Methionine: Mesebetsi, Mehloli ea Lijo le Litlamorao

Litaba

• Methionine ke eng?
• E ka Hlahisa Limolek'hule tse Bohlokoa Bakeng sa Mosebetsi o Tloaelehileng oa Lisele
• E bapala karolo ho DNA Methylation
• Lijo tse tlaase tsa Methionine li lelefatsa bophelo ba liphoofolo
• Mehloli ea Lijo ea Methionine
• Ho noa, chefo le litlamorao
• Tlhahiso e khothalletsoang
• Liphello ho Homocysteine
• Litla-morao
• Ntlha ea Bohlokoa

Li-amino acid li thusa ho aha liprotheine tse etsang lisele le litho tsa 'mele oa hau.

Ntle le ts'ebetso ena ea bohlokoa, li-amino acid tse ling li na le likarolo tse ling tse ikhethang.

Methionine ke amino acid e hlahisang limolek'hule tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa' meleng oa hau. Limolek'hule tsena li bohlokoa molemong oa tšebetso e nepahetseng ea lisele tsa hau.

Ka lebaka la limolek'hule tsa bohlokoa tseo e li hlahisang, ba bang ba khothaletsa ho eketseha ha methionine. Leha ho le joalo, ba bang ba khothaletsa ho e fokotsa ka lebaka la litlamorao tse mpe tse ka bang teng.

Sengoliloeng sena se tla tšohla bohlokoa ba methionine le hore na o hloka ho tšoenyeha ka hore na e ja lijo tse kae. Mehloli le litla-morao tse ka bang teng li boetse li tšohloa.

Methionine ke eng?

Methionine ke amino acid e fumanoang liprotheine tse ngata, ho kenyeletsoa le liprotheine tse lijong le tse fumanoang liseleng le lithong tsa 'mele oa hau.

Ntle le ho ba moaho oa liprotheine, e na le likarolo tse ling tse ikhethang.

E 'ngoe ea tsona ke bokhoni ba eona ba ho fetoloa limolek'hule tsa bohlokoa tse nang le sebabole ().

Limolek'hule tse nang le sebabole li na le mesebetsi e fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa ts'ireletso ea lisele tsa hau, ho fetola DNA ea hau le ho boloka tšebetso e nepahetseng ea lisele tsa hau (, 3).

Limolek'hule tsena tsa bohlokoa li tlameha ho etsoa ka li-amino acid tse nang le sebabole. Ho li-amino acid tse sebelisetsoang ho etsa liprotheine 'meleng, ke methionine le cysteine ​​feela tse nang le sebabole.

Le ha 'mele oa hau o ka hlahisa amino acid cysteine ​​ka boeona, methionine e tlameha ho tsoa lijong tsa hau (4).

Ntle le moo, methionine e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho qala ts'ebetso ea ho etsa liprotheine tse ncha ka har'a lisele tsa hau, e leng ntho e etsahalang khafetsa ha liprotheine tsa khale li putlama ().

Mohlala, amino acid ena e qala ts'ebetso ea ho hlahisa liprotheine tse ncha mesifa ea hau kamora nako ea boikoetliso e li senyang (,).

Methionine ke amino acid e ikhethang. E na le sebabole 'me e ka hlahisa limolek'hule tse ling tse nang le sebabole' meleng. E boetse e kenyellelitsoe ho qala tlhahiso ea protheine liseleng tsa hau.

E ka Hlahisa Limolek'hule tse Bohlokoa Bakeng sa Mosebetsi o Tloaelehileng oa Lisele

O mong oa mesebetsi e meholo ea methionine 'meleng ke hore e ka sebelisoa ho hlahisa limolek'hule tse ling tsa bohlokoa.

E nka karolo tlhahiso ea cysteine, e meng e nang le sebabole se nang le amino acid e sebelisetsoang ho aha liprotheine 'meleng (,).

Cysteine ​​le eona e ka etsa limolek'hule tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa liprotheine, glutathione le taurine ().

Glutathione ka linako tse ling e bitsoa "master antioxidant" ka lebaka la karolo ea eona ea bohlokoa ts'ireletsong ea 'mele oa hau (,).

E boetse e bapala karolo ea metabolism ea limatlafatsi 'meleng le tlhahiso ea DNA le liprotheine ().

Taurine e na le mesebetsi e mengata e thusang ho boloka bophelo bo botle le tšebetso e nepahetseng ea lisele tsa hau ().

E 'ngoe ea limolek'hule tsa bohlokoahali methionine e ka fetoloa ke S-adenosylmethionine, kapa "SAM" ().

SAM e nka karolo liketsong tse fapaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale ka ho fetisetsa karolo ea eona ho limolek'hule tse ling, ho kenyeletsoa DNA le liprotheine (3,).

SAM e boetse e sebelisoa ho hlahiseng creatine, molek'hule ea bohlokoa bakeng sa matla a cellular (,).

Ka kakaretso, methionine e ameha ka kotloloho kapa ka mokhoa o sa tobang lits'ebetsong tse ngata tsa bohlokoa 'meleng ka lebaka la limolek'hule tseo e ka bang tsona.

Methionine e ka fetoha limolek'hule tse 'maloa tse nang le sebabole tse nang le mesebetsi ea bohlokoa, joalo ka glutathione, taurine, SAM le creatine. Limolek'hule tsena li bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea lisele tsa 'mele oa hau.

E bapala karolo ho DNA Methylation

DNA ea hau e na le tlhaiso-leseling e u etsang seo u leng sona.

Le ha tlhaiso-leseling ena e ka lula e ts'oana le bophelo bohle ba hau, maemo a tikoloho a ka fetola likarolo tse ling tsa DNA ea hau.

Ena ke e 'ngoe ea likarolo tse khahlisang haholo tsa methionine - hore e ka fetoha molek'hule e bitsoang SAM. SAM e ka fetola DNA ea hau ka ho eketsa sehlopha sa methyl (athomo ea khabone le liathomo tsa eona tsa haedrojene) ho eona (3,).

Palo ea methionine lijong tsa hau e ka ama hore na ts'ebetso ena e etsahala hakae, empa ho na le lipotso tse ngata tse sa arajoang ka sena.

Ho ka etsahala hore ho eketsa methionine lijong ho ka eketsa kapa ha fokotsa hore na DNA ea hau e fetoha hakae ka lebaka la SAM ().

Ntle le moo, haeba liphetoho tsena li etsahala, li ka ba molemo maemong a mang empa tsa ba kotsi ho tse ling ().

Mohlala, lipatlisiso tse ling li bonts'itse hore ho ja lijo tse nang le limatlafatsi tse ngata tse eketsang lihlopha tsa methyl ho DNA ea hau ho ka fokotsa kotsi ea mofetše oa 'mala ().

Leha ho le joalo, lipatlisiso tse ling li bontšitse hore ho ja methionine e phahameng ho ka mpefatsa maemo a kang schizophrenia, mohlomong ka lebaka la ho eketsa lihlopha tsa methyl ho DNA (,).

E 'ngoe ea limolek'hule tse hlahisoang ke methionine, SAM, e ka fetola DNA ea hau. Ha ho hlake hantle hore na methionine ea lijo tsa hau e ama ts'ebetso ena joang, mme ho ka etsahala hore ts'ebetso ena e be molemo maemong a mang ebe e kotsi ho a mang.

Lijo tse tlaase tsa Methionine li lelefatsa bophelo ba liphoofolo

Le ha methionine e na le likarolo tsa bohlokoa 'meleng, lipatlisiso tse ling li bonts'a melemo ea lijo tse fokolang ho amino acid ena.

Lisele tse ling tsa mofets'e li its'etleha ho methionine ea phepo ho hola. Maemong ana, ho lekanyetsa lijo tseo u li jang ho ka ba molemo ho thusa lisele tsa mofetše tse lapileng ().

Kaha liprotheine tse tsoang limela hangata li na le methionine e tlase ho feta liprotheine tsa liphoofolo, bafuputsi ba bang ba lumela hore lijo tse thehiloeng lijalong e ka ba sesebelisoa sa ho loants'a mofetše o mong (,).

Ntle le moo, lithuto tse 'maloa tsa liphoofolo li bonts'a hore ho fokotsa methionine ho ka eketsa nako ea bophelo le ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle (,,).

Phuputso e 'ngoe e fumane hore nako ea bophelo e feta 40% ho litoeba tse fepang phepo e tlase ea methionine ().

Nako ena e telele e ka bakoa ke khatello e ntlafalitsoeng ea khatello ea maikutlo le metabolism hammoho le ho boloka bokhoni ba lisele tsa mmele ho ikatisa (,).

Bafuputsi ba bang ba fihletse qeto ea hore boleng bo tlase ba methionine bo sebetsa ho fokotsa sekhahla sa botsofali litoeba ().

Hore na melemo ena e atoloha kapa che ho batho ha e so hlake, empa lithuto tse ling tsa liteko li bontšitse melemo ea likhahla tse tlase tsa methionine liseleng tsa motho (,).

Leha ho le joalo, lipatlisiso tsa batho lia hlokahala pele ho etsoa liqeto.

Liphoofolong, ho theola methionine ea lijo ho ka fokotsa sekhahla sa botsofali le ho eketsa nako ea bophelo. Boithuto bo bong bo bontšitse melemo ea ho theola methionine liseleng tsa motho, empa lipatlisiso lia hlokahala ho batho ba phelang.

Mehloli ea Lijo ea Methionine

Le ha e le hantle lijo tsohle tse nang le protheine li na le methionine, palo eo e fapana haholo. Mahe, litlhapi le nama tse ling li na le bongata ba amino acid ena (23).

Ho hakanngoa hore hoo e ka bang 8% ea li-amino acid tse ho makhooa a mahe li na le sebabole se nang le amino acid (methionine le cysteine) ().

Boleng bona bo ka ba 5% likhoho le nama ea khomo le 4% lihlahisoa tsa lebese. Liprotheine tsa limela hangata li na le bongata bo tlase ba li-amino acid.

Phuputso e 'ngoe e boetse e hlahlobile kakaretso ea amino acid e nang le sebabole (methionine le cysteine) mefuteng e fapaneng ea lijo ().

Litaba tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa (ligrama tse 6.8 ka letsatsi) li tlalehiloe lijong tse nang le liprotheine tse phahameng, ha lijong tse tlase li ne li le teng bakeng sa meroho (li-gram tsa 3.0 ka letsatsi) le li-vegans (2.3 dikgerama ka letsatsi).

Leha ho na le phepo e tlase har'a batho ba sa jeng nama, lipatlisiso tse ling li bonts'itse hore li hlile li na le methionine e phahameng ho feta ba jang nama le tlhapi ().

Sephetho sena se lebisitse ho bafuputsi ho fihlela qeto ea hore lijo tse nang le phepo le methapo ea mali ea methionine ha li amane ka kotlolloho kamehla.

Leha ho le joalo, lithuto tsena li fumane hore li-vegans li na le phepo e tlase ea lijo tse nang le methionine (,).

Liprotheine tsa liphoofolo hangata li na le methionine e kholo ho feta liprotheine tsa limela. Ba latelang lijo tse ipapisang le limela ba na le phepo e tlase ea li-amino acid tse nang le sebabole, leha li ka ba le methionine e phahameng kapa e tlase maling.

Ho noa, chefo le litlamorao

Bafuputsi ba thehile tlhahiso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea amino acid e nang le sebabole (methionine le cysteine), empa lithuto li boetse li hlahlobile litla-morao tsa litekanyetso tse phahameng.

Tlhahiso e khothalletsoang

Kamohelo ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea methionine hammoho le cysteine ​​ke 8.6 mg / lb (19 mg / kg) ka letsatsi bakeng sa batho ba baholo, e leng ligrama tse ka bang 1.3 ho motho ea boima ba liponto tse 150 (68 kilograms) (4).

Leha ho le joalo, bafuputsi ba bang ba khothalelitse ho sebelisa chelete ena habeli ho latela meeli ea lithuto tse sebelisitsoeng ho beha tlhahiso e khothalletsoang ().

Hangata batho ba tsofetseng ba na le methionine e tlase, 'me liphuputso li bonts'itse hore ba kanna ba hloka ho fuoa li-gram tse 2 ho isa ho tse 3 ka letsatsi (,).

Leha lihlopha tse ling li ka rua molemo ka ho eketsa tšebeliso ea methionine, lijo tse ngata li feta ligrama tse 2 ka letsatsi tsa methionine hammoho le cysteine.

Lijo tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa lijo tsa vegan, tsa batho ba sa jeng nama, tsa setso le tsa protheine e phahameng li hakanngoa hore li na le lipakeng tsa 2.3 le 6.8 gram ka letsatsi la li-amino acid ().

Liphello ho Homocysteine

Mohlomong ngongoreho e kholo e amanang le ho noa methionine e phahameng ke ka lebaka la e 'ngoe ea limolek'hule tse ka hlahisoang ke amino acid.

Methionine e ka fetoloa homocysteine, amino acid e amanang le likarolo tse 'maloa tsa lefu la pelo (,).

Ho kenella ha methionine ka bongata ho ka baka keketseho ea homocysteine, leha batho ba bang ba le kotsing ea ts'ebetso ena ho feta ba bang ().

Ho khahlisang ke hore lipatlisiso li bontša hore likotsi tse ka bang teng tsa tšebeliso e phahameng ea methionine li ka bakoa ke homocysteine ​​ho fapana le methionine ka boeona ().

Leha ho le joalo, ho na le lintlha tse ling tse ka fetolang maemo a homocysteine.

Mohlala, leha ba na le phepelo e tlase ea methionine, vegans le batho ba jang limela ba ka ba le homocysteine ​​e phahameng ho feta li-omnivores ka lebaka la ho noa vithamine B12 ().

Phuputso e 'ngoe e bonts'itse protheine e phahameng, lijo tse nang le methionine e phahameng ha ea ka ea eketsa homocysteine ​​kamora likhoeli tse tšeletseng, ha e bapisoa le protheine e tlase, lijo tse nang le methionine e tlase ().

Ntle le moo, ho fetola ho ja ho fihla ho 100% ha ho bonahale ho ama homocysteine ​​ho batho ba baholo ba phetseng hantle ntle le bofokoli ba vithamine ().

Litla-morao

Ho lekola likarabo tsa 'mele ho methionine, bafuputsi ba tla fana ka tekanyetso e le' ngoe e kholo ea amino acid ena le ho bona litlamorao.

Lefu lena le leholo haholo ho feta tlhahiso e khothalletsoang, hangata ho potoloha 45 mg / lb (100 mg / kg), kapa ligrama tsa 6.8 bakeng sa motho ea boima ba liponto tse 150 (68 kilograms) ().

Teko ea mofuta ona e entsoe makhetlo a fetang 6,000, ka litlamorao tse nyane haholo. Litla-morao tsena tse nyane li kenyelletsa ho ba le botsoa, ​​ho robala le ho fetoha ha khatello ea mali ().

Ketsahalo e kholo e bohloko e etsahetse nakong ea e 'ngoe ea liteko tsena, e ileng ea baka lefu la motho ea nang le khatello e phahameng ea mali empa a phela hantle ka tsela e ngoe ().

Leha ho le joalo, ho bonahala eka ho noa joala ka phoso ka makhetlo a ka bang 70 ha tlhahiso e khothalletsoang e bakile mathata ().

Ka kakaretso, ho bonahala eka methionine ha e chefo haholo bathong ba phetseng hantle, ntle le litekanyetso tse phahameng haholo tse ka bang thata ho li fumana ka lijo.

Le ha methionine e nka karolo ho hlahiseng homocysteine, ha ho na bopaki ba hore ho ja ka har'a mefuta e tloaelehileng ho kotsi bophelong ba pelo ().

Batho ba latelang mefuta e mengata ea lijo ba tla feta tekanyetso e tlase ea tlhahiso ea methionine. Litla-morao tse bakoang ke litekanyetso tse kholo hangata li nyane empa li ka ba kotsi ka litekanyetso tse phahameng haholo.

Ntlha ea Bohlokoa

Methionine ke amino acid e ikhethang e nang le sebabole e ka sebelisoang ho aha liprotheine le ho hlahisa limolek'hule tse ngata 'meleng.

Tsena li kenyelletsa antioxidant glutathione le molek'hule SAM, e sebelisetsoang ho fetola DNA le limolek'hule tse ling.

Methionine e fumaneha mefuteng e fapaneng ea lijo tse nang le protheine mme hangata e phahame ka liprotheine tsa liphoofolo ho feta liprotheine tsa limela. Le ha lijo tse nang le methionine e tlase li bontšitsoe ho lelefatsa bophelo ba liphoofolo, hore na sena se bohlokoa ho batho ha se so hlake.

Batho ba jang mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea lijo ba kopana le phepelo e khothalletsoang ea methionine, leha batho ba bang ba seng ba tsofetse ba ka una molemo ka ho eketsa ho e ja.

Litla-morao ka lebaka la litekanyetso tse kholo hangata li nyane empa li ka ba kotsi ka litekanyetso tse phahameng haholo ho feta se ka fumanoang ke phepo e tloaelehileng.

Ho ipapisitsoe le lipatlisiso tse fumanehang ho batho ba phetseng hantle, mohlomong ha ho hlokahale hore u lekanyetse kapa ho eketsa ka ho khetheha ho noa methionine lijong tsa hau.