Biri e na le Tsoekere e Kae?

Litaba

• Mokhoa oa ho ritela
• Matla a khoheli a biri
• Ale vs. lager
• Litaba tsa tsoekere ka biri
• Mefuta e fapaneng ea biri e na le tsoekere e kae?
• Biri le tsoekere maling
• Ntlha ea bohlokoa

Le ha joala boo u bo ratang bo ka ba le lisebelisoa tse ling, biri hangata e etsoa ka lithollo, linoko, tomoso le metsi.

Le ha tsoekere e sa kenyelletsoa lenaneng, hoa hlokahala ho hlahisa joala.

Ka hona, u ka ipotsa hore na ebe ho na le tsoekere ea biri le hore na e na le bokae.

Sengoliloeng sena se lekola ts'oaetso ea biri.

Mokhoa oa ho ritela

Ho tseba hore na tsoekere e bokae biri, u tlameha ho qala ka ho utloisisa hore na biri e etsoa joang.

Metsoako e meholo ea biri ke lithollo, linoko, tomoso le metsi. Harese le koro ke lithollo tse sebelisoang haholo, ha hopose e le senoko se ka sehloohong sa tatso.

Ts'ebetso ea ho ritela e na le mehato e latelang ():

1. Ho senya. Mohato ona o lumella ho mela ha lithollo. Ona ke mohato oa bohlokoa, hobane ho mela ho thusa ho theola starch e bolokiloeng hore e be tsoekere e belang - haholo-holo maltose.
2. Ho qhekella. Mashing ke mokhoa oa ho besetsa, ho sila le ho inela lithollo tse metseng metsing a chesang. Phello ke mokelikeli o nang le tsoekere o bitsoang wort.
3. Ho belisoa. Nakong ea mohato ona, hop kapa li-spices tse ling lia eketsoa. Joale setoto se pholisoa hanyane ebe se tlhotliloeng ho felisa masalla a limela le maloanlahla.
4. Ho belisa. Mothating ona, tomoso e eketsoa ho setoto ho e belisa, e fetolang tsoekere hore e be joala le carbon dioxide.
5. Ho butsoa ha mmele. Ona ke mohato oa hoqeta oa ho ritela, nakong eo biri e bolokoang ebe e tloheloa ho fihlela botsofaling.

Joalokaha u bona, tsoekere ke ntho ea bohlokoa molemong oa ho etsa biri.

Leha ho le joalo, ha e kenyelletsoe e le motsoako. Sebakeng seo, e tsoa ts'ebetsong ea lithollo ebe e belisoa ke tomoso ho hlahisa joala.

Tsoekere e bohlokoa molemong oa ho ritela biri, empa ha e eketsoe e le motsoako. Sebakeng seo, e tsoa ho ho mela hoa lithollo.

Matla a khoheli a biri

Matla a khoheli a biri a bolela bongata ba letsoalo le amanang le metsi methating e fapaneng ea ho belisoa, 'me boholo ba lona bo khethoa ke tsoekere.

Letsoai le nang le tsoekere e phahameng le bitsoa "gravity wort" e phahameng.

Ha tomoso e ntse e belisa setoto, tsoekere ea eona ea fokotseha ha joala ba eona bo ntse bo eketseha, le bona bo theola khoheli ea bona mme bo felle ka biri e nang le joala bo bongata ().

Ka hona, biri e na le matla a khoheli a pele le a ho qetela, 'me phapang lipakeng tsa tse peli e bonts'a palo ea tsoekere e fetotsoeng joala.

Ale vs. lager

Li-ales le lager ka bobeli ke mefuta e fapaneng ea biri, mme phapang ea bona ea mantlha ke mofuta oa tomoso o sebelisetsoang ho ritela.

Biri ea Ale e etsoa le Saccharomyces cerevisiae mefuta, ha biri tse lager li sebelisa Saccharomyces pastorianus ().

Tomoso ea biri e sebetsa hantle haholo ha ho tluoa ho belang tsoekere ().

Ho ntse ho le joalo, ho na le lintlha tse 'maloa tse amang ho belisoa ha tomoso, ho kenyelletsa le lithemparetjha tsa ho ritela le biri e nyolohang ea biri. Hang ha joala bo phahame haholo hore ba ka phela, ho belisoa hoa emisa ().

Le ha mefuta ena ka bobeli e hlahisa joala e le sehlahisoa sa ho qetela, ale tomoso e na le mamello e phahameng ea joala ho feta tomoso - ho bolelang hore e ka phela maemong a phahameng a joala (,,).

Ka hona, hangata batho ba nang le joala ba bangata ebile ba na le tsoekere e tlase.

Matla a khoheli a biri a bontša bongata ba tsoekere biri. Ha tomoso e belisa tsoekere, khoheli ea biri ea fokotseha, 'me joala ea eona ea eketseha. Mefuta ea tomoso e sebelisoang li-ales e na le mamello e phahameng ea joala. Kahoo, tsoekere ea bona e setseng e batla e le tlase.

Litaba tsa tsoekere ka biri

Tsoekere ke carbs. Ebile, tsoekere ke yuniti ea mantlha ea carbs.

Sebopeho, li-carbs li arotsoe ka mono-, di-, oligo-, le polysaccharides, ho latela hore na kompone e na le 1, 2, 3-10, kapa limolek'hule tse fetang 10 tsa tsoekere, ka ho latellana ().

Mofuta o ka sehloohong oa biri ea tsoekere ke maltose, e entsoeng ka limolek'hule tse peli tsa tsoekere. Kahoo, e khetholloa e le disaccharide - mofuta oa tsoekere e bonolo.

Leha ho le joalo, maltose le tse ling tse tsoekere tse bonolo li na le 80% feela ea tsoekere e belisoang ea wort. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, 20% e setseng e na le oligosaccharides, eo tomoso e sa e belise (,).

Ho ntse ho le joalo, 'mele oa hau o ke ke oa cheka li-oligosaccharides, ka hona li nkuoa li se na khalori mme ho fapana le moo li sebetsa joalo ka likhoele tsa prebiotic, kapa lijo bakeng sa mala a hau a baktheria ().

Ka hona, leha biri e na le li-carbs tse lekaneng, tsoekere ea eona e batla e le tlase haholo.

Tsoekere ea biri e na le 80% ea tsoekere e belisoang le li-oligosaccharides tse 20%. Tomoso e sitoa ho cheka li-oligosaccharides, empa le 'mele oa hau ha o khone. Kahoo, tsoekere ea ho qetela ea biri e ntse e ka ba tlaase haholo.

Mefuta e fapaneng ea biri e na le tsoekere e kae?

Joalokaha ho hlalositsoe kaholimo, tsoekere ea biri e ka fapana ho latela matla a eona a pele le mofuta oa mofuta oa tomoso o sebelisitsoeng ho e belisa.

Leha ho le joalo, baetsi ba biri ba ka kenyelletsa metsoako e meng e nang le tsoekere lijong tsa bona, tse kang mahe a linotši le sirapo ea poone, ho fa biri ea bona tatso e ikhethang.

Leha ho le joalo, ho beha melao ea ho ngola lino tse tahang United States ha ho hloke hore bahlahisi ba tlalehe tsoekere ea lihlahisoa tsa bona (10, 11).

Le ha ba bang ba bolela litaba tsa carb, boholo ba bona bo senola joala ba bona feela. Kahoo, ho tseba hore na biri eo u e ratang haholo e na le tsoekere e ka ba mosebetsi o boima hakae.

Leha ho le joalo, lethathamo le latelang le kenyelletsa tsoekere le carb tse fumanehang li-ounces tse 355 tsa mefuta e fapaneng ea biri, hammoho le ea lihlahisoa tse ling tse tsebahalang (,,, 15, 16,,, 19):

• Biri e tloaelehileng: Ligrama tsa 12.8 tsa carbs, ligrama tse 0 tsa tsoekere
• Biri e bobebe: 5.9 dikgerama tsa carbs, ligrama tse 0,3 tsa tsoekere
• Biri e tlase ea carb: Li-gram tsa 2.6 tsa carbs, ligrama tse 0 tsa tsoekere
• Biri e seng joala: 28.5 dikgerama tsa carbs, ligrama tse 28,5 tsa tsoekere
• Bophelo bo phahameng ba Miller: 12.2 dikgerama tsa carbs, 0 dikgerama tsa tsoekere
• Miller Lite: 3.2 dikgerama tsa carbs, 0 dikgerama tsa tsoekere
• Mokete oa Likoloi: Li-gram tsa 11.7 tsa carbs, ligrama tse 0 tsa tsoekere
• Leseli la Coors: 5 dikgerama tsa carbs, 1 grama ea tsoekere
• Lichelete tse se nang tahi: 12.2 dikgerama tsa carbs, ligrama tse 8 tsa tsoekere
• Heineken: 11.4 dikgerama tsa carbs, 0 dikgerama tsa tsoekere
• Budweiser: Li-gram tsa 10.6 tsa carbs, ligrama tse 0 tsa tsoekere
• Leseli la Bud: 4.6 dikgerama tsa carbs, 0 dikgerama tsa tsoekere
• Busch: 6.9 dikgerama tsa carbs, ha ho tsoekere e tlalehiloeng
• Leseli la Busch: Li-gram tsa 3.2 tsa carbs, ha ho tsoekere e tlalehiloeng

Joalokaha u bona, biri e bobebe e phahame hanyane ka tsoekere ho feta biri e tloaelehileng. Sena se ka bakoa ke liphapang tsa ts'ebetso ea bona ea beliso.

Biri e bobebe e hlahisoa ka ho eketsa glucoamylase ho wort - enzyme e heletsang masalla a carbs ebe e a fetola tsoekere e belang. Sena se fokotsa likhalori le joala tse kahare ho biri ().

Ho feta moo, kaha ha ho le e 'ngoe ea tsoekere ea wort e fetotsoeng joala ho lino tse tahang, tsena li na le tsoekere e phahameng ka ho fetisisa.

Hopola hore le hoja tsoekere ea biri e ka 'na ea e-ba tlaase, biri tse tloaelehileng e ntse e le mohloli oa li-carbs, tse ka amang tsoekere ea hao maling.

Ho feta moo, leha ho se na tsoekere e tlalehiloeng, joala bo ntse bo le mohloli oa bohlokoa oa likhalori.

Biri tse tloahelehileng hangata ha li na tsoekere, 'me biri e bobebe e tlaleha gram e le' ngoe feela ka can. Leha ho le joalo, biri e seng joala e na le tsoekere e phahameng ho feta tsohle.

Biri le tsoekere maling

Le ha biri e kanna ea se be le tsoekere e ngata hakana, ke seno se tahang, 'me ka hona, e ka theola tsoekere ea mali.

Joala bo sitisa metabolism ea tsoekere ka ho thibela gluconeogenesis le glycogenolysis - tlhahiso ea 'mele le ho senyeha ha tsoekere e bolokiloeng, ka ho latellana - tse hlokahalang ho boloka tsoekere e maling (21,).

Ka hona, ho e ja ho ka baka hypoglycemia, kapa tsoekere e tlase ea mali, ke ka hona ho khothalletsoang ka kakaretso ho e ja ka lijo tse nang le carb.

Leha ho le joalo, haeba e sebelisoa hammoho le li-carb tse bonolo tse phahamisang tsoekere ea mali ka potlako, e ka lebisa karabong e eketsehileng ea insulin, e hlahisang hypoglycemia (21,).

Ntle le moo, joala bo ka sitisa katleho ea meriana ea hypoglycemic (21).

Le ha biri e ka ba le tsoekere e tlase, joalo ka seno se tahang, e ka lebisa ho maemo a tlase a tsoekere maling.

Ntlha ea bohlokoa

Tsoekere ke ntho ea bohlokoa ho pheheng biri, kaha ke limatlafatsi tseo tomoso e hlahisang joala ka tsona.

Le ha mabaka a 'maloa a susumetsa bokhoni ba tomoso ba ho fetola tsoekere hore e be joala, e sebetsa hantle haholo. Ka hona, kathoko ho mefuta e seng joala, biri e tloaetse ho ba le tsoekere e tlase.

Leha ho le joalo, hopola hore lino tse tahang li ka fokotsa tsoekere ea mali.

Hape, ho qoba litlamorao tse mpe tsa bophelo bo botle, o lokela ho noa joala ka tekano kamehla, e hlalosoang e le lino tse fetang tse le 'ngoe le tse peli ka letsatsi bakeng sa basali le banna, ka ho latellana ().