Pherekano ea Pleural

Motsoako o phallang ka bongata ke mokelikeli o mongata lipakeng tsa lisele tse tsamaisang matšoafo le sefuba.

'Mele o hlahisa mokelikeli o monyane ka bongata hanyane ho nolofatsa bokaholimo ba pleura. Ena ke lisele tse tšesaane tse tsamaisang sefuba le ho pota matšoafo. Pleural effusion ke pokello e sa tloaelehang, e feteletseng ea metsi ana.

Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea mokokotlo oa boipiletso:

• Ho fetoha ha mokokotlo oa mokokotlo ho bakoa ke mokelikeli o kenang sebakeng sa boipiletso. Sena se bakoa ke khatello e eketsehileng methapong ea mali kapa lipalo tse tlase tsa protheine ea mali. Ho hloleha ha pelo ke sesosa se tloaelehileng haholo.
• Ho ruruha ho feteletseng ho bakoa ke methapo ea mali e koetsoeng kapa methapo ea lymph, ho ruruha, tšoaetso, kotsi ea matšoafo le lihlahala.

Lisosa tse kotsi tsa mokokotlo oa mokokotlo li ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho tsuba le ho noa joala, kaha tsena li ka baka lefu la pelo, la matšoafo le la sebete, le ka lebisang moferefereng oa maikutlo
• Nalane ea puisano efe kapa efe le asbestos

Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa efe kapa efe ea tse latelang:

• Bohloko ba sefuba, hangata bohloko bo bohloko bo hobe le ho hohlola kapa ho hema haholo
• Khohlela
• Feberu le ho bata
• Litšitiso
• Ho hema ka potlako
• Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane

Ka linako tse ling ha ho na matšoao.

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla u hlahloba ebe o botsa matšoao a hau. Mofani oa hau o tla mamela matšoafo a hau ka stethoscope ebe o tlanya sefubeng le mokokotlong o ka holimo.

Ho hlahlojoa ha sefuba CT kapa sefuba x-ray ho ka lekana mofani oa hau ho etsa qeto mabapi le kalafo.

Mofani oa hau a ka batla ho etsa liteko ho mokelikeli. Haeba ho joalo, sampole ea mokelikeli e tlosoa ka nale e kentsoeng lipakeng tsa likhopo. Liteko tsa mokelikeli li tla etsoa ho batla:

• Tšoaetso
• Lisele tsa mofetše
• Methati ea liprotheine
• Lisele li baloa
• Acidity ea mokelikeli (ka linako tse ling)

Liteko tsa mali tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

• Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC), ho hlahloba matšoao a tšoaetso kapa phokolo ea mali
• Liphio le sebete li sebetsa liteko tsa mali

Haeba ho hlokahala, liteko tse ling li ka etsoa:

• Ultrasound ea pelo (echocardiogram) ho batla ho hloleha ha pelo
• Ultrasound ea mpa le sebete
• Ho lekoa liprotheine
• Lung biopsy ho batla mofets'e
• Ho fetisa tube ka sefefo ho lekola lifofane bakeng sa mathata kapa mofetše (bronchoscopy)

Morero oa kalafo ke ho:

• Tlosa mokelikeli
• Thibela mokelikeli hore o se ke oa phahama hape
• Etsa qeto le ho phekola sesosa sa mokelikeli o mokelikeli

Ho tlosa mokelikeli (thoracentesis) ho ka etsoa haeba ho na le mokelikeli o mongata mme o baka khatello ea sefuba, phefumoloho e khuts'oane kapa boemo bo tlase ba oksijene. Ho tlosa mokelikeli ho lumella matšoafo hore a hōle, e leng ho nolofalletsang ho hema habonolo.

Lebaka la mokelikeli oa mokelikeli le lona le tlameha ho phekoloa:

• Haeba e bakoa ke ho hloleha ha pelo, o ka fumana diuretics (lipilisi tsa metsi) le meriana e meng ho alafa ho hloleha ha pelo.
• Haeba e le ka lebaka la tšoaetso, lithibela-mafu li tla fanoa.
• Haeba e tsoa ho mofets'e, lefu la sebete kapa lefu la liphio, kalafo e lokela ho lebisoa maemong ana.
  

Ho batho ba nang le mofetše kapa ts'oaetso, moferefere hangata o alafshoa ka ho sebelisa tube ea sefuba ho tsoa mokelikeli le ho phekola sesosa sa ona.

Maemong a mang, kalafo efe kapa efe e latelang ea etsoa:

• Chemotherapy
• Ho kenya moriana ka sefubeng o thibelang mokelikeli hore o se ke oa haella hape ha o tsoa
• Phekolo ea radiation
• Phekolo

Phello e ipapisitse le lefu le ka sehloohong.

Mathata a ts'ebeliso ea mokokotlo a ka kenyelletsa:

• Tšenyo ea matšoafo
• Tšoaetso e fetohang abscess, e bitsoang empyema
• Moea ka sefubeng (pneumothorax) kamora ho tsoa ha metsi
• Pleural thickening (ho haelloa ke lesela la matšoafo)

Bitsa mofani oa hau kapa u ee kamoreng ea maemo a tšohanyetso haeba u na le:

• Matšoao a ts'oaetso ea mokokotlo
• Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane kapa ho hema ka thata hang kamora thoracentesis

Mokelikeli sefubeng; Mokelikeli matšoafong; Mokelikeli oa Pleural

• Matšoafo
• Tsamaiso ea phefumoloho
• Motsoako oa Pleural

Phokotso ea BK. Thoracentesis. Ka: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, li-eds. Mekhoa ea Tleliniking ea Roberts le Hedges ho Meriana ea Tšohanyetso le Tlhokomelo e Ntle. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 9.

Broaddus VC, Leseli RW. Pherekano ea Pleural. Ka: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, li-eds. Buka ea Bongaka ea Phefumoloho ea Murray le Nadel. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 79.

Mokha oa McCool. Maloetse a diaphragm, lebota la sefuba, pleura le mediastinum. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 92.