Lithethefatsi tsa Coronavirus (COVID-19): e amohetsoe ebile e ntse e ithuta

Litaba

• Litlhare tse lumelletsoeng tsa coronavirus
• Lipheko li ntse li ithutoa
• 1. Ivermectin
• 2. Plitidepsin
• 3. Khopotso hape
• 4. Dexamethasone
• 5. Hydroxychloroquine le chloroquine
• 6. Colchicine
• 7. Mefloquine
• 8. Tocilizumab
• 9. Lero la mali la Convalescent
• 10. Avifavir
• 11. Baricitinib
• 12. EXO-CD24
• Likhetho tsa pheko ea tlhaho bakeng sa coronavirus

Hajoale, ha ho na lithethefatsi tse tsebahalang tse khonang ho felisa coronavirus e ncha 'meleng' me, ka lebaka lena, maemong a mangata, kalafo e etsoa ka mehato e fokolang feela le meriana e khonang ho kokobetsa matšoao a COVID-19.

Maemo a bobebe, a nang le matšoao a ts'oanang le feberu e tloaelehileng, a ka alafshoa hae ka phomolo, metsi le ts'ebeliso ea meriana ea feberu le ho kokobetsa bohloko. Maemo a tebileng ka ho fetesisa, ao ho ona matšoao a matla le mathata a kang pneumonia a hlahang, a hloka ho alafshoa ha a amoheloa sepetlele, hangata Litsing tsa Tlhokomelo e Matla (ICU), ho netefatsa, haholoholo, tsamaiso e lekaneng ea oksijene le ho beha leihlo lipontšo tsa bohlokoa.

Bona lintlha tse ling ka kalafo ea COVID-19.

Ntle le lithethefatsi, liente tse ling tse khahlano le COVID-19 le tsona lia ithutoa, li hlahisoa le ho ajoa. Meento ena e ts'episa ho thibela tšoaetso ea COVID-19, empa hape e bonahala e fokotsa matla a matšoao ha ts'oaetso e etsahala. Utloisisa hantle hore na ke liente life tse khahlano le COVID-19 tse teng, hore na li sebetsa joang le litlamorao tse ka bang teng.

Litlhare tse lumelletsoeng tsa coronavirus

Meriana e lumelletsoeng kalafo ea coronavirus, ke Anvisa le Lekala la Bophelo, ke ba khonang ho imolla matšoao a ts'oaetso joalo ka:

• Li-antipyretics: ho theola mocheso le ho loantša feberu;
• Ho kokobetsa bohloko: ho kokobetsa bohloko ba mesifa 'meleng oohle;
• Lithibela-mafu: ho phekola tšoaetso e ka bang teng ea baktheria e ka hlahang ka COVID-19.

Litlhare tsena li lokela ho sebelisoa feela tlasa tataiso ea ngaka mme, leha li ngolisitsoe bakeng sa kalafo ea coronavirus e ncha, ha li khone ho felisa vaerase 'meleng, empa li sebelisoa feela ho kokobetsa matšoao le ho ntlafatsa boiketlo ba motho ya nang le tšoaetso.

Lipheko li ntse li ithutoa

Ntle le litlhare tse thusang ho kokobetsa matšoao, linaha tse 'maloa li nts'etsapele lithuto tsa liphoofolo tsa laboratori le bakuli ba nang le tšoaetso ho leka ho fumana setlhare se ka felisang vaerase' meleng.

Lithethefatsi tse ithutoang ha lia lokela ho sebelisoa ntle le tataiso ea ngaka, kapa e le mokhoa oa ho thibela tšoaetso, kaha li ka baka litla-morao tse fapaneng mme tsa beha bophelo kotsing.

Se latelang ke lenane la lithethefatsi tse ka sehloohong tse ithutoang bakeng sa coronavirus e ncha:

1. Ivermectin

Ivermectin ke vermifuge e bonts'itsoeng bakeng sa kalafo ea tšoaetso ea likokoana-hloko, e bakang mathata a kang onchocerciasis, elephantiasis, pediculosis (linta), ascariasis (roundworms), scabies kapa mala a mala coronavirus e ntjha, in vitro.

Phuputso e entsoeng Australia, e lekile ivermectin ka laboratoring, litsong tsa sele in vitro, mme ha fumanwa hore ntho ena e kgonne ho fedisa vaerase ya SARS-CoV-2 nakong ya dihora tse 48 ^[7]. Leha ho le joalo, liteko tsa bongaka ho batho lia hlokahala ho netefatsa katleho ea tsona ka vivo, hammoho le tekanyetso ea kalafo le polokeho ea meriana, e lebelletsoeng ho etsahala nakong e pakeng tsa likhoeli tse 6 ho isa ho tse 9.

Ho phaella moo, phuputso e 'ngoe e bontšitse hore ts'ebeliso ea ivermectin ke bakuli ba fumanoeng ba na le COVID-19 e bontša kotsi e fokotsehileng ea mathata le kholo ea mafu, ho bontša hore ivermectin e ka ntlafatsa seoa sa lefu lena ^[33]. Ka nako e ts'oanang, phuputso e entsoeng Bangladesh e bonts'a ts'ebeliso ea ivermectin (12 mg) bakeng sa matsatsi a 5 e ne e sebetsa hantle ebile e bolokehile kalafong ea COVID-19 ^[34].

Ka Pherekhong 2020 ^[35] Khopolo-taba ea bafuputsi ba India ea hore ivermectin e tla khona ho kena-kenana le ho tsamaisa vaerase ho ea fihla khubung ea lisele, ho thibela nts'etsopele ea ts'oaetso, e phatlalalitsoe koranteng ea mahlale, leha ho le joalo phello ena e ka khonahala feela ka tekanyetso e phahameng ea ivermectin, eo e ka bang chefo ho 'mele oa motho.

Phuputso e ngoe e lokollotsoeng ka December 2020 ^[36] e boetse e bonts'itse hore ts'ebeliso ea li-nanoparticles tse nang le ivermectin e ka fokotsa polelo ea li-receptor tsa ACE2 tsa lisele, ea fokotsa monyetla oa hore vaerase e itlamelle ho li-receptor tsena le ho baka ts'oaetso. Leha ho le joalo, phuputso ena e entsoe ka in vitro feela, 'me ho ke ke ha khoneha ho bolela hore sephetho se tla tšoana le vivo. Ntle le moo, kaha ona ke mofuta o mocha oa kalafo, lithuto tsa chefo lia hlokahala.

Leha ho bile le liphetho tsena, ho hlokahala lithuto tse ling ho bonts'a katleho ea ivermectin kalafong ea COVID-19, hammoho le phello ea eona ho thibela ts'oaetso. Bona ho eketsehileng ka ts'ebeliso ea ivermectin khahlano le COVID-19.

Ntlafatso ea la 2 Phupu 2020:

Lekhotla la Khemisi ea São Paulo (CRF-SP) le phatlalalitse lengolo la tekheniki ^[20] moo e bolelang hore lithethefatsi ivermectin e bonts'a tšebetso ea likokoana-hloko lithutong tse ling tsa in-vitro, empa ho hlokahala lipatlisiso tse ling ho nahana hore ivermectin e ka sebelisoa ka polokeho bathong khahlano le COVID-19.

Kahoo, o eletsa hore thekiso ea ivermectin e lokela ho etsoa feela ka tlhahiso ea lengolo la ngaka le ka har'a litekanyetso le linako tse laetsoeng ke ngaka.

Ntlafatso ea Phupu 10, 2020:

Ho latela lengolo le hlalosang le hlalositsoeng ke ANVISA ^[22], ha ho na lithuto tsa makhaola-khang tse pakang ts'ebeliso ea ivermectin bakeng sa kalafo ea COVID-19, mme ts'ebeliso ea moriana ho phekola ts'oaetso ea coronavirus e ncha e lokela ho ba boikarabello ba ngaka e tataisang kalafo.

Ntle le moo, liphetho tsa pele tse hlahisitsoeng ke phuputso e entsoeng ke Setsi sa Setsi sa Biomedical Science (ICB) sa USP ^[23], bontša hore ivermectin, leha e khona ho felisa vaerase liseleng tse tšoaelitsoeng ka laboratoring, e baka le lefu la lisele tsena, tse ka supang hore setlhare sena e kanna ea se be tharollo ea kalafo e molemohali.

Ntlafatsa December 9, 2020:

Tokomaneng e phatlalalitsoeng ke Mokhatlo oa Brazil oa Mafu a Infectious (SBI) ^[37] ho bonts'itsoe hore ha ho na khothaletso bakeng sa kalafo ea pele ea kalafo ea meriana le / kapa prophylactic bakeng sa COVID-19 ka meriana efe kapa efe, ho kenyeletsoa ivermectin, kaha lithuto tsa bongaka tse hlophisitsoeng ho fihlela joale ha li bontše melemo mme, ho latela tekanyetso, e sebelisitsoeng, e kanna ea amahanngoa le litla-morao tse ka bang le litlamorao ho bophelo bo botle ba motho ka kakaretso.

Ntlafatsa Hlakubele 4, 2021:

Merck, e leng k'hamphani ea meriana e ikarabellang bakeng sa tlhahiso ea lithethefatsi Ivermectin, e bontšitse hore liphuputsong tse ntlafalitsoeng ha ea ka ea supa bopaki bofe kapa bofe ba mahlale bo supang matla a kalafo a moriana ona khahlano le COVID-19, ebile ha e supe phello ho bakuli se se se fumanoe se na le lefu lena.

2. Plitidepsin

Plitidepsin ke moriana o loantšang hlahala o hlahisoang ke laboratori ea Spain e bonts'itsoeng kalafo ea linyeoe tse ngata tsa myeloma, empa hape e nang le tšusumetso e matla khahlanong le vaerase khahlano le coronavirus e ncha.

Ho latela boithuto bo entsoeng United States ^[39], plitidepsin e ile ea khona ho fokotsa bongata ba vaerase ea coronavirus ho fihlela ho 99% matšoafong a likhoto tsa laboratori tse tšoaelitsoeng ke COVID-19. Bafuputsi ba buella katleho ea sethethefatsi ka bokhoni ba sona ba ho thibela protheine e teng liseleng tse bohlokoa hore vaerase e ngatafale le ho hasana 'meleng oohle.

Liphetho tsena, hammoho le taba ea hore setlhare se se se ntse se sebelisoa ho batho bakeng sa kalafo ea myeloma e mengata, li fana ka maikutlo a hore moriana o na le monyetla o bolokehileng oa ho lekoa ho bakuli ba batho ba tšoaelitsoeng ke COVID-19. Ka hona, ho bohlokoa ho emela sephetho sa liteko tsena tsa bongaka ho utloisisa litekanyetso le chefo e ka bang teng ea moriana.

3. Khopotso hape

Ena ke moriana o thibelang likokoana-hloko o pharalletseng o ileng oa etsoa ho phekola seoa sa kokoana-hloko ea Ebola, empa ha o bontše litholoana tse ntle joalo ka lintho tse ling. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona e pharalletseng khahlanong le livaerase, e ntse e ithutoa ho utloisisa hore na e ka hlahisa litholoana tse ntle ho feliseng ha coronavirus e ncha.

Lithuto tsa pele tse entsoeng laboratoring ka meriana ena, ka bobeli United States ^{[1] [2]}, joalo ka Chaena ^[3], e bontšitse litlamorao tse ts'episang, hobane ntho eo e ile ea khona ho thibela ho pheta-pheta le ho ata ha coronavirus e ncha, hammoho le livaerase tse ling tsa lelapa la coronavirus.

Leha ho le joalo, pele e ka eletsoa e le mofuta oa kalafo, moriana ona o hloka ho etsa lithuto tse 'maloa le batho, ho utloisisa katleho ea ona ea' nete le polokeho. Kahoo, hajoale, ho na le lithuto tse ka bang 6 tse ntseng li etsoa ka palo e phahameng ea bakuli ba tšoaelitsoeng ke COVID-19, ka bobeli United States, Europe le Japane, empa liphetho li lokela ho lokolloa feela ka Mmesa , hajoale, ha ho na bopaki ba hore Remdesivir e ka sebelisoa ka polokeho ho felisa coronavirus e ncha bathong.

Ntlafatso ea la 29 Mmesa 2020:

Ho latela lipatlisiso tse entsoeng ke Saense ea Gileade ^[8], United States, ts'ebeliso ea Remdesivir ho bakuli ba nang le COVID-19 e bonahala e hlahisa litholoana tse tšoanang nakong ea kalafo ea matsatsi a 5 kapa a 10, 'me maemong ka bobeli bakuli ba lokolloa sepetlele ka matsatsi a ka bang 14 le lehlakore la liketsahalo litlamorao le tsona li tlase. Phuputso ena ha e bontše ho sebetsa hantle ha moriana ho felisa coronavirus e ncha, ka hona, lithuto tse ling li ntse li etsoa.

Ntlafatso ea Mots'eanong 16, 2020:

Phuputso e entsoeng Chaena ho bakuli ba 237 ba nang le litlamorao tse matla tsa ts'oaetso ea COVID-19 ^[15] e tlalehile hore bakuli ba alafiloeng ka setlhare sena ba bontšitse ho fola kapele ha ho bapisoa le bakuli ba taolo, ka karolelano ea matsatsi a 10 ha a bapisoa le matsatsi a 14 a hlahisoang ke sehlopha se alafiloeng ka placebo.

Ntlafatsa Mots'eanong oa 22, 2020:

Tlaleho ea pele ea lipatlisiso tse ling tse entsoeng United States le Remdesivir ^[16] hape a supa hore ts'ebeliso ea moriana ona ho bonahala e fokotsa nako ea ho hlaphoheloa ho batho ba baholo ba sepetlele, hape le ho fokotsa menyetla ea tšoaetso e tlase ea phefumoloho.

Ntlafatsa Phupu 26, 2020:

Ho ea ka phuputso e entsoeng ke Sekolo sa Bophelo sa Sechaba sa Boston University ^[26], remdesivir e fokotsa nako ea kalafo ho bakuli ba amoheloang ICU.

Nchafatso ea November 5, 2020:

Tlaleho ea hoqetela ea boithuto bo ntseng bo etsoa United States le Remdesivir e supa hore ts'ebeliso ea moriana ona, ha e le hantle, e fokotsa nako e tloaelehileng ea ho hlaphoheloa ho batho ba baholo ba lipetlele, ho tloha matsatsing a 15 ho isa ho a 10 ^[31].

Nchafatso ea November 19, 2020:

FDA naheng ea United States e ntšitse tumello ea tšohanyetso ^[32] e lumellang ts'ebeliso e kopaneng ea Remdesivir le setlhare sa Baricitinib, kalafong ea bakuli ba nang le ts'oaetso e matla ea coronavirus le ba hlokang oksijene kapa moea o kenang.

Nchafatso ea November 20, 2020:

WHO e ile ea eletsa khahlanong le ts'ebeliso ea Remdesivir kalafong ea bakuli ba nang le COVID-19 ka lebaka la khaello ea tlhaiso-leseling e bontšang hore Remdesivir e fokotsa sekhahla sa lefu.

4. Dexamethasone

Dexamethasone ke mofuta oa corticosteroid e sebelisoang haholo ho bakuli ba nang le mathata a sa foleng a ho hema, joalo ka asthma, empa e ka sebelisoa le ho mathata a mang a ho ruruha, joalo ka ramatiki kapa ho ruruha ha letlalo. Meriana ena e lekile e le mokhoa oa ho fokotsa matšoao a COVID-19, kaha e ka thusa ho fokotsa ho ruruha 'meleng.

Ho ea ka phuputso e ntseng e etsoa UK ^[18], dexamethasone e bonahala e le sethethefatsi sa pele se lekiloeng ho fokotsa haholo palo ea batho ba kulang haholo ba nang le COVID-19. Ho latela liphetho tsa phuputso, dexamethasone e atlehile ho fokotsa sekhahla sa batho ba shoang ho fihlela matsatsi a 28 kamora ho tšoaetsoa ke coronavirus e ncha, haholo ho batho ba hlokang ho thusoa ka moea kapa ho fana ka oksijene.

Ho bohlokoa ho hopola hore dexamethasone ha e felise coronavirus 'meleng, e thusa feela ho fokotsa matšoao le ho qoba mathata a tebileng.

Ntlafatso ea la 19 Phuptjane 2020:

Mokhatlo oa Brazil oa mafu a tšoaetsanoang o khothalelitse ts'ebeliso ea dexamethasone matsatsi a 10 bakeng sa kalafo ea bakuli bohle ba nang le COVID-19 ba amoheloang ICU ka moea o kenang ka mochini kapa ba hlokang ho fumana oksijene. Leha ho le joalo, corticosteroids ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa maemong a bobebe kapa e le mokhoa oa ho thibela tšoaetso ^[19].

Ntlafatsa Phupu 17, 2020:

Ho latela lipatlisiso tsa mahlale tse entsoeng United Kingdom ^[24], kalafo e nang le dexamethasone matsatsi a 10 ka tatellano e bonahala e fokotsa sekhahla sa lefu ho bakuli ba nang le ts'oaetso e matla haholo ke coronavirus e ncha, e hlokang setsidifatsi. Maemong ana, sekhahla sa lefu se bonahala se theohile ho tloha ho 41.4% ho isa ho 29.3%. Ho bakuli ba bang, phello ea kalafo ka dexamethasone ha ea ka ea bontša sephetho se joalo.

Ntlafatsa Loetse 2, 2020:

Tlhatlhobo ea meta e ipapisitseng le liteko tsa bongaka tsa 7 ^[29] o phethetse ka hore ts'ebeliso ea dexamethasone le li-corticosteroids tse ling li ka fokotsa lefu la bakuli ba kulang haholo ba tšoaelitsoeng ke COVID-19.

Ntlafatsa ka Loetse 18, 2020:

Setsi sa European Medicines Agency (EMA) ^[30] e amohetse ts'ebeliso ea dexamethasone ho phekola bacha le batho ba baholo ba tšoaelitsoeng ke coronavirus e ncha, ba hlokang tšehetso ea oksijene kapa moea o kenang moeeng.

5. Hydroxychloroquine le chloroquine

Hydroxychloroquine, hammoho le chloroquine, ke lintho tse peli tse sebelisoang ho phekola bakuli ba nang le malaria, lupus le mathata a mang a itseng a bophelo bo botle, empa a ntse a sa nkoe a bolokehile maemong 'ohle a COVID-19.

Boithuto bo entsoeng Fora ^[4] le China ^[5], e bontšitse litlamorao tse ts'episang tsa chloroquine le hydroxychloroquine ho fokotsa boima ba vaerase le ho fokotsa ho tsamaisoa ha vaerase ka liseleng, ho fokotsa bokhoni ba vaerase ho ngatafala, ka hona ho folisa kapele. Leha ho le joalo, lithuto tsena li entsoe ka mehlala e menyenyane mme ha se liteko tsohle tse ntle.

Hajoale, ho latela Lekala la Bophelo la Brazil, chloroquine e ka sebelisoa feela ho batho ba amoheloang sepetlele, ka matsatsi a 5, ka leihlo le sa feleng, ho lekola ponahalo ea litlamorao tse mpe tse ka bang teng, joalo ka mathata a pelo kapa liphetoho ponong .

Ntlafatso ea la 4 Mmesa 2020:

E 'ngoe ea lithuto tse tsoelang pele, ka tšebeliso e kopaneng ea hydroxychloroquine le lithibela-mafu azithromycin ^[9], Fora, e hlahisitse sephetho se tšepisang sehlopheng sa bakuli ba 80 ba nang le matšoao a itekanetseng a COVID-19. Sehlopheng sena, phokotso e tšoailoeng ea bongata ba vaerase ea coronavirus e ncha 'meleng e ile ea tsejoa, kamora matsatsi a ka bang 8 a kalafo, e leng ka tlase ho karolelano ea libeke tse 3 tse hlahisitsoeng ke batho ba sa kang ba fumana kalafo e itseng.

Phuputsong ena, ho bakuli ba 80 ba ithutileng, ke motho a le mong feela ea ileng a qetella a shoele, kaha a ka be a ile a amoheloa sepetlele ka nako e tsoetseng pele haholo ea ts'oaetso, e ka bang e sitisitse kalafo.

Liphetho tsena li ntse li ts'ehetsa khopolo ea hore ts'ebeliso ea hydroxychloroquine e ka ba tsela e bolokehileng ea ho phekola tšoaetso ea COVID-19, haholo maemong a matšoao a bonolo ho isa ho a itekanetseng, ntle le ho fokotsa kotsi ea phetiso ea mafu. Leha ho le joalo, ho a hlokahala ho emela liphetho tsa lithuto tse ling tse ntseng li etsoa ka sethethefatsi, ho fumana sephetho ka sampole e kholo ea baahi.

Ntlafatso ea la 23 Mmesa, 2020:

Federal Council of Medicine ea Brazil e lumelletse tšebeliso ea Hydroxychloroquine e kopane le Azithromycin ka bohlale ba ngaka, ho bakuli ba nang le matšoao a bonolo kapa a itekanetseng, empa ba sa hlokeng ho amoheloa ha ICU, moo mafu a mang a vaerase, a kang Influenza kapa H1N1 , mme tlhahlobo ea COVID-19 e netefalitsoe ^[12].

Kahoo, ka lebaka la khaello ea liphetho tse matla tsa mahlale, motswako ona oa lithethefatsi o lokela ho sebelisoa feela ka tumello ea mokuli le ka tlhahiso ea ngaka, kamora ho lekola likotsi tse ka bang teng.

Ntlafatso ea Mots'eanong 22, 2020:

Ho ea ka phuputso e entsoeng United States le bakuli ba 811 ^[13]Ts'ebeliso ea Chloroquine le Hydroxychloroquine, e amanang le azithromycin, ha e bonahale e na le litlamorao tse ntle kalafong ea COVID-19, e bile e bonahala e eketsa palo ea batho ba shoang habeli, kaha lithethefatsi tsena li eketsa kotsi ea mathata a lefu la pelo, haholo-holo arrhythmia le atrial fibrillation.

Ho fihlela joale, ena ke phuputso e kholo ka ho fetesisa e entsoeng ka hydroxychloroquine le chloroquine. Kaha liphetho tse hlahisitsoeng li khahlanong le se boletsoeng ka lithethefatsi tsena, lithuto tse ling li ntse li hlokahala.

Ntlafatso ea Mots'eanong 25, 2020:

Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (WHO) o emisitse lipatlisiso ka nakoana ka hydroxychloroquine eo e ileng ea e hokahanya linaheng tse 'maloa. Ho fanyeha ho lokela ho bolokoa ho fihlela polokeho ea moriana e hlahlojoa bocha.

Ntlafatso ea Mots'eanong 30, 2020:

Setereke sa Espírito Santo, Brazil, se ile sa tlosa sesupo sa ts'ebeliso ea chloroquine ho bakuli ba nang le COVID-19 ba maemong a tebileng.

Ntle le moo, bachochisi ba Lefapha la Sechaba la São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Sergipe le Pernambuco ba kopa ho emisoa ha melaoana e supang ts'ebeliso ea hydroxychloroquine le chloroquine kalafong ea bakuli ba nang le COVID-19.

Nchafatso ea la 4 Phuptjane 2020:

Makasine oa Lancet o ile oa tlosa phatlalatso ea phuputso ea bakuli ba 811 e bonts'itseng hore ts'ebeliso ea hydroxychloroquine le chloroquine ha e na litlamorao tse ntle bakeng sa kalafo ea COVID-19, ka lebaka la bothata ba ho fihlella tlhaiso-leseling ea mantlha e hlahisitsoeng phuputsong.

Ntlafatso ea la 15 Phuptjane 2020:

FDA, eo e leng 'mele o moholo oa taolo ea lithethefatsi United States, e tlositse tumello ea ts'ohanyetso bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea chloroquine le hydroxychloroquine kalafong ea COVID-19 ^[17], Ho lokafatsa boemo bo phahameng ba kotsi ba sethethefatsi le menyetla e bonahalang e le tlase bakeng sa kalafo ea coronavirus e ncha.

Ntlafatsa Phupu 17, 2020:

Mokhatlo oa Brazil oa mafu a tšoaetsanoang ^[25] e khothaletsa hore ts'ebeliso ea hydroxychloroquine kalafong ea COVID-19 e tloheloe, ka nako efe kapa efe ea ts'oaetso.

Ntlafatso ea la 23 Phupu 2020:

Ho ea ka phuputso ea Brazil ^[27], e entsoeng ka kopanelo lipakeng tsa Albert Einstein, HCor, Sírio-Libanês, Moinhos de Vento, Oswaldo Cruz le Beneficência Portuguesa Hospitals, ts'ebeliso ea hydroxychloroquine, e amanang kapa che le azithromycin, ha e bonahale e na le phello efe kapa efe kalafong ea tšoaetso e bobebe ho isa ho e itekanetseng. bakuli ba coronavirus e ncha.

6. Colchicine

Ho ea ka phuputso e entsoeng Canada ^[38], colchicine, meriana e sebelisoang haholo kalafong ea mathata a rheumatological, joalo ka gout, e ka thusa ho phekola bakuli ba nang le COVID-19.

Ho ea ka bafuputsi, sehlopha sa bakuli ba phekotsoeng ka moriana ona ho tloha ha ts'oaetso ea tšoaetso, ha e bapisoa le sehlopha se sebelisang placebo, e bonts'itse phokotso e hlakileng ea kotsi ea ho ba le mofuta o matla oa ts'oaetso. Ho feta moo, phokotso ea sepetlele le sekhahla sa lefu le eona e tlalehiloe.

7. Mefloquine

Mefloquine ke setlhare se bontšitsoeng bakeng sa thibelo le kalafo ea malaria, ho batho ba ikemiselitseng ho etela libakeng tse atileng. Ho ipapisitsoe le lithuto tse entsoeng Chaena le Italy^[6], regimen ea kalafo eo mefloquine e kopaneng le lithethefatsi tse ling e ntseng e ithutoa Russia ho netefatsa katleho ea eona ho laoleng lefu la COVID-19, empa ha ho na litholoana tse hlakileng.

Kahoo, ts'ebeliso ea mefloquine ho phekola ts'oaetso ka coronavirus e ncha ha e so khothaletsoe hobane ho hlokahala lithuto tse ling ho paka matla le polokeho ea eona.

8. Tocilizumab

Tocilizumab ke moriana o fokotsang tšebetso ea sesole sa 'mele, ka hona, o sebelisoa khafetsa kalafong ea bakuli ba nang le ramatiki ea mafu, ho fokotsa ts'oaetso e matlafatsang ea boits'ireletso ba mmele, ho fokotsa ho ruruha le ho kokobetsa matšoao.

Moriana ona o ntse o ithutoa ho thusa kalafong ea COVID-19, haholo maemong a tsoetseng pele haholo a ts'oaetso, ha ho na le palo e kholo ea lintho tse ruruhang tse hlahisoang ke sesole sa 'mele, se ka mpefatsang boemo ba kliniki.

Ho ea ka phuputso e entsoeng Chaena ^[10] ho bakuli ba 15 ba tšoaelitsoeng ke COVID-19, ts'ebeliso ea tocilizumab e ipakile e sebetsa hantle ebile e baka litlamorao tse fokolang, ha e bapisoa le corticosteroids, e leng lithethefatsi tseo hangata li sebelisetsoang ho laola ho ruruha ho hlahisoang ke boits'ireletso ba mmele.

Leha ho le joalo, lithuto tse ling li hloka ho etsoa, ​​ho utloisisa hore na ke tekanyetso efe e ntle ka ho fetisisa, ho fumana kalafo ea kalafo le ho fumana hore na litlamorao ke life.

Ntlafatso ea la 29 Mmesa 2020:

Ho ea ka phuputso e ncha e entsoeng Chaena le bakuli ba 21 ba tšoaelitsoeng ke COVID-19^[14], kalafo e nang le tocilizumab e bonahala e khona ho fokotsa matšoao a ts'oaetso nakoana kamora ho fuoa sethethefatsi, ho fokotsa feberu, ho imolla maikutlo a ho tiea sefubeng le ho ntlafatsa maemo a oksijene.

Phuputso ena e entsoe ho bakuli ba nang le matšoao a matla a ts'oaetso mme e fana ka maikutlo a hore kalafo ka tocilizumab e lokela ho qalisoa kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang ha mokuli a tloha boemong bo itekanetseng ho ea boemong bo tebileng ba ts'oaetso ea coronavirus e ncha.

Ntlafatsa Phupu 11, 2020:

Phuputso e ncha e entsoeng ke Univesithi ea Michigan ho la United States ^[28], e phethetse ka hore ts'ebeliso ea tocilizumab ho bakuli ba nang le COVID-19 e bonahala e fokotsa sekhahla sa lefu ho bakuli ba nang le moea o kenang moea, leha e ekelitse kotsi ea mafu a mang.

9. Lero la mali la Convalescent

Plasma ea Convalescent ke mofuta oa kalafo ea likokoana-hloko eo ho eona ho nkuoang sampole ea mali, ho tsoa ho batho ba seng ba tšoaelitsoe ke coronavirus mme ba fola, ba ntoo etsa lits'ebetso tse ling tsa centrifugation ho arola plasma le lisele tse khubelu tsa mali. Qetellong, lero lena la mali le kenngoa ka ho motho ea kulang ho thusa sesole sa 'mele ho loantša vaerase.

Khopolo-taba ea mofuta ona oa kalafo ke hore lithibela-mafu tse hlahisitsoeng ke 'mele oa motho ea tšoaelitsoeng, le tse setseng maling, li ka fetisetsoa maling a motho e mong ea ntseng a na le lefu lena, ho thusa ho matlafatsa Ho itšireletsa mafung le ho thusa ho felisa vaerase.

Ho latela Technical Note No. 21 e lokollotsoeng ke Anvisa, naheng ea Brazil, lero la "convalescent" le ka sebelisoa e le kalafo ea liteko ho bakuli ba tšoaelitsoeng coronavirus e ncha, ha feela melao eohle ea Leihlo la Bophelo e ntse e lateloa. Ntle le moo, linyeoe tsohle tse sebelisang plasma ea kalafo bakeng sa kalafo ea COVID-19 li tlameha ho tlaleheloa ho General Coordination of Blood and Blood Products tsa Lekala la Bophelo.

10. Avifavir

Avifavir ke moriana o hlahisoang Russia o nang le motsoako o sebetsang ke favipiravir, eo ho latela Letlole la Tsetelo le Otlolohileng la Russia (RDIF) ^[21] e khona ho phekola tšoaetso ea coronavirus, kaha e kentsoe ts'ebetsong ea kalafo le thibelo ea COVID-19 Russia.

Ho ea ka liphuputso tse ntseng li etsoa, ​​matsatsing a 10, Avifavir o ne a se na litla-morao tse ncha mme, nakong ea matsatsi a 4, 65% ea bakuli ba phekotsoeng ba ile ba ba le teko e mpe ea COVID-19.

11. Baricitinib

FDA e lumelletse ts'ebeliso ea tšohanyetso ea lithethefatsi Baricitinib kalafo ea mafu a tebileng a COVID-19 ^[32]mmoho le Remdesivir. Baricitinib ke ntho e fokotsang karabelo ea sesole sa 'mele, e fokotsa ts'ebetso ea li-enzyme tse khothalletsang ho ruruha mme e kile ea sebelisoa maemong a ramatiki ea ramatiki.

Ho ea ka FDA, motswako ona o ka sebelisoa ho bakuli ba baholo le bana ba fetang lilemo tse 2, ba le sepetlele mme ba hloka kalafo ka oksijene kapa moea o kenang mochini.

12. EXO-CD24

EXO-CD24 ke setlhare se bontšitsoeng kalafo khahlano le mofetše oa mae a bomme mme se khonne ho folisa bakuli ba 29 ho ba 30 ba nang le COVID-19. Leha ho le joalo, ho ntse ho etsoa lithuto tse ling, ka palo e kholo ea batho, ka sepheo sa ho netefatsa hore na moriana ona o tla sebetsa kalafong ea lefu lena le tekanyetso e nkoang e bolokehile hore e ka sebelisoa.

Likhetho tsa pheko ea tlhaho bakeng sa coronavirus

Ho fihlela hajoale ha ho na mekhoa ea tlhaho e netefalitsoeng ea ho felisa coronavirus le ho thusa ho folisa COVID-19, leha ho le joalo, WHO e amohela hore semela Artemisia selemo e ka thusa ka kalafo ^[11], haholo-holo libakeng tseo ho tsona meriana e leng thata le ho feta 'me semela sena se sebelisoa merianeng ea setso, joalo ka libakeng tse fapaneng tsa Afrika.

Makhasi a semela Artemisia selemo li sebelisoa ka tloaelo Afrika ho thusa ho alafa malaria, ka hona, WHO ea hlokomela hore ho na le tlhoko ea lithuto ho utloisisa hore na semela sena se ka sebelisoa kalafong ea COVID-19, kaha meriana e meng ea maiketsetso khahlano le malaria le eona e bontšitse litholoana tse ts'episang .

Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa ho hopola hore ts'ebeliso ea semela ha e so netefatsoe khahlano le COVID-19 le hore lipatlisiso tse ling lia hlokahala.