Lefuemia e sa foleng ea lymphocytic (CLL)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) ke mofetše oa mofuta oa lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali tse bitsoang lymphocyte. Lisele tsena li fumanoa mokong oa masapo le likarolong tse ling tsa 'mele. Moko oa masapo ke lisele tse bonolo tse bohareng ba masapo tse thusang ho theha lisele tsohle tsa mali.

CLL e baka keketseho e liehang ea mofuta o itseng oa lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali tse bitsoang B lymphocyte, kapa lisele tsa B. Lisele tsa mofetše li hasana ka mali le mokong oa masapo. CLL e ka ama li-lymph node kapa litho tse ling tse joalo ka sebete le spleen. CLL qetellong e ka baka hore moko oa masapo o lahleheloe ke mosebetsi.

Lebaka la CLL ha le tsejoe. Ha ho na kamano le radiation. Ha ho hlake hore na lik'hemik'hale tse ling li ka baka CLL. Ho pepesetsoa Agent Orange nakong ea Ntoa ea Vietnam ho hokahantsoe le kotsi e nyane ea ho hola ea CLL.

Hangata CLL e ama batho ba baholo, haholo-holo ba ka holimo ho lilemo tse 60. Batho ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 45 ke ka seoelo ba hlahisang CLL. CLL e atile haholo ho makhooa ho feta merabeng e meng. E atile haholo ho banna ho feta basali. Batho ba bang ba nang le CLL ba na le litho tsa malapa tse nang le lefu lena.

Hangata matšoao a hlaha butle. CLL hangata ha e bake matšoao qalong. E ka fumanoa ka liteko tsa mali tse etsoang bathong ka mabaka a mang.

Matšoao a CLL a ka kenyelletsa:

• Lymph nodes e atolositsoeng, sebete kapa spleen
• Ho fufuleloa ho feteletseng, ho fufuleloa bosiu
• Mokhathala
• Feberu
• Tšoaetso e lulang e khutla (e ipheta), leha e phekoloa
• Ho felloa ke takatso ea lijo kapa ho khora kapele haholo (ho khora kapele)
• Ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele mme a botse ka matšoao a hau.

Liteko tsa ho fumana CLL li ka kenyelletsa:

• Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC) ka phapang ea lisele tsa mali.
• Teko ea cytometry ea phallo ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali.
• Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) e sebelisetsoa ho sheba le ho bala liphatsa tsa lefutso kapa li-chromosome. Teko ena e ka thusa ho fumana CLL kapa ho tataisa kalafo.
• Ho etsa liteko tsa liphetoho tse ling tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso ho ka thusa ho tseba esale pele hore na mofetše o tla arabela joang kalafong.

Batho ba nang le CLL hangata ba na le palo e phahameng ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali.

Liteko tse shebang liphetoho ho DNA kahare ho lisele tsa mofetše le tsona li ka etsoa. Liphetho tse tsoang litekong tsena le litekong tsa litepisi li thusa mofani oa hau ho tseba kalafo ea hau.

Haeba u na le CLL ea pele, mofani oa hau o tla u beha leihlo haufi-ufi. Kalafo ha e fanoe hangata bakeng sa CLL ea pele, ntle le haeba u na le:

• Tšoaetso e lulang e khutla
• Lefuemia e ntseng e mpefala ka potlako
• Sele e khubelu ea mali kapa lipalo tsa platelet
• Mokhathala, ho hloka takatso ea lijo, ho theola boima ba 'mele kapa ho fufuleloa bosiu
• Ho ruruha lymph nodes

Chemotherapy, ho kenyeletsoa meriana e reretsoeng, e sebelisetsoa ho alafa CLL. Mofani oa hau o tla etsa qeto ea hore na ke meriana ea mofuta ofe eu loketseng.

Litšelo tsa mali kapa liplatelete li ka hlokahala haeba lipalo tsa mali li le tlase.

Mokelikeli oa masapo kapa ho kenya seleng ea bakoang ho ka sebelisoa ho batho ba bacha ba nang le CLL e tsoetseng pele kapa e kotsing e kholo. Ho kenyelletsa ke eona feela kalafo e fanang ka pheko bakeng sa CLL, empa e boetse e na le likotsi. Mofani oa hau o tla buisana le uena ka likotsi le melemo.

Uena le mofani oa hau le kanna la hloka ho sebetsana le mathata a mang nakong ea kalafo ea kankere ea mali, ho kenyelletsa:

• Ho laola liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng nakong ea chemotherapy
• Mathata a ho tsoa mali
• Molomo o omileng
• Ho ja lik'hilojule tse lekaneng
• Ho ja ka mokhoa o bolokehileng nakong ea kalafo ea mofets'e

U ka fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo ea bokuli ka ho kenela sehlopha sa ts'ehetso ea mofets'e. Ho arolelana le ba bang ba nang le liphihlelo tse tšoanang le mathata ho ka u thusa hore u se ke ua ikutloa u le mong.

Mofani oa hau a ka buisana le uena ka pono ea CLL ea hau ho latela sethala sa eona le hore na e arabela joang kalafong.

Mathata a CLL le kalafo ea eona li ka kenyelletsa:

• Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, boemo boo lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li senngoang ke sesole sa 'mele
• Ho tsoa mali ho tsoa lipalo tse tlase tsa platelet
• Hypogammaglobulinemia, boemo boo ho nang le li-antibodies tse tlase ho feta tse tloaelehileng, tse ka eketsang menyetla ea tšoaetso.
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), lefu la ho tsoa mali
• Matšoao a lulang a khutla
• Mokhathala o ka tloha bobeng ho ea boima
• Mefuta e meng ea mofetše, ho kenyelletsa le lymphoma e mabifi le ho feta (phetoho ea Richter)
• Litla-morao tsa chemotherapy

Bitsa mofani oa litšebeletso haeba u ba le lymph node e atolositsoeng kapa mokhathala o sa hlalosoang, ho khoba, ho fufuleloa haholo kapa ho theola boima ba 'mele.

CLL; Lefuemia - lymphocytic e sa foleng (CLL); Kankere ea mali - kankere ea mali e sa foleng ea lymphocytic; Kankere ea moko oa masapo - leukemia e sa foleng ea lymphocytic; Lymphoma - a sa foleng a lymphocytic leukemia

• Ho kenyelletsa 'mele oa masapo - ho tsoa

• Takatso ea moko oa masapo
• Auer melamu
• Lefuemia e sa foleng ea lymphocytic - pono e nyane
• Masole a mmele

Awan FT, Byrd JC. Lefuemia e sa foleng ea lymphocytic. Ka: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, bahlophisi. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 99.

Webosaete ea National Cancer Institute. Kalafo ea lymphocytic leukemia treatment (PDQ) - mofuta oa litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle. www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/cll-treatment-pdq. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 22 Pherekhong 2020. E fihlile ka la 27 Hlakola 2020.

Webosaete ea National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Litaelo tsa NCCN tsa litloaelo tsa bongaka ho oncology. Lefuemia e sa foleng ea lymphocytic / lymphoma e nyane ea lymphocytic. Mofuta oa 4.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/cll.pdf. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 20 Tšitoe 2019. E fihlile ka la 27 Hlakola 2020.