Mefuta e meholo ea phokolo ea mali le mokhoa oa ho phekola

Litaba

• 1. Li-anemia tsa Macrocytic
• Phokolo ea mali ea Megaloblastic
• Phokolo ea mali ea Fanconi
• Phokolo ea mali e tšabehang
• 2. Likokoana-hloko tsa microcytic
• Khaello ea mali ea tšepe
• Thalassemia
• 3. Li-anemia tsa Normocytic
• Phokolo ea mali ea hemolytic
• Phokolo ea mali ea sele
• Phokolo ea mali ea aplastic

Phokolo ea mali ke lefu le khetholloang ka ho fokotseha ha hemoglobin maling, e ka bang le lisosa tse 'maloa, ho tloha phetohong ea liphatsa tsa lefutso ho ea ho lijo tse seng ntle. Ho tseba le ho netefatsa phumano ea phokolo ea mali, hangata ngaka e laela tlhahlobo ea mali ho lekola hemoglobin, e nkuoa e le phokolo ea mali ha boleng bo le ka tlase ho 12 g / dL ho basali kapa 13 g / dL ho banna.

Joale, ho kanna ha hlokahala ho etsa liteko tse ling, joalo ka hemoglobin electrophoresis, reticulocyte count kapa stool test, ho khetholla mofuta o nepahetseng oa phokolo ea mali le ho qala kalafo e nepahetseng. Ho sa natsoe phokolo ea mali ea motho, ho bohlokoa hore kalafo e qalisoe, kaha ho a khonahala ho fokotsa menyetla ea ho ba le mathata a bakang tšenyo e ke keng ea qojoa ea boko, joalo ka 'dementia, stroke le mathata a pelo, joalo ka.

Ho latela litšobotsi tsa phokolo ea mali le sephetho sa tlhahlobo ea mali, phokolo ea mali e ka aroloa ka mefuta e 'maloa ea mantlha, e leng:

1. Li-anemia tsa Macrocytic

Macrocytic anemias ke tseo li-erythrocyte li leng kholo ho feta tse tloaelehileng, tse atisang ho bonoa tekong ea VCM (Average Corpuscular Volume) kaholimo ho boleng ba litšupiso, bo lipakeng tsa 80 le 100 fl. Mefuta ea mantlha ea anemias ea macrocytic ke:

Phokolo ea mali ea Megaloblastic

Ke mofuta oa phokolo ea mali e khetholloang ke boholo bo sa tloaelehang ba lisele tse khubelu tsa mali le ho fokotseha ha lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali le liplatelete, tse bakoang ke ho ja vithamine B12 e tlase, e tloaelehileng haholo ho batho ba jang nama feela. Ntle le matšoao a khale, ho ka ba le bohloko ka mpeng, ho lahleheloa ke moriri, mokhathala le liso tsa molomo, mohlala.

Tsela ea ho phekola: keketseho ea ho ja lijo tse nang le vithamine B12, joalo ka li-oyster, salmon le steak ea sebete kapa ts'ebeliso ea li-supplement tsa vithamine B12, tse rekiloeng pharmacy. Utloisisa hamolemo hore na phokolo ea mali e megaloblastic e phekoloa joang.

Phokolo ea mali ea Fanconi

Ke mofuta oa phokolo ea mali ea lefutso e khetholloang ke boholo bo sa tloaelehang ba lisele tse khubelu tsa mali le ho fokotseha ha lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali le liplatelete, tse bakoang ke khaello ea vithamine B12. Matšoao a kenyelletsa bohloko ka mpeng, ho lahleheloa ke moriri, mokhathala le liso tsa molomo, mohlala.

Tsela ea ho phekola: kalafo hangata e qala ka ts'ebeliso ea li-corticosteroids, empa ho ka hlokahala ho tšela mali esita le ho kenyelletsa 'moko oa masapo, maemong a matla ka ho fetisisa. Ithute haholoanyane ka mefuta ea kalafo.

Phokolo ea mali e tšabehang

Phokolo ea mali e matla ke mofuta oa "megaloblastic anemia" e hlahang ha motho a noa vithamine B12, empa 'mele o sitoa ho o monya, o ka bakang tšenyo e kholo ea methapo haeba ho se na kalafo e nepahetseng.

Tsela ea ho phekola: ka lebaka la bothata ba ho monya vithamine B12, kalafo e lokela ho etsoa ka liente tsa vithamine ka kotloloho mothapong selemo ho pota. Fumana mokhoa oa ho khetholla le ho phekola khaello ea mali e kotsi.

Ithute haholoanyane ka khaello ea mali e kotsi videong e latelang:

2. Likokoana-hloko tsa microcytic

Microcytic anemias ke tseo li-erythrocyte li leng nyane ho feta tse tloaelehileng, ka ho fokotseha ha CMV le hemoglobin mahloriso ka har'a li-erythrocyte. Li-anemias tse ka sehloohong tsa microcytic ke:

Khaello ea mali ea tšepe

Ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e atileng haholo ea phokolo ea mali, e bakoang ke tšebeliso e tlase ea lijo tse nang le tšepe, joalo ka nama e khubelu, lehe kapa spinach. Leha ho le joalo, mofuta ona oa phokolo ea mali le ona o ka hlaha kamora ho tsoa mali kapa ho ilela khoeli ho matla, ka lebaka la tahlehelo ea tšepe maling.

Tsela ea ho phekola: hangata e alafshoa ka phepo e nang le lijo tse nang le tšepe le tlatsetso ea tšepe. Ke feela maemong a boima haholo moo ho hlokahalang ho tšeloa mali. Ithute haholoanyane ka kalafo ea khaello ea mali ea khauta.

Thalassemia

Thalassemia ke mofuta oa phokolo ea mali ea microcytic e bakoang ke liphetoho tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso tse bakang likoli ts'ebetsong ea hemoglobin, e ka bakang mokhathala, ho teneha, ho holisa kholo, ho hloka takatso ea lijo le ho fokolisa sesole sa 'mele, mohlala.

Thalassemia e ka aroloa ka mefuta e meng ho latela ketane ea hemoglobin e neng e na le ts'oaetso ea kholo, e ka etsang hore matšoao a hlahisoang ke motho a be tlase kapa a be matla le ho feta. Ithute ho tseba mofuta o mong le o mong oa thalassemia.

Tsela ea ho phekola: ho bohlokoa ho khetholla mofuta oa thalassemia hore kalafo e qale 'me kahoo e thibele tsoelo-pele ea mafu. Ntle le moo, ho bohlokoa hore ho etsoe phepo e lekaneng ho ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo le ho netefatsa boiketlo ba bophelo.

3. Li-anemia tsa Normocytic

Li-anemias tsa Normocytic ke tseo boholo ba lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li tloaelehileng, sephetho sa VCM le HCM ho ba haufi le moeli o tloaelehileng kapa ho bontša phapang e nyane ho latela litekanyetso tse tloaelehileng. Mefuta ea mantlha ea khaello ea mali ea normocytic ke:

Phokolo ea mali ea hemolytic

Mofuta ona oa phokolo ea mali o hlahisa li-antibodies tse senyang lisele tsa mali. E atile haholo ho basali ho feta banna mme e baka matšoao a kang pallor, ho tsekela, matšoao a pherese letlalong, letlalo le omeletseng le mahlo le a mang. Bona matšoao a mang a mofuta ona oa phokolo ea mali.

Tsela ea ho phekola: Ka lehlohonolo phokolo ea mali ena ea phekoleha 'me e ka fumaneha ka ts'ebeliso ea li-corticosteroids kapa lithethefatsi tsa immunosuppressive. Maemong a mang, ho kanna ha hlokahala hore ho etsoa opereishene ho tlosa karolo ea spleen.

Phokolo ea mali ea sele

Ke phokolo ea mali ea lefutso e bakoang ke ho senngoa ha lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tse bakang matšoao a kang jaundice, ho ruruha matsohong le maotong le bohloko 'meleng oohle.

Tsela ea ho phekola: kalafo e etsoa ka meriana ho kokobetsa matšoao a motho e mong le e mong, hobane ha ho na kalafo e ka folisang mofuta ona oa phokolo ea mali.

Phokolo ea mali ea aplastic

Ke lefu le itšireletsang mafung moo 'moko oa masapo o liehisang tlhahiso ea lisele tsa mali, o baka matšoao a joalo ka matetetso letlalong, matetetso a mangata khafetsa le ho tsoa mali tse nkang nako e telele ho emisa.

Tsela ea ho phekola: kalafo ea eona e etsoa ka ho kenyelletsa 'moko oa masapo le ho tšeloa mali, ha a sa phekoloe hantle, a ka lebisa lefung le ka tlase ho selemo se le seng.