Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) e senya kapa e teteana ea matšoafo ntle le lebaka le tsejoang.

Bafani ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ha ba tsebe hore na IPF e bakoa ke eng le hore na hobaneng batho ba bang ba e hlahisa. Idiopathic e bolela hore sesosa ha se tsejoe. Boemo bo ka bakoa ke matšoafo a arabelang nthong e sa tsejoeng kapa kotsi. Liphatsa tsa lefutso li ka bapala karolo ea ho nts'etsapele IPF. Lefu lena le hlaha hangata ho batho ba pakeng tsa lilemo tse 60 le 70. IPF e atile haholo ho banna ho feta basali.

Ha o na le IPF, matšoafo a hau a ba le mabali 'me a thatafala. Sena se u thatafalletsa ho hema. Ho batho ba bangata, IPF e mpefala kapele ho feta likhoeli kapa lilemo tse 'maloa. Ho tse ling, IPF e mpefala nako e teletsana.

Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa efe kapa efe ea tse latelang:

• Bohloko ba sefuba (ka linako tse ling)
• Khohlela (hangata e omme)
• Ha e khone ho ba mahlahahlaha joaloka pele
• Phefumoloho e khutšoane nakong ea tšebetso (letšoao lena le nka likhoeli kapa lilemo, 'me ha nako e ntse e feta le lona le ka hlaha ha u phomotse)
• Ho ikutloa o akhehile
• Butle-butle ho theola boima ba 'mele

Mofani oa hau o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele mme a botse ka nalane ea hau ea bongaka. O tla botsoa hore na o kile oa pepesetsoa asbestos kapa chefo e ngoe hape le hore o kile oa tsuba.

Tlhahlobo ea 'mele e ka fumana hore u na le:

• Moea o sa tloaelehang o utloahala o bitsoa mapetso
• Letlalo la Bluish (cyanosis) ho potoloha molomo kapa manala ka lebaka la oksijene e tlase (e nang le lefu le tsoetseng pele)
• Ho holisa le ho kobeha ha metheo ea manala, e bitsoang clubbing (ka lefu le tsoetseng pele)

Liteko tse thusang ho fumana IPF li kenyelletsa tse latelang:

• Bronchoscopy
• Sesebelisoa se phahameng sa sefuba sa CT (HRCT)
• X-ray sefubeng
• Echocardiogram
• Litekanyo tsa boemo ba oksijene ea mali (likhase tsa mali tse matla)
• Liteko tsa tšebetso ea pulmonary
• Teko ea metsotso e 6 ea ho tsamaea
• Liteko tsa mafu a ikemetseng a kang ramatiki ea lefu la masapo, lupus, kapa scleroderma
• Open biopsy ea matšoafo

Ha ho na pheko e tsebahalang ea IPF.

Kalafo e reretsoe ho fokotsa matšoao le ho fokotsa tsoelo-pele ea mafu:

• Pirfenidone (Esbriet) le nintedanib (Ofev) ke meriana e 'meli e alafang IPF. Li ka thusa ho fokotsa tšenyo ea matšoafo.
• Batho ba nang le maemo a tlase a oksijene ea mali ba tla hloka tšehetso ea oksijene hae.
• Ntlafatso ea matšoafo e ke ke ea phekola lefu lena, empa e ka thusa batho ho ikoetlisa ka ho hema ka thata.

Ho etsa liphetoho lapeng le bophelong ho ka thusa ho laola matšoao a phefumoloho. Haeba uena kapa litho tse ling tsa lelapa le tsuba, ena ke nako ea ho emisa.

Ho kenyelletsa matšoafo ho ka nahanoa bakeng sa batho ba bang ba nang le IPF e tsoetseng pele.

U ka fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo ea bokuli ka ho kenela sehlopha sa ts'ehetso. Ho arolelana le ba bang ba nang le liphihlelo tse tšoanang le mathata ho ka u thusa hore u se ke ua ikutloa u le mong.

Lintlha tse ling le tšehetso bakeng sa batho ba nang le IPF le malapa a bona li ka fumanoa ho:

• Motheo oa Pulmonary Fibrosis - www.pulmonaryfibrosis.org/life-with-pf/support-groups
• Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Lung - www.lung.org/support-and-community/

IPF e ka ntlafatsa kapa ea lula e tsitsitse nako e telele ka kalafo kapa ntle le eona. Batho ba bangata ba mpefala le ho feta kalafo.

Ha matšoao a ho hema a e-ba matla le ho feta, uena le mofani oa hau le lokela ho bua ka kalafo tse lelefatsang bophelo, joalo ka ho fetisetsa matšoafo. Hape buisana ka moralo oa tlhokomelo ea pele.

Mathata a IPF a ka kenyelletsa:

• Tekanyo e phahameng ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang oa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali ka lebaka la maemo a tlase a oksijene ea mali
• Matšoafo a helehileng
• Khatello ea mali e phahameng methapong ea matšoafo
• Ho hloleha ho phefumoloha
• Cor pulmonale (ho hloleha ha pelo ka lehlakoreng le letona)
• Lefu

Bitsa mofani oa hau hang-hang haeba u na le tse ling tsa tse latelang:

• Ho phefumoloha ho thata, ho potlaka kapa ho tebela (ha o khone ho hema haholo)
• Ho sekama pele ha o dutse ho hema hantle
• Ho tšoaroa ke hlooho khafetsa
• Ho robala kapa pherekano
• Feberu
• Masiana a lefifi ha u khohlela
• Manala a maputsoa kapa letlalo ho potoloha manala a hau

Idiopathic e hasana ka hare ho pulmonary fibrosis; IPF; Fibrosis ea pulmonary; Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis; CFA; Fibrosing alveolitis; Tloaelehileng interstitial pneumonitis; UIP

• Ho sebelisa oksijene lapeng

• Spirometry
• Tlelabo
• Tsamaiso ea phefumoloho

Webosaete ea National Heart, Lung le Blood Institute. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis. E fihliloe ka la 13 Pherekhong 2020.

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