Sengoli: Peter Berry
Letsatsi La Creation: 20 Phupu 2021
Ntlafatsa Letsatsi: 19 November 2024
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Organic Brain Disorder II B Sc Nursing 3rd Year II Mental Health Nursing II
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Litaba

Mathata a Neurocognitive ke afe?

Mathata a kelello ke sehlopha sa maemo a atisang ho lebisa ho ts'ebetsong ea kelello. Boloetse ba boko ba tlhaho e kile ea eba lona lentsoe le hlalosang maemo ana, empa mathata a kelello Hona joale ke lentsoe le sebelisoang haholo.

Mathata a methapo ea kutlo a atisang ho hlaha ho batho ba baholo, empa a ka ama le bacha. Mosebetsi o fokotsehileng oa kelello o ka kenyelletsa:

  • mathata a ho hopola
  • liphetoho boitšoarong
  • ho thatafalloa ho utloisisa puo
  • bothata ba ho etsa mesebetsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi

Matšoao ana a ka bakoa ke boemo ba methapo ea pelo, joalo ka lefu la Alzheimer kapa 'dementia'. Maloetse a bakoang ke ho fetoha ha methapo ea mali a baka hore boko le methapo li senyehe ha nako e ntse e tsamaea, e leng se tla baka tahlehelo ea butle-butle ea tšebetso ea methapo. Mathata a kelello a ka ntlafala hape ka lebaka la khatello ea kelello kapa ts'ebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi. Bafani ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo hangata ba ka tseba sesosa sa mathata a methapo ea kutlo ho latela matšoao a tlalehiloeng le litholoana tsa liteko tsa tlhahlobo. Sesosa le ho tiea ha mathata a methapo ea kutlo ho ka thusa bafani ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ho fumana kalafo e nepahetseng.


Pono ea nako e telele bakeng sa batho ba nang le mathata a methapo ea kutlo e latela sesosa. Ha lefu la neurodegenerative le baka lefu la methapo ea kutlo, boemo bo lula bo mpefala ha nako e ntse e feta. Maemong a mang, ts'ebetso ea kelello e fokotsehileng e ka ba ea nakoana feela, ka hona batho ba ka lebella ho fola ka botlalo.

Matšoao a lefu la kelello ke lefe?

Matšoao a mathata a methapo ea kutlo a ka fapana ho latela sesosa. Ha boemo bona bo hlaha ka lebaka la lefu la methapo ea kutlo, batho ba ka ba le:

  • ho lebala
  • pherekano
  • ho tšoenyeha

Matšoao a mang a ka hlahang ho batho ba nang le mathata a methapo ea kutlo a kenyelletsa:

  • ho tšoaroa ke hlooho, haholo-holo ho ba nang le bothata ba ho akheha kapa ho tsoa likotsi kelellong bokong
  • ho hloleha ho tsepamisa maikutlo kapa ho tsepamisa maikutlo
  • ho lahleheloa ke nako e khutšoane
  • ho thatafalloa ho etsa mesebetsi e tloahelehileng, joalo ka ho khanna
  • ho thatafalloa ke ho tsamaea le ho leka-lekanya
  • liphetoho ponong

Ke Eng e Bakang Mathata a Neurocognitive?

Lebaka le tloaelehileng haholo la mathata a methapo ea kutlo ke lefu la methapo ea pelo. Mafu a tšoaetsanoang ke methapo ea pelo a ka lebisang nts'etsopele ea mathata a kelello a kenyelletsa:


  • Lefu la Alzheimer
  • Lefu la Parkinson
  • Lefu la Huntington
  • 'dementia'
  • lefu la prion
  • lefu la sclerosis

Ho batho ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 60, leha ho le joalo, mathata a methapo ea kutlo a ka etsahala kamora ho tsoa kotsi kapa tšoaetso. Maemo a sa tloaelehang a ka bakang mathata a kelello a kenyelletsa:

  • pherekano
  • kotsi e bohloko ea boko e bakang ho tsoa ha madi bokong kapa sebaka se potileng boko
  • ho koala mali
  • meningitis
  • encephalitis
  • septicemia
  • tšebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi kapa joala
  • khaello ea vithamine

Lisosa tsa Kotsi ea Mathata a Neurocognitive ke Life?

Kotsi ea hau ea ho ba le mathata a methapo ea kutlo e latela mokhoa oa hau oa bophelo le litloaelo tsa letsatsi le letsatsi. Ho sebetsa tikolohong e pepesehetseng tšepe e boima ho ka eketsa menyetla ea hau ea ho ba le mathata a methapo ea kutlo. Lisebelisoa tse boima, tse kang lead le mercury, li ka senya tsamaiso ea methapo ha nako e ntse e tsamaea. Sena se bolela hore khafetsa ho pepesehela lisebelisoa tsena ho u beha kotsing e eketsehileng ea ho fokotsa ts'ebetso ea kelello.


U na le monyetla oa ho ba le mathata a kelello haeba u:

  • ba ka holimo ho lilemo tse 60
  • na le lefu la pelo le methapo
  • na le lefu la tsoekere
  • ho sebelisa joala hampe kapa lithethefatsi
  • kenya letsoho lipapaling tse nang le kotsi e kholo ea ts'itiso ea hlooho, joalo ka bolo ea maoto le rugby

Mathata a Neurocognitive a fumanoa joang?

Mathata a kelello ha a bakoe ke lefu la kelello. Leha ho le joalo, matšoao a mangata a mathata a methapo ea kutlo a tšoana le a mathata a itseng a kelello, ho kenyelletsa schizophrenia, khatello ea maikutlo le psychosis. Ho etsa bonnete ba hore tlhahlobo e nepahetseng e fumaneha, bafani ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba tla etsa liteko tse fapaneng tsa ho hlahloba tse ka khethollang matšoao a mathata a methapo ea kutlo le a lefu la kelello. Hangata liteko tsena li kenyelletsa:

  • Cranial CT scan: Teko ena e sebelisa letoto la litšoantšo tsa X-ray ho etsa litšoantšo tsa lehata, boko, libe le lisokisi tsa mahlo. E ka sebelisoa ho hlahloba lisele tse bonolo bokong.
  • hlooho ea MRI scan: Teko ena ea ho nka litšoantšo e sebelisa makenete a matla le maqhubu a seea-le-moea ho hlahisa litšoantšo tse hlakileng tsa boko. Litšoantšo tsena li ka bontša matšoao a tšenyo ea boko.
  • Sesebelisoa sa positron emission tomography (PET): Sesebelisoa sa PET se sebelisa dae e khethehileng e nang le lits'oants'o tsa radioactive. Li-tracer tsena li kenella ka mothapong ebe li hasana ho pholletsa le 'mele, ho totobatsa libaka tse senyehileng.
  • electroencephalogram (EEG): EEG e lekanya tšebetso ea motlakase bokong. Teko ena e ka thusa ho fumana mathata afe kapa afe a amanang le tšebetso ena.

Mathata a Neurocognitive a Tšoaroa Joang?

Kalafo ea mathata a methapo ea kutlo e fapana ho latela sesosa. Maemo a mang a ka hloka feela phomolo le meriana. Maloetse a tšoaetsanoang ke methapo a ka hloka mefuta e fapaneng ea kalafo.

Kalafo ea mathata a kelello e ka kenyelletsa:

  • phomolo ea bethe ho fa likotsi nako ea ho fola
  • meriana ea bohloko, e kang indomethacin, ho imolla hlooho
  • Lithibela-mafu ho hlakola tšoaetso e setseng e amang boko, joalo ka meningitis
  • ho buuoa ho lokisa tšenyo e mpe ea boko
  • Phekolo ea mosebetsing ho thusa ho ntlafatsa tsebo ea bona ea letsatsi le letsatsi
  • kalafo ea mmele ho ntlafatsa matla, khokahano, teka-tekano le ho tenyetseha

Pono ea nako e telele bakeng sa batho ba nang le mathata a kelello ke efe?

Pono ea nako e telele bakeng sa batho ba nang le mathata a methapo ea kutlo e ipapisitse le mofuta oa lefu la methapo ea kutlo. Mathata a neurocognitive a kang 'dementia' kapa Alzheimer a hlahisa pono e thata. Lebaka ke hore ha ho na pheko bakeng sa maemo ao mme ts'ebetso ea kelello e ntse e mpefala ha nako e ntse e tsamaea.

Leha ho le joalo, chebelo ea batho ba nang le mathata a methapo ea kutlo, joalo ka pherekano kapa tšoaetso, hangata e ntle hobane ke maemo a nakoana le a phekolehang. Maemong ana, hangata batho ba ka lebella ho fola ka botlalo.

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