Thrombocythemia ea bohlokoa, matšoao, tlhahlobo ea lefu lena le mokhoa oa ho li phekola

Litaba

• Matšoao a mantlha
• Na kankere ea thrombocythemia ea bohlokoa?
• Mokhoa oa ho hlahloba o etsoa joang
• Kalafo bakeng sa thrombocythemia ea bohlokoa

Bohlokoa ba thrombocythemia, kapa TE, ke lefu la hematological le khetholloang ke keketseho ea lipalo tsa liplatelete maling, e eketsang kotsi ea thrombosis le ho tsoa mali.

Hangata lefu lena ha le na letho, le fumanoa feela ka mor'a hore palo e tloaelehileng ea mali e etsoe. Leha ho le joalo, tlhahlobo e netefatsoa ke ngaka kamora ho qolla lisosa tse ling tse ka bang teng tsa keketseho ea liplatelete, joalo ka khaello ea khaello ea tšepe, mohlala.

Kalafo hangata e etsoa ka lithethefatsi tse khonang ho fokotsa palo ea liplatelete maling le ho fokotsa kotsi ea thrombosis, mme e lokela ho sebelisoa joalo ka ha e laetsoe ke ngaka e akaretsang kapa hematologist.

Matšoao a mantlha

Hangata thrombocythemia ea bohlokoa ha e na matšoao, e hlokomeloa feela kamora ho ba le palo e felletseng ea mali, mohlala. Leha ho le joalo, e ka baka matšoao a mang, a maholo e le:

• Ho chesa maikutlo maotong le matsohong;
• Splenomegaly, e leng ho holisa ha spleen;
• Bohloko ba sefuba;
• Ho fufuleloa;
• Bofokoli;
• Hlooho e bohloko;
• Bofofu ba nakoana, bo ka bang karoloana kapa ba fella;
• Ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele.

Ntle le moo, batho ba fumanoeng ba na le thrombocythemia ea bohlokoa ba kotsing e kholo ea thrombosis le ho tsoa mali. Lefu lena le atile haholo bathong ba ka holimo ho lilemo tse 60, empa le ka etsahala ho batho ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 40.

Na kankere ea thrombocythemia ea bohlokoa?

Thrombocythemia ea bohlokoa ha se mofetše, hobane ha ho na ho ata ha lisele tse bolaeang, empa lisele tse tloaelehileng, ntlheng ena, liplatelete, tse khethollang boemo ba thrombocytosis kapa thrombocytosis. Lefu lena le lula le tsitsitse bakeng sa lilemo tse ka bang 10 ho isa ho tse 20 mme le na le sekhahla se tlase sa phetoho ea leukemic, e ka tlase ho 5%.

Mokhoa oa ho hlahloba o etsoa joang

Ho fumanoa ho etsoa ke ngaka e akaretsang kapa hematologist ho latela matšoao le matšoao a hlahisoang ke mokuli, ntle le liphetho tsa liteko tsa laboratori. Ho bohlokoa hape ho khetholla lisosa tse ling tsa liplatelete tse eketsehileng, joalo ka mafu a ho ruruha, myelodysplasia le khaello ea tšepe. Tseba lisosa tse kholo tsa kholo ea platelet.

Tlhatlhobo ea laboratori ea thrombocythemia ea bohlokoa e etsoa qalong ka tlhahlobo ea palo ea mali, eo ho eona ho bonoang keketseho ea liplatelete, ka boleng bo kaholimo ho li-platelet / mm³ tsa mali tse 450,000. Ka tloaelo, mohopolo oa platelet o phetoa ka matsatsi a fapaneng ho bona hore na boleng bo lula bo eketsehile.

Haeba liplatelete li lula li le teng, ho etsoa liteko tsa lefutso ho lekola boteng ba phetoho e kanna ea supa phetoho ea bohlokoa ea thrombocythemia, phetoho ea JAK2 V617F, e teng ho bakuli ba fetang 50%. Haeba boteng ba phetoho ena bo netefalitsoe, ho hlokahala hore ho qheleloe kantle ho mafu a mang a kotsi le ho lekola methapo ea tšepe ea phepo e nepahetseng.

Maemong a mang, biopsy ea moko oa masapo e ka etsoa, ​​moo keketseho ea pokello ea megakaryocyte, e leng selelekela sa lisele tsa mali, e ka bonoang.

Kalafo bakeng sa thrombocythemia ea bohlokoa

Kalafo ea thrombocythemia ea bohlokoa e ikemiselitse ho fokotsa kotsi ea thrombosis le hemorrhage, mme hangata ho khothalletsoa ke ngaka ho sebelisa meriana ho fokotsa palo ea liplatelete maling, joalo ka Anagrelide le Hydroxyurea.

Hydroxyurea ke moriana o atisang ho khothaletsoa ho batho ba nkoang ba le kotsing e kholo, ke hore, ba ka holimo ho lilemo tse 60, ba bile le karolo ea thrombosis mme ba na le palo ea platelet e kaholimo ho 1500000 / mm³ ea mali. Leha ho le joalo, meriana ena e na le litla-morao tse kang ho tlatsana ha letlalo, ho nyekeloa ke pelo le ho hlatsa.

Kalafo ea bakuli ba tsejoang e le kotsi e tlase, bao e leng ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 40, hangata e etsoa ka acetylsalicylic acid ho latela tataiso ea ngaka e akaretsang kapa hematologist.

Ntle le moo, ho fokotsa kotsi ea thrombosis ho bohlokoa ho qoba ho tsuba le ho alafa mafu a ka bang teng, a kang khatello ea mali, botenya le lefu la tsoekere, kaha li eketsa kotsi ea thrombosis. Tseba seo o lokelang ho se etsa ho thibela thrombosis.