Hlahala Mediastinal

Lihlahala tsa ka hare ke kholo e hlahang ho mediastinum. Sena ke sebaka se bohareng ba sefuba se arohanyang matšoafo.

Mediastinum ke karolo ea sefuba e pakeng tsa sternum le mokokotlo oa mokokotlo, le lipakeng tsa matšoafo. Sebaka sena se na le pelo, methapo e meholo ea mali, sefefo sa moea (trachea), thymus gland, 'metso le lisele tse sebetsang. Mediastinum e arotsoe likarolo tse tharo:

• Ka pele (ka pele)
• Bohareng
• Ka morao (Ka morao)

Lihlahala tse ka hare ha li fumanehe hangata.

Sebaka se tloaelehileng sa lihlahala ho mediastinum ho latela lilemo tsa motho. Ho bana, lihlahala li atile haholo kamorao ho mediastinum. Hangata lihlahala tsena li qala methapong 'me ha li na mofetše (tse kotsi).

Matšoao a mangata a ka hare ho batho ba baholo a hlaha ka hare ho mediastinum. Hangata ke li-lymphomas tse nang le kankere (tse kotsi), lihlahala tsa lisele tsa likokoana-hloko kapa thymomas. Lihlahala tsena li atile haholo bathong ba baholo le ba baholo.

Hoo e batlang e le halofo ea lihlahala tse ka hare ha li bake matšoao, 'me li fumanoa sefubeng sa x-ray ka lebaka le leng. Matšoao a hlahang a bakoa ke khatello ea mochini oa lehae 'me a ka kenyelletsa:

• Bohloko ba sefuba
• Feberu le ho bata
• Khohlela
• Ho khohlela mali (hemoptysis)
• Ho thothofala
• Mofufutso oa bosiu
• Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane

Nalane ea bongaka le tlhahlobo ea 'mele li ka bontša:

• Feberu
• Modumo o phahameng wa ho hema (stridor)
• Lymph nodes e ruruhileng kapa e bonolo (lymphadenopathy)
• Ho theola boima ba 'mele ka boomo
• Ho honotha

Liteko tse ling tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

• X-ray sefubeng
• Tlhatlhobo ea nale e tataisoang ke CT
• Tlhatlhobo ea sefuba ea CT
• Mediastinoscopy le biopsy
• MRI ea sefuba

Kalafo ea lihlahala tsa kahare e ipapisitse le mofuta oa hlahala le matšoao a eona:

• Mofetše oa kankere o phekoloa ka ho buuoa. E ka lateloa ke radiation kapa chemotherapy, ho latela sethala sa hlahala le katleho ea ho buuoa.
• Hangata lihlahala tsa lisele tsa likokoana-hloko li phekoloa ka chemotherapy.
• Bakeng sa li-lymphomas, chemotherapy ke kalafo ea khetho, mme mohlomong e lateloa ke radiation.
• Bakeng sa lihlahala tsa neurogenic tsa posterior mediastinum, ho buuoa ke eona kalafo e ka sehloohong.

Sephetho se latela mofuta oa hlahala. Lihlahala tse fapaneng li arabela ka tsela e fapaneng ho chemotherapy le radiation.

Mathata a lihlahala tsa ka hare a kenyelletsa:

• Khatello ea mokokotlo oa mokokotlo
• E-ea mehahong e haufinyane e kang pelo, e pota-potileng pelo (pericardium), le lijana tse kholo (aorta le vena cava)

Mahlaseli a kotsi, ho buuoa le chemotherapy kaofela li ka ba le mathata a tebileng.

Ikopanye le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u hlokomela matšoao a hlahala ea ka mpeng.

Lefuba - mediastinal; Lymphoma - e bohareng

• Matšoafo

Cheng GS, Varghese TK, Phakeng DR. Lihlahala tse mahareng le li-cysts. Ka: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, li-eds. Buka ea Bongaka ea Phefumoloho ea Murray le Nadel. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 83.

Mokha oa McCool. Maloetse a diaphragm, lebota la sefuba, pleura le mediastinum. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 92.