Sengoli: Randy Alexander
Letsatsi La Creation: 23 April 2021
Ntlafatsa Letsatsi: 1 November 2024
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Methati ea Hemoglobin: Ke Eng e Nkiloeng e Tlwaelehile? - Bophelo
Methati ea Hemoglobin: Ke Eng e Nkiloeng e Tlwaelehile? - Bophelo

Litaba

Haemoglobin ke eng?

Hemoglobin, eo ka linako tse ling e khutsufatsoang e le Hgb, ke protheine e liseleng tse khubelu tsa mali tse nang le tšepe. Tshepe ena e tšoara oksijene, e etsang hore hemoglobin e be karolo ea bohlokoa ea mali a hao. Ha mali a hao a se na hemoglobin e lekaneng, lisele tsa hao ha li fumane oksijene e lekaneng.

Lingaka li lekanyetsa boemo ba hemoglobin ea hao ka ho hlahloba mohlala oa mali a hao. Lintho tse fapaneng li ama maemo a hau a hemoglobin, ho kenyeletsoa le a hau:

  • lilemo
  • bong
  • nalane ea bongaka

Tsoela pele ho bala ho ithuta haholoanyane ka se nkoang e le boemo bo tloaelehileng, bo phahameng le bo tlase ba hemoglobin.

Tekanyo e tloaelehileng ea hemoglobin ke efe?

Batho ba baholo

Ho batho ba baholo, hemoglobin e tloaelehileng e phahame hanyane ho banna ho feta basali. E lekantsoe ka ligrama ka desilitara e le 'ngoe (g / dL) ea mali.

ThobalanoTekanyetso e tloaelehileng ea hemoglobin (g / dL)
E motšehali12 kapa ho feta
E motona13 kapa ho feta

Batho ba baholo le bona ba na le hemoglobin e tlase. Sena se ka bakoa ke lintlha tse 'maloa, ho kenyelletsa:


  • maemo a tlase a tšepe ka lebaka la ho ruruha ho sa foleng kapa phepo e nepahetseng
  • litla-morao tsa meriana
  • sekhahla se phahameng sa mafu a sa foleng, joalo ka lefu la liphio

Bana

Masea a na le sekhahla se phahameng sa hemoglobin ho feta batho ba baholo. Lebaka ke hore li na le maemo a phahameng a oksijene ka popelong mme li hloka lisele tse khubelu tsa mali ho tsamaisa oksijene. Empa boemo bona bo qala ho theoha kamora libeke tse 'maloa.

LilemoMofuta oa basali (g / dL)Mefuta ea banna (g / dL)
Matsatsi a 0-3013.4–19.913.4–19.9
Matsatsi a 31-6010.7–17.110.7–17.1
Likhoeli tse 2-39.0–14.19.0–14.1
Likhoeli tse 3-69.5–14.19.5–14.1
Likhoeli tse 6-1211.3–14.111.3–14.1
Lilemo tse 1-510.9–15.010.9–15.0
Lilemo tse 5-1111.9–15.011.9–15.0
Lilemo tse 11-1811.9–15.012.7–17.7

Ke eng e bakang maemo a phahameng a hemoglobin?

Maemo a phahameng a hemoglobin hangata a tsamaisana le lipalo tse phahameng tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali. Hopola, haemoglobin e fumanoa liseleng tse khubelu tsa mali, ka hona, ha palo ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali e phahama, le hemoglobin ea hau e phahame haholo.


Palo e phahameng ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali le hemoglobin li ka supa lintho tse 'maloa, ho kenyelletsa:

  • Lefu la pelo ea Congenital. Boemo bona bo ka thatafalletsa pelo ea hau ho pompa mali ka nepo le ho fana ka oksijene 'meleng oohle oa hau. Ho arabela, 'mele oa hau ka linako tse ling o hlahisa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.
  • Ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng. Ho se be le mokelikeli o lekaneng ho ka etsa hore lipalo tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li bonahale li phahame hobane ha ho na mokelikeli o lekaneng ho li lekanyetsa.
  • Lihlahala tsa liphio. Lihlahala tse ling tsa liphio li susumetsa liphio tsa hau ho etsa erythropoietin e ngata, e leng hormone e hlohlelletsang tlhahiso ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.
  • Boloetse ba sefuba. Haeba matšoafo a hao a sa sebetse ka nepo, 'mele oa hau o ka leka ho hlahisa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali ho thusa ho jara oksijene.
  • Polycythemia vera. Boemo bona bo etsa hore 'mele oa hau o hlahise lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.

Lisosa tsa kotsi

U kanna oa ba le monyetla oa ho ba le maemo a phahameng a hemoglobin haeba u:


  • na le nalane ea lelapa ea mathata a amang lipalo tse khubelu tsa lisele tsa mali, joalo ka kutlo e fetotsoeng ea oksijene
  • phela sebakeng se phahameng haholo
  • haufinyane tjena o ile a tšeloa mali
  • ho tsuba

Maemo a tlaase a hemoglobin ke afe?

Tekanyetso e tlase ea hemoglobin hangata e bonoa ka lipalo tse tlase tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.

Maemo a mang a bongaka a ka bakang sena a kenyelletsa:

  • Mathata a moko oa masapo. Maemo ana, a kang leukemia, lymphoma, kapa aplastic anemia, kaofela a ka baka palo e tlase ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.
  • Ho hloleha ha liphio. Ha liphio tsa hau li sa sebetse hantle, ha li hlahise hormone erythropoietin e lekaneng e susumetsang tlhahiso ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.
  • Popelo fibroids. Tsena ke lihlahala tseo hangata e seng mofetše, empa li ka baka tšollo ea mali e kholo, e lebisang ho lipalo tse tlase tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.
  • Maemo a senyang lisele tse khubelu tsa mali. Tsena li kenyelletsa anemia ea sekele ea sekele, thalassemia, khaello ea G6PD, le lefutso spherocytosis.

Lisosa tsa kotsi

U kanna oa ba le monyetla oa ho ba le maemo a tlase a hemoglobin haeba u:

  • ba le boemo bo bakang ho tsoa mali a sa foleng, joalo ka liso tsa ka mpeng, li-polyps tsa colon, kapa linako tse boima tsa ho ilela khoeli
  • na le khaello ea folate, tšepe kapa vithamine B-12
  • baimana
  • ba kentse letsoho kotsing e bohloko, joalo ka kotsi ea koloi

Ithute ho phahamisa hemoglobin ea hau.

Ho thoe'ng ka hemoglobin A1c?

Ha ho etsoa mosebetsi oa mali, o ka bona sephetho sa hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), eo ka linako tse ling e bitsoang hemoglobin ea glycated. Teko ea HbA1c e lekanya palo ea hemoglobin e nang le glycated, e leng hemoglobin e nang le tsoekere e kenelletseng ho eona, maling a hau.

Hangata lingaka li laela tlhahlobo ena bakeng sa batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere. E thusa ho fana ka setšoantšo se hlakileng sa maemo a karolelano ea tsoekere ea mali ea motho nakong ea likhoeli tse 2 ho isa ho tse 4. Glucose, eo hape e bitsoang tsoekere maling, e potoloha ho pholletsa le mali a hao ebe e itšoarella ka hemoglobin.

Ha tsoekere e le ngata maling a hao, ho ka etsahala hore u be le maemo a phahameng a hemoglobin e nang le glycated. Tsoekere e lula e khomaretse hemoglobin ka matsatsi a ka bang 120. Tekanyo e phahameng ea HbA1c e bontša hore tsoekere ea motho e mong e bile holimo ka likhoeli tse 'maloa.

Maemong a mangata, motho ea nang le lefu la tsoekere o lokela ho ikemisetsa boemo ba HbA1c ba liperesente tse 7 kapa ka tlase. Ba se nang lefu la tsoekere ba na le litekanyetso tsa HbA1c tse ka bang liperesente tsa 5.7. Haeba u na le lefu la tsoekere le boemo bo phahameng ba HbA1c, ho ka hlokahala hore u fetole meriana ea hau.

Ithute haholoanyane mabapi le ho laola maemo a HbA1c.

Ntlha ea bohlokoa

Litekanyetso tsa hemoglobin li ka fapana ka bong, lilemo, le boemo ba bongaka. Tekanyetso e phahameng kapa e tlase ea hemoglobin e ka bonts'a lintho tse fapaneng, empa batho ba bang ba na le maemo a holimo kapa a tlase ka tlhaho.

Ngaka ea hau e tla sheba sephetho sa hau ho latela maemo a bophelo bo botle ba hau ho bona hore na maemo a hau a bontša boemo bo teng.

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