Ho hlokomela phihlello ea hau ea methapo ea mali bakeng sa hemodialysis

U na le phihlello ea methapo ea mali bakeng sa hemodialysis. Ho hlokomela phihlello ea hau hantle ho thusa hore e tšoarelle nako e telele.

Latela litaelo tsa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo mabapi le mokhoa oa ho hlokomela phihlello ea hau lapeng. Sebelisa lintlha tse ka tlase e le khopotso.

Ho fihlella ha methapo ke lesoba le entsoeng letlalong la hao le methapong ea mali nakong ea tšebetso e khutšoane. Ha u na le dialysis, mali a hao a phalla ho tsoa phihlelong ea mochini oa hemodialysis. Kamora hore mali a hau a sefshoe ka mochining, a khutlela morao ho kena 'meleng oa hau.

Ho na le mefuta e meraro ea mantlha ea phihlello ea methapo ea mali bakeng sa hemodialysis. Tsena li hlalosoa ka tsela e latelang.

Fistula: Mothapo oa letsoho le ka pele kapa letsoho la hao le kaholimo o rokelloa mothapong o haufi.

• Sena se lumella linalete hore li kenngoe ka mothapong bakeng sa kalafo ea dialysis.
• Fistula e nka libeke tse 4 ho isa ho tse 6 ho fola le ho hola pele e ka sebelisoa.

Ho hlomathisoa: Mothapo le mothapo letsohong la hao li kopantsoe ke tube ea polasetiki e bōpehileng joaloka U ka tlas'a letlalo.

• Linale li kentsoe ka hare ho momahane ha u na le dialysis.
• Ho hlomathisoa ho ka ba malala-a-laotsoe ho sebelisoa libeke tse 2 ho isa ho tse 4.

Catheter ea maqhubu a bohareng: Phala ea polasetiki e bonolo (catheter) e koahetsoe ka tlasa letlalo la hau ebe e kenngoa mothapong o molaleng oa hao, sefubeng kapa boteng. Ho tloha moo, tubing e kena mothapong o bohareng o lebisang pelong ea hau.

• Catheter ea venous e bohareng e se e loketse ho sebelisoa hang hang.
• Hangata e sebelisoa feela ka libeke kapa likhoeli tse 'maloa.

U kanna oa ba le bofubelu kapa ho ruruha ho potoloha sebaka sa hau sa phihlello matsatsing a 'maloa a pele. Haeba u na le fistula kapa ho hlomathiseletsoa:

• Etsa letsoho la hao mesamong 'me u boloke setsoe sa hao se otlolohile ho fokotsa ho ruruha.
• U ka sebelisa letsoho la hau ka mor'a hore u fihle hae ho tloha ho buuoa. Empa, o seke oa phahamisa liponto tse fetang 10 (lb) kapa 4.5 kilogram (kg), e ka bang boima ba galone ea lebese.

Ho hlokomela moaparo (bandage):

• Haeba u hlomathisitsoe kapa fistula, boloka moaparo o omme matsatsing a mabeli a pele. U ka itlhatsoa kapa u itlhatsoe ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng kamora hore moaparo o tlosoe.
• Haeba o na le catheter e nang le venous e bohareng, o tlameha ho boloka moaparo o omme ka linako tsohle. Koahela ka polasetiki ha u hlapa. Se ke oa hlapa, ua sesa kapa ua inela ka bateng e chesang. Se ke oa lumella mang kapa mang ho hula mali ho tsoa ho catheter ea hau.

Li-graf le li-catheters li na le monyetla o moholo oa ho tšoaetsoa ke fistula. Matšoao a tšoaetso ke bofubelu, ho ruruha, ho opeloa, bohloko, mofuthu, boladu ho potoloha sebaka sena le feberu.

Ho koala mali ho ka theha le ho thibela phallo ea mali sebakeng sa marang-rang. Li-graf le li-catheters li na le menyetla e fetang ea ho koaloa ke fistula.

Lithapo tsa mali tse kenngoeng kahare kapa fistula li ka ba moqotetsane mme tsa liehisa phallo ea mali ka phihlello. Sena se bitsoa stenosis.

Ho latela tataiso ena ho tla u thusa ho qoba tšoaetso, maqeba a mali, le mathata a mang ka phihlello ea methapo ea hau.

• Kamehla hlapa matsoho ka sesepa le metsi a futhumetseng pele le kamora ho ama phihlello ea hau. Hloekisa sebaka se haufi le phihlello ka sesepa sa antibacterial kapa hohla joala pele ho kalafo ea hau ea dialysis.
• Lekola phallo (eo hape e bitsoang thabo) ho phihlello ea hau letsatsi le letsatsi. Mofani oa hau o tla u bontša hore na joang.
• Fetola moo nale e kenang fistula kapa boteng ba hau bakeng sa kalafo ka 'ngoe ea dialysis.
• Se ke oa lumella mang kapa mang hore a nke khatello ea mali ea hau, a qale IV (methapo e kenang methapong), kapa a hule mali letsohong la hao la phihlello.
• Se ke oa lumella mang kapa mang ho hula mali ho tsoa ho catheter ea hau e bohareng ea venous.
• Se ke oa robala letsohong la hau la phihlello.
• Se ke oa nka tse fetang 10 lb (4.5 kg) ka letsoho la hau la phihlello.
• Se ke oa roala oache, mabenyane kapa liaparo tse thata ka har'a sebaka sa hau sa marang-rang.
• E-ba hlokolosi hore u se bump kapa ho khaola phihlello ea hau.
• Sebelisa phihlello ea hau bakeng sa dialysis feela.

Bitsa mofani oa hau hang-hang haeba u hlokomela a mang a mathata ana:

• Ho tsoa mali sebakeng sa hau sa phihlello ea methapo
• Matšoao a tšoaetso, joalo ka bofubelu, ho ruruha, ho opeloa, bohloko, mofuthu kapa boladu bo potileng sebaka sa marang-rang
• Feberu 100.3 ° F (38.0 ° C) kapa ho feta
• Phallo (e nyakallisang) ho hlomathiseng kapa fistula ea hau e fokotseha kapa ha o utloe ho hang
• Letsoho leo catheter ea hau e behiloeng ho lona le ruruha mme letsoho le ka lehlakoreng leo le utloa ho bata
• Letsoho la hao lea bata, le felloe ke matla kapa le felloe ke matla

Fistula ea methapo; A-V fistula; Tlhomamiso ea AV; Catheter e koetsoeng

Litlhahiso tsa Kern WV. Matšoao a amanang le methapo ea methapo le li-graft. Ka: Cohen J, Powderly WG, Opal SM, li-eds. Maloetse a tšoaetsanoang. La 4 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 48.

Setsi sa Naha sa lefu la tsoekere le sebaka sa marang-rang sa Maloetse a Phepo le Liphio. Hemodialysis. www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/kidney-failure/hemodialysis. E ntlafalitsoe ka Pherekhong 2018. E fihlile ka la 1 Hlakola 2021.

Yeun JY, Young B, Depner TA, Chin AA. Hemodialysis. Ka: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, li-eds. Brenner le Rector ea Liphio. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 63.

• Dialysis