Majoe a liphio

Lejoe la liphio ke boima bo tiileng bo entsoeng ka likristale tse nyane. Lejoe le le leng kapa a mang a ka ba liphio kapa ureter ka nako e le 'ngoe.

Majoe a liphio a tloaelehile. Mefuta e meng e matha ka malapa. Hangata li hlaha ho masea a tlang pele ho nako.

Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea majoe a liphio. Sesosa sa bothata se ipapisitse le mofuta oa lejoe.

Majoe a ka hlaha ha moroto o na le lintho tse ngata haholo tse etsang likristale. Likristale tsena li ka fetoha majoe ho feta libeke kapa likhoeli.

• Majoe a calcium a atile haholo. Li ka etsahala haholo ho banna ba pakeng tsa lilemo tse 20 ho isa ho tse 30. Calcium e ka kopana le lintho tse ling ho etsa lejoe.
• Oxalate ke eona e tloaelehileng haholo ho tsena. Oxalate e teng lijong tse ling tse kang sepinichi. E boetse e fumanoa li-supplement tsa vithamine C. Maloetse a mala a manyane a eketsa menyetla ea ho fumana majoe ana.

Majoe a calcium a ka theha ka ho kopanya le phosphate kapa carbonate.

Mefuta e meng ea majoe e kenyelletsa:

• Majoe a cystine a ka hlaha ho batho ba nang le cystinuria. Boloetse bona bo hlaha malapeng. E ama banna le basali.
• Majoe a Struvite a fumanoa haholo ho banna kapa basali ba pheta-phetoang tšoaetso ea mosese. Majoe ana a ka hola haholo mme a ka thibela liphio, ureter kapa senya.
• Majoe a uric acid a atile haholo ho banna ho feta basali. Li ka hlaha ka gout kapa chemotherapy.
• Lintho tse ling, joalo ka meriana e itseng, le tsona li ka theha majoe.

Kotsi e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea majoe a liphio ke ho se noe maro a lekaneng. Majoe a liphio a na le monyetla oa hore o ka etsahala haeba o etsa moroto o ka tlase ho litara e le 1 ka letsatsi.

O kanna oa ba le matšoao ho fihlela majoe a theosa le methapo (ureters) eo ka eona moroto o kenang ka har'a senya. Ha sena se etsahala, majoe a ka thibela phallo ea moroto ho tsoa liphio.

Letšoao le ka sehloohong ke bohloko bo bohloko bo qalang le ho emisa ka tšohanyetso:

• Bohloko bo ka utluoa ka mpeng kapa lehlakoreng la mokokotlo.
• Bohloko bo ka fetela sebakeng sa ho bobola (bohloko ba mokokotlo), lisosa (bohloko ba testicle) ho banna, le labia (bohloko ba botšehaling) ho basali.

Matšoao a mang a kenyeletsa:

• Mmala o sa tloaelehang oa moroto
• Mali ka morong
• Ho bata
• Feberu
• Ho nyekeloa le ho hlatsa

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele. Sebaka sa mpa (mpa) kapa mokokotlo se ka utloa bohloko.

Liteko tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

• Liteko tsa mali ho lekola calcium, phosphorus, uric acid le li-electrolyte
• Liteko tsa ts'ebetso ea liphio
• Ho hlahloba urinal ho bona likristale le ho batla lisele tse khubelu tsa mali morong
• Ho hlahlojoa lejoe ho tseba mofuta

Majoe kapa blockage e ka bonoa ho:

• Tlhaloso ea mpa ea mpa
• X-ray ea mpeng
• Pyelogram e kenang ka hare (IVP)
• Liphio tsa ultrasound
• Khutlisa pyelogram

Kalafo e ipapisitse le mofuta oa lejoe le ho tiea ha matšoao a hau.

Majoe a liphio a manyane hangata a feta tsamaisong ea hau a le mong.

• Moroto oa hau o lokela ho ts'oaroa e le hore lejoe le ka bolokoa le ho lekoa.
• Noa bonyane likhalase tse 6 ho isa ho tse 8 tsa metsi ka letsatsi ho hlahisa moroto o mongata. Sena se tla thusa hore lejoe le fete.
• Bohloko bo ka ba bobe haholo. Meriana ea bohloko e fetang ea li-counter (mohlala, ibuprofen le naproxen), ebang e le mong kapa hammoho le lithethefatsi, e ka sebetsa hantle.

Batho ba bang ba nang le bohloko bo boholo ba majoe a liphio ba hloka ho lula sepetlele. U kanna ua hloka ho fumana maro ka IV ho kena mothapong oa hau.

Bakeng sa mefuta e meng ea majoe, mofani oa hau a ka fana ka moriana ho thibela majoe ho theha kapa ho thusa ho heletsa le ho tlosa lisebelisoa tse bakang lejoe. Meriana ena e ka kenyelletsa:

• Allopurinol (bakeng sa majoe a uric acid)
• Lithibela-mafu (bakeng sa majoe a struvite)
• Diuretics (lipilisi tsa metsi)
• Litharollo tsa phosphate
• Bicarbonate ea sodium kapa citrate ea sodium
• Lipilisi tsa metsi (thiazide diuretics)
• Tamsulosin ho khatholla ureter le ho thusa lejoe ho feta

Hangata ho hlokahala ho buuoa haeba:

• Lejoe le leholo haholo hore le ka feta ka lona.
• Lejoe le ntse le hola.
• Lejoe le thibela ho phalla ha moroto le ho baka ts'oaetso kapa tšenyo ea liphio.
• Bohloko bo ke ke ba laoloa.

Kajeno, mefuta e mengata ea kalafo ha e na matla ho feta nakong e fetileng.

• Lithotripsy e sebelisetsoa ho tlosa majoe a manyane hanyane ho feta lisenthimithara tse 1,25 tse fumanehang liphio kapa ureter. E sebelisa maqhubu a molumo kapa a tšosang ho roba majoe likotoana tse nyane. Joale, likhechana tsa lejoe li siea 'mele ka hara moroto. E boetse e bitsoa extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy kapa ESWL.
• Mekhoa e etsoang ka ho fetisa sesebelisoa se ikhethileng ka lehare le lenyenyane la ho buoa letlalong la hao mokokotlong oa hau le liphio kapa li-ureters li sebelisetsoa majoe a maholo, kapa ha liphio kapa libaka tse haufi li thehiloe hampe. Lejoe le tlosoa ka tube (endoscope).
• Ureteroscopy e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa majoe karolong e ka tlase ea mosese. Ho sebelisoa laser ho roba lejoe.
• Hangata, ho hlokahala opereishene e bulehileng (nephrolithotomy) haeba mekhoa e meng e sa sebetse kapa e sa khonehe.

Bua le mofani oa hau mabapi le hore na ke mekhoa efe ea kalafo e ka u sebeletsang.

O tla hloka ho nka mehato ea ho itlhokomela. Ke mehato efe eo u e nkang e ipapisitse le mofuta oa lejoe leo u nang le lona, ​​empa li ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho noa metsi a mangata le maro a mang
• Ho ja lijo tse ling hape le ho fokotsa lijo tse ling
• Ho nka meriana ho thusa ho thibela majoe
• Ho nka meriana ho u thusa ho fetisa lejoe (lithethefatsi tse khahlanong le ho ruruha, alpha-blockers)

Majoe a liphio a bohloko, empa boholo ba nako bo ka tlosoa 'meleng ntle le ho baka tšenyo e sa feleng.

Majoe a liphio hangata a khutla. Sena se etsahala khafetsa haeba sesosa se sa fumanoe le ho phekoloa.

U kotsing ea ho:

• Tšoaetso ea pampitšana ea moroto
• Ho senyeha ha liphio kapa ho hlaba ha kalafo haeba kalafo e lieha nako e telele haholo

Ho qobelloa ha majoe a liphio ho ka kenyelletsa tšitiso ea ureter (acute unilateral obstruction uropathy).

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u e-na le matšoao a lejoe la liphio:

• Bohloko bo bohloko mokokotlong kapa lehlakoreng la hau le ke keng la fela
• Mali ka morong oa hau
• Feberu le ho bata
• Ho hlatsa
• Moroto o nkgang hampe kapa o shebahalang o le maru
• Boikutlo bo tukang ha o ntša metsi

Haeba u fumanoe u e-na le tšitiso e tsoang lejoeng, temana e tlameha ho netefatsoa ka ho ts'oaroa ka strainer nakong ea ho rota kapa ka ho latela x-ray. Ho se utloe bohloko ha ho netefatse hore lejoe le fetile.

Haeba u na le nalane ea majoe:

• Noa maro a mangata (likhalase tse 6 ho isa ho tse 8 tsa metsi ka letsatsi) ho hlahisa moroto o lekaneng.
• U kanna ua hloka ho noa moriana kapa ho etsa liphetoho lijong tsa hau bakeng sa mefuta e meng ea majoe.
• Mofani oa hau a kanna a batla ho etsa liteko tsa mali le moroto ho thusa ho tseba mehato e nepahetseng ea thibelo.

Renal calculi; Nephrolithiasis; Majoe - liphio; Calcium oxalate - majoe; Cystine - majoe; Struvite - majoe; Uric acid - majoe; Lithiasis ea Urinary

• Hypercalcemia - ho tsoa
• Majoe a liphio le lithotripsy - ho tsoa
• Liphio tsa liphio - ho itlhokomela
• Liphio tsa liphio - seo u lokelang ho se botsa ngaka ea hau
• Mekhoa ea ho ntša metsi ka makhetlo a mangata - ho tsoa

• Anatomy ea liphio
• Liphio - phallo ea mali le moroto
• Nephrolithiasis
• Pyelogram e kenang ka hare (IVP)
• Tsamaiso ea Lithotripsy

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Webosaete ea American Urological Association. Tsamaiso ea ts'ebetso ea majoe: Tataiso ea Mokhatlo oa AUA / Endourology (2016) www.auanet.org/guidelines/kidney-stones-surgical-management- guideline. E fihliloe ka la 13 Pherekhong 2020.

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Qaseem A, Dallas P, Forciea MA, Starkey M, Denberg TD; Komiti ea Tataiso ea Bongaka ea Koleji ea Amerika ea Lingaka. Tsamaiso ea phepo le litlhare ho thibela nephrolithiasis e iphetang ho batho ba baholo: tataiso ea litloaelo tsa bongaka tse tsoang American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2014; 161 (9): 659-667. PMID: 25364887 e fetotsoe.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25364887/.

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