Multiple Sclerosis e ka Finyella Hokae?

Litaba

• Kakaretso
• Mekhoa e mecha ea ho fetola mafu
• Meriana ea liteko
• Maano a tsamaisoang ke data ho lebisa tlhokomelo kalafong
• Tsoelo-pele lipatlisisong tsa lefutso
• Liphuputso tsa gut microbiome
• Tsela

Kakaretso

Hajoale ha ho na pheko bakeng sa multiple sclerosis (MS) hajoale. Leha ho le joalo, lilemong tsa morao tjena, meriana e mecha e se e fumaneha ho thusa ho liehisa kholo ea lefu lena le ho sebetsana le matšoao a lona.

Bafuputsi ba ntse ba tsoela pele ho hlahisa mekhoa e mecha ea kalafo le ho ithuta haholoanyane ka lisosa le lisosa tsa kotsi tsa lefu lena.

Bala pele ho ithuta ka tse ling tsa liphetoho tsa kalafo le mekhoa e ts'episang ea lipatlisiso.

Mekhoa e mecha ea ho fetola mafu

Phekolo ea phetoho ea mafu (DMTs) ke sehlopha sa mantlha sa meriana e sebelisetsoang ho alafa MS. Ho fihlela joale, Tsamaiso ea Lijo le Lithethefatsi (FDA) e amohetse li-DMT tse fetang leshome bakeng sa mefuta e fapaneng ea MS.

Haufinyane tjena, FDA e amohetse:

• Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus). E sebetsana le mefuta ea MS e khutlang hape le MS ea mantlha e tsoelang pele (PPMS). Ena ke eona e lokelang ho amoheloa ho phekola PPMS mme ke eona feela e lumelletsoeng bakeng sa mefuta eohle e mene ea MS.
• Fingolimod (Gilenya). Meriana ena e phekola MS ea bana. E ne e se e amohetsoe batho ba baholo. Ka 2018, e ile ea e-ba DMT ea pele ho amoheloa.
• Cladribine (Mavenclad). E lumelloa ho sebetsana le MS e khutlang hape (RRMS) hammoho le MS (SPMS) e sebetsang e mahareng.
• Siponimod (Mayzent). E lumelloa ho phekola RRMS, Active SPMS, le lefu le arohaneng le lingaka (CIS). Tekong ea bongaka ea mokhahlelo oa III, e fokolitse sekhahla sa ho khutlela morao ho batho ba nang le Active SPMS. Ha e bapisoa le placebo, e ile ea fokotsa sekhahla sa ho khutlela morao ka halofo.
• Diroximel fumarate (Bongata). Meriana ena e lumelloa ho phekola RRMS, Active SPMS le CIS. E tšoana le dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera), DMT ea khale. Leha ho le joalo, e baka litla-morao tse fokolang tsa mala.
• Ozanimod (Zeposia). Meriana ena e lumelloa ho phekola CIS, RRMS le SPMS e sebetsang. Ke DMT e ncha ka ho fetesisa e lokelang ho eketsoa 'marakeng mme e ile ea amoheloa ke FDA ka Hlakubele 2020.

Ha litlhare tse ncha li amohetsoe, ho tlositsoe moriana o mong lishelefong tsa litlama.

Ka Hlakubele 2018, daclizumab (Zinbryta) e ile ea tlosoa limmarakeng ho pota lefatše. Meriana ena ha e sa fumaneha ho phekola MS.

Meriana ea liteko

Meriana e meng e mengata e ntse e sebetsa ka har'a pompo ea lipatlisiso. Liphuputsong tsa morao-rao, tse ling tsa meriana ena li bontšitse tšepiso ea ho phekola MS.

Ka mohlala:

• Liphetho tsa teko ea bongaka ea mokhahlelo oa II e ncha li bontša hore ibudilast e ka thusa ho fokotsa kholo ea bokooa ho batho ba nang le MS. Ho ithuta haholoanyane ka meriana ena, moetsi o rera ho etsa liteko tsa bongaka tsa mokhahlelo oa III.
• Liphuputso tsa phuputso e nyane e phatlalalitsoeng ka 2017 e fana ka maikutlo a hore clemastine fumarate e kanna ea thusa ho khutlisa seaparo se sireletsang ho potoloha methapo ho batho ba nang le mefuta e khutlang ea MS. Antihistamine ena ea molomo e se e fumaneha ka holim'a khaontara empa eseng ka tekanyetso e sebelisitsoeng tekong ea bongaka. Ho hlokahala lipatlisiso tse ling ho ithuta melemo le likotsi tsa eona tsa ho phekola MS.

Tsena ke tse 'maloa feela tsa kalafo tse ntseng li ithutoa hona joale. Ho ithuta ka liteko tsa hajoale le tsa nako e tlang tsa bongaka bakeng sa MS, etela ClinicalTrials.gov.

Maano a tsamaisoang ke data ho lebisa tlhokomelo kalafong

Ka lebaka la nts'etsopele ea meriana e mecha ea MS, batho ba na le palo e ntseng e hola ea likhetho tsa kalafo tseo ba ka khethang ho tsona.

Ho thusa ho tataisa liqeto tsa bona, bo-rasaense ba sebelisa lits'oants'o tse kholo le lipalo ho leka ho supa mekhoa e metle ea kalafo bakeng sa mefuta e fapaneng ea bakuli, ho tlaleha Multiple Sclerosis Association of America.

Qetellong, patlisiso ena e ka thusa bakuli le lingaka ho ithuta hore na ke mekhoa efe ea kalafo e ka ba sebeletsang.

Tsoelo-pele lipatlisisong tsa lefutso

Ho utloisisa lisosa le lisosa tsa kotsi tsa MS, bo-ramahlale le bo-rasaense ba bang ba kopanya liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa motho bakeng sa lintlha.

Litho tsa International MS Genetics Consortium li supile mefuta e fetang 200 ea liphatsa tsa lefutso e amanang le MS. Ka mohlala, phuputso ea morao tjena e bontšitse liphatsa tsa lefutso tse 'nè tse ncha tse amanang le boemo boo.

Qetellong, liphuputso tse kang tsena li ka thusa bo-ramahlale ho theha maano le lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa ho noha, ho thibela le ho phekola MS.

Liphuputso tsa gut microbiome

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, bo-rasaense le bona ba qalile ho ithuta karolo eo libaktheria le likokoana-hloko tse ling li ka e bapalang nts'etsopele le nts'etsopele ea MS. Sechaba sena sa libaktheria se tsejoa e le gut ea rona ea microbiome.

Ha se libaktheria tsohle tse kotsi. Ebile, libaktheria tse ngata tse "nang le botsoalle" li lula 'meleng ea rona mme li thusa ho laola boits'ireletso ba mmele ba rona.

Ha tekanyo ea libaktheria 'meleng ea rona e tima, e ka lebisa ho ruruheng. Sena se ka kenya letsoho kholisong ea mafu a ikemetseng, ho kenyeletsoa le MS.

Ho etsa lipatlisiso ka microbiome ea mala ho ka thusa bo-ramahlale ho utloisisa hore na hobaneng batho ba hlahisa MS. E ka boela ea bula tsela ea mekhoa e mecha ea kalafo, ho kenyeletsoa mekhoa ea phepo le mefuta e meng ea kalafo.

Tsela

Bo-rasaense ba ntse ba tsoela pele ho fumana leseli le lecha ka lisosa le lisosa tsa MS hammoho le maano a kalafo a ka bang teng.

Meriana e mecha e amohetsoe lilemong tsa morao tjena. Ba bang ba bontšitse tšepiso litekong tsa bongaka.

Tsoelo-pele ena e thusa ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle le boiketlo ba batho ba bangata ba phelang le boemo bona ha ba ntse ba matlafatsa tšepo ea pheko e ka bang teng.