Li-Patches tsa Peyer ke eng?

Litaba

• Tlhaloso
• Li fumaneha kae?
• Mosebetsi oa bona ke ofe?
• Karabelo ea tšoaetso
• Ho mamellana ka molomo
• Maemo a amanang le likhechana tsa Peyer
• Matšoao a baktheria
• Tšoaetso ea vaerase
• Lefu la Crohn le lefu la ulcerative colitis
• Maloetse a Prion
• Ntlha ea bohlokoa

Tlhaloso

Li-patches tsa Peyer ke lihlopha tsa li-lymphoid follicles ka lera la mucus le tsamaisang mala a hau a manyane. Li-follicles tsa lymphoid ke litho tse nyane tsamaisong ea hau ea lymphatic e ts'oanang le lymph node.

Sistimi ea hau ea lymphatic e entsoe ka lisele le litho tse nang le lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali, tse thusang 'mele oa hau ho loants'a ts'oaetso. Spleen ea hau, moko oa masapo le li-lymph node kaofela ke karolo ea sistimi ea hau ea lymphatic.

Litšiea tsa Peyer li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa tlhokomelong ea boits'ireletso ba mmele ho lisebelisoa tsa hau tse silang lijo. Tlhokomelo ea 'mele ea hau ea boits'ireletso ea mmele e supa ts'ebetso eo sesole sa hau sa' mele se lemohang le ho senya likokoana-hloko tse ka bang teng.

Li fumaneha kae?

Litapole tsa Peyer li fumaneha ka maleng a hao a manyane, hangata sebakeng sa ileum. Leileum ke karolo ea ho qetela ea mala a hao a manyane. Ntle le ho sila lijo tseo u li jang, leile e monya metsi le limatlafatsi lijong.

Batho ba bangata ba na le lipatche tsa Peyer tse pakeng tsa 30 le 40, mme batho ba bacha ba tloaetse ho ba le batho ba fetang ba baholo. lumela palo ea likhechana tsa Peyer lihloeng tsa hau tsa ileum lilemong tsa bo-20.

Boholo, sebopeho, le kabo e akaretsang ea licheche tsa Peyer li fapana ho ea ka batho.

Mosebetsi oa bona ke ofe?

Litlhaku tsa Peyer li na le mesebetsi e 'meli ea bohlokoa e amanang le sesole sa hau sa' mele le hore na e arabela joang ho mafu a ka bang teng.

Karabelo ea tšoaetso

Li-patches tsa Peyer li na le lisele tse fapaneng tsa boits'ireletso, ho kenyeletsoa macrophages, lisele tsa dendritic, lisele tsa T, le lisele tsa B. Ho boetse ho na le lisele tse ikhethang, tse bitsoang M cell, pela lipache tsa hau tsa Peyer. Lisele tsena tsa M li fepa li-antigen ho li-macrophages le lisele tsa dendritic tsa likhechana tsa Peyer tsa hau. Antigen ke ntho, joalo ka vaerase, e ka hlahisang karabelo ho sesole sa hau sa 'mele.

Li-macrophages le lisele tsa dendritic ebe li bonts'a li-antigen tsena ho lisele tsa hau tsa T le lisele tsa B, tse khethollang hore na antigen e hloka karabelo ea 'mele kapa che. Haeba ba hlokomela antigen e le kokoana-hloko e kotsi, lisele tsa T le lisele tsa B tse lipapaling tsa Peyer li bontša sesole sa hau sa 'mele ho se hlasela.

Ka linako tse ling, libaktheria le livaerase li ka qhekella mochini ona ebe li o sebelisa ho kena 'meleng oa hau ka maleng a hao a manyane.

Ho mamellana ka molomo

Ntho e ngoe le e ngoe eo u e jang qetellong e ea mala a hao a manyane. 'Mele oa hau ha o ananele lijo e le lintho tse tsoang kantle ho naha ka lebaka la ntho e bitsoang mamello ea' mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung. Sena se bolela thibelo ea likarabo tsa boits'ireletso mafung ho li-antigen tse itseng. Li-patches tsa Peyer tsa hau hangata li sampole lintho tse ka har'a mala a hau a manyane, ka hona li kanna tsa bapala karolo ea ho tseba hore na ke lintho life tse hlokang karabelo ea 'mele.

Ha ho na motho ea nang le bonnete ba hore na karolo e tobileng ea likhakanyo tsa Peyer ts'ebetsong ena ke efe. Boithuto bo hlokometsoeng bo amanang le litoeba. Litoeba tse nang le phokotso ea nts'etsopele ea Peyer li bile le nako e thata ea ho mamella liprotheine e le batho ba baholo, empa eseng metsoako e meng. Leha ho le joalo, tlhahlobo e tšoanang e boetse e hlokometse hore lithuto tse ling li fihletse qeto ea hore ho se be le likhechana tsa Peyer ho bonahala ho sa mamelle mamello ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung.

Litapole tsa Peyer li kanna tsa bapala karolo e itseng ho nts'etsopele ea mamello ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung, empa bafuputsi ba ntse ba fumana lintlha.

Maemo a amanang le likhechana tsa Peyer

Matšoao a baktheria

Mefuta e fapaneng ea libaktheria e ka hlasela 'mele oa hau ka ho lebisa liseleng tsa M le mabala a Peyer. Mohlala, 2010 e hlokometse seo Listeria monocytogenes, e bakang listeria, e sebelisana le M cell le likhechana tsa Peyer. The L. monocytogenes libaktheria li ka:

• falla ka mokhoa o atlehileng ka lisele tsa M mme o kenelle ka potlako litsing tsa Peyer tsa litoeba
• ikatisa ka hara matheba a Peyer
• tloha kapele ho tloha liphatheng tsa Peyer ho ea lithong tse ling tsa ka hare

Mefuta e meng ea libaktheria tse tsejoang ho etsa sena e kenyelletsa enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, e bakang E. coli tšoaetso, le Salmonella typhimurium, e ka bakang chefo ea lijo.

Tšoaetso ea vaerase

Livaerase li ka sebelisa M cell ho kenya likarolo tsa Peyer tsa hau ebe li qala ho li pheta. Mohlala, re hlokometse hore pholio, e bakang pholio, e khetha ho ikatisa ka mpeng ea hau e nyane.

Likokoana-hloko tse ling tse tsejoang ho etsa sena li kenyelletsa HIV-1, e bakang mofuta o atileng ka ho fetisisa oa HIV.

Lefu la Crohn le lefu la ulcerative colitis

Lefu la Crohn le lefu la ulcerative colitis ke mefuta e 'meli ea mafu a ho ruruha. Lefu la Crohn hangata le kenyelletsa ho ruruha ha ileum ea hau, ha ulcerative colitis hangata e kenyelletsa colon ea hau.

Batho ba nang le e 'ngoe ea tsona' me ba tloaetse ho ba le liso kapa ba le haufi le likhechana tsa Peyer, ba fana ka maikutlo a hore ba ka ba le seabo nts'etsopele ea maemo ana.

Maloetse a Prion

Prions ke likokoana-hloko tse ka fetolang sebopeho kapa sebopeho sa liprotheine, haholoholo tse bokong. Maemo a kenyelletsang li-prion a tsejoa e le mafu a prion. Mohlala o tloaelehileng ke lefu la Creutzfeldt-Jakob, leo ho ka etsahalang hore le bakoa ke prion e ts'oanang e ikarabellang bakeng sa lefu la likhomo tse hlanya likhomo.

Maemong a mangata, li-prion li kenoa ka lijo, ka hona hangata li kena ka maleng a hao a manyane pele li fumana likarolo tse ling tsa 'mele oa hau, joalo ka boko ba hau. Ba bang ba fumane li-prion tse ngata lihlopheng tsa Peyer tsa mefuta e mengata ea liphoofolo. Ntle le moo, litoeba tse nang le likhahla tse fokolang tsa Peyer li bonahala e le mafu a prion.

Ntlha ea bohlokoa

Litapole tsa Peyer ke libaka tse nyane mpeng ea hau e nyane, haholo karolo e tlase. Hammoho le lisele tsa M, li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho fumaneng likokoana-hloko tse tsamaeang le tšilo ea lijo. Leha ho le joalo, likhechana tsa Peyer le tsona li ka nka karolo ho nts'etsopele ea maemo a 'maloa, ho kenyeletsoa le mafu a ho ruruha a mala, leha karolo ena e e-so utloisisoe hantle.