahame ho batho ba nang le "histoplasmosis" e sa alafatsoang ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo fokolang.

Ho phatloha sefubeng ho ka beha khatello ho:

• Methapo e meholo ea mali e tsamaisang mali ho ea le ho tsoa pelong
• Pelo
• Esophagus (phala ea lijo)
• Lymph nodes

Lymph nodes tse atolositsoeng sefubeng li ka hatella likarolo tsa 'mele tse kang' metso le methapo ea mali ea matšoafo.

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u lula sebakeng seo histoplasmosis e tloaelehileng 'me u hola:

• Matšoao a kang a feberu
• Bohloko ba sefuba
• Khohlela
• Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane

Le ha ho na le maloetse a mang a mangata a nang le matšoao a ts'oanang, o kanna oa hloka ho lekoa bakeng sa histoplasmosis.

Histoplasmosis e ka thibeloa ka ho fokotsa ho pepesehela lerōle lihokelong tsa likhoho, mahaheng a mankhane le libakeng tse ling tse kotsing e kholo. Roala limaske le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa tšireletso haeba u sebetsa kapa u kena libakeng tsena.

Tšoaetso ea fungal - histoplasmosis; Feberu ea Ohio River Valley; Fibrosing mediastinitis

• Matšoafo
• Hlobaetsang histoplasmosis
• E phatlalalitse histoplasmosis
• Histoplasmosis, e phatlalalitsoeng ho mokuli oa HIV

Deepe GS. Histoplasma capsulatum (histoplasmosis). Ka: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, bahlophisi. Mandell, Douglas, le Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, Khatiso e Ntjhafalitsoeng. La 8th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: khaolo ea 265.

Kauffman CA. Histoplasmosis. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 332.