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Phanele ea hepatitis ke eng?

Hepatitis ke mofuta oa lefu la sebete. Likokoana-hloko tse bitsoang hepatitis A, hepatitis B le hepatitis C ke lisosa tse tloaelehileng tsa lefu la sebete. Phanele ea lefu la sebete ke tlhahlobo ea mali e netefatsang hore na o na le ts'oaetso ea lefu la sebete le bakoang ke e 'ngoe ea likokoana-hloko tsena.

Livaerase li hasana ka litsela tse fapaneng mme li baka matšoao a fapaneng:

  • Hepatitis A hangata e hasana ka ho kopana le mantle a silafetseng (setuloana) kapa ka ho ja lijo tse silafetseng. Le ha e sa tloaeleha, e ka fetisoa ka ho etsa thobalano le motho ea nang le ts'oaetso. Batho ba bangata ba hlaphoheloa ke lefu la sebete la mofuta oa A ntle le tšenyo e sa feleng ea sebete.
  • Hepatitis B e hasana ka ho kopana le mali a tšoaelitsoeng, peo ea botona kapa maro a mang a 'mele. Batho ba bang ba fola kapele ho tsoaetso ea hepatitis B. Bakeng sa ba bang, vaerase e ka baka lefu la sebete le sa foleng la nako e telele.
  • Hepatitis C hangata e hasana ka ho kopana le mali a tšoaelitsoeng, hangata ka ho arolelana linalete tsa hypodermic. Leha e sa tloaeleha, e ka fetisoa ka ho etsa thobalano le motho ea nang le ts'oaetso. Batho ba bangata ba nang le lefu la hepatitis C ba ba le lefu le sa foleng la sebete le ho thatafala ha sebete.

Sehlopha sa hepatitis se kenyelletsa liteko tsa li-antibodies tsa hepatitis le li-antigen. Masole a mmele ke diprotheine tse hlahiswang ke masole a mmele ho thusa ho lwantsha ditshwaetso. Li-antigen ke lintho tse bakang karabelo ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung. Lithibela-mafu le li-antigen li ka fumanoa pele matšoao a hlaha.


Mabitso a mang: phanele e matla ea lefu la sebete, karolo ea vaerase ea hepatitis, phanele ea ho hlahloba hepatitis

E sebelisetsoa eng?

Sehlopha sa hepatitis se sebelisetsoa ho fumana hore na o na le tšoaetso ea vaerase ea hepatitis.

Hobaneng ha ke hloka phanele ea lefu la sebete?

U kanna ua hloka karolo ea hepatitis haeba u na le matšoao a tšenyo ea sebete. Matšoao ana a kenyelletsa:

  • Jaundice, boemo bo etsang hore letlalo le mahlo a hao a be bosehla
  • Feberu
  • Mokhathala
  • Ho felloa ke takatso ea lijo
  • Moroto o mmala o lefifi
  • Setulo se 'mala o pherese
  • Ho nyekeloa le ho hlatsa

U kanna ua hloka karolo ea hepatitis haeba u na le mabaka a itseng a kotsi. U ka ba kotsing e kholo ea tšoaetso ea lefu la sebete haeba u:

  • Sebelisa lithethefatsi tse seng molaong, tse nang le ente
  • Ho ba le lefu le tšoaetsanoang ka thobalano
  • Ba haufi haholo le motho ea tšoaelitsoeng ke lefu la sebete
  • Li na le dialysis ea nako e telele
  • Ba hlahile lipakeng tsa 1945 le 1965, eo hangata e bitsoang lilemo tsa boom. Le hoja mabaka a sa utloisisoe ka ho felletseng, masea a boomers a na le menyetla ea makhetlo a 5 ea ho ba le lefu la hepatitis C ho feta batho ba bang ba baholo.

Ho etsahala'ng nakong ea phanele ea lefu la sebete?

Ngaka ea tlhokomelo ea bophelo e tla nka sampole ea mali mothapong o letsohong la hao, e sebelisa nale e nyane. Kamora hore nalete e kenngoe, ho tla bokelloa mali a manyane ka har'a pompo ea liteko. U ka ikutloa u hlaba hanyane ha nale e kena kapa e tsoa. Hangata hona ho nka nako e ka tlase ho metsotso e mehlano.


Hape o kanna oa sebelisa sesebelisoa sa lapeng ho lekola lefu la sebete. Le ha litaelo li ka fapana lipakeng tsa lihlahisoa, lisebelisoa tsa hau li tla kenyelletsa sesebelisoa sa ho phunya monoana oa hau (lancet). U tla sebelisa sesebelisoa sena ho bokella lerotholi la mali bakeng sa tlhahlobo. Bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e batsi ka tlhahlobo ea lapeng ea lefu la sebete, buisana le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Na ke tla hloka ho etsa eng kapa eng ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo?

Ha o hloke litokisetso tse khethehileng bakeng sa phanele ea lefu la sebete.

Na ho na le likotsi tsa tlhahlobo?

Ho na le kotsi e nyane haholo ea ho etsa tlhahlobo ea mali. U kanna oa ba le mahlaba a fokolang kapa ho longoa moo nale e kentsoeng teng, empa matšoao a mangata a fela kapele.

Liphetho li bolelang?

Phello e mpe e bolela hore mohlomong ha u na tšoaetso ea lefu la sebete. Sephetho se setle se ka bolela hore o kile oa tšoaetsoa ke lefu la sebete la mofuta oa A, kapa la mofuta oa B, kapa la hepatitis C. U kanna oa hloka liteko tse ling ho netefatsa hore u na le lefu lena. Haeba u na le lipotso mabapi le liphetho tsa hau, bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.


Ithute haholoanyane ka liteko tsa laboratori, libaka tsa litšupiso, le liphetho tsa kutloisiso.

Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba ka phanele ea lefu la sebete?

Ho na le liente tsa lefu la hepatitis A le hepatitis B. Bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ho bona hore na uena kapa bana ba hau le lokela ho entoa.

Litšupiso

  1. Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse [Internet]. Atlanta: Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Li-ABC tsa Hepatitis [e ntlafalitsoeng ka 2016; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 6]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/resource/professionals/pdfs/abctable.pdf
  2. Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse [Internet]. Atlanta: Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Hepatitis C: Hobaneng ha batho ba hlahile lipakeng tsa 1945 le 1965 ba lokela ho etsa liteko; [e ntlafalitsoeng 2016; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Aug 1]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.cdc.gov/nowmorehepatitis/media/pdfs/factsheet-boomers.pdf
  3. Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse [Internet]. Atlanta: Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Viral Hepatitis: Hepatitis A [e ntlafalitsoeng ka 2015 Aug 27; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hav/index.htm
  4. Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse [Internet]. Atlanta: Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Viral Hepatitis: Hepatitis B [e ntlafalitsoeng ka 2015 Mots'eanong 31; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/index.htm
  5. Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse [Internet]. Atlanta: Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Viral Hepatitis: Hepatitis C [e ntlafalitsoeng ka 2015 Mots'eanong 31; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/HCV/index.htm
  6. Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse [Internet]. Atlanta: Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Viral Hepatitis: Letsatsi la Teko ea Hepatitis [e ntlafalitsoeng 2017 Apr 26; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/testingday/index.htm
  7. FDA: Tsamaiso ea Tsamaiso ea Lijo le Lithethefatsi ea Amerika [Inthanete]. Silver Spring (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la US; Liteko tsa Ts'ebeliso ea Lehae: Hepatitis C; [e qotsitsoeng ka 2019 Jun 4]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 5]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/home-use-tests/hepatitis-c
  8. Liteko tsa Lab Marang-rang [Inthaneteng]. Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. Acute Viral Hepatitis Panel: Lipotso Tse Tloaelehileng [e ntlafalitsoeng ka la 2014 Mphalane 7; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 5]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/hepatitis-panel/tab/faq
  9. Liteko tsa Lab Marang-rang [Inthaneteng]. Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. Acute Viral Hepatitis Panel: Teko [e ntlafalitsoeng ka la 2014 Mots'eanong 7; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/hepatitis-panel/tab/test
  10. Liteko tsa Lab Marang-rang [Inthaneteng]. Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. Sehlopha sa Acute Viral Hepatitis: Sample Sample [e ntlafalitsoeng ka la 2014 Mphalane 7; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/hepatitis-panel/tab/sample
  11. Mokhatlo oa Naha oa Kankere [Inthanete]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Bukana ea Tlhatlhobo ea Kankere ea NCI: antibody [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms?search=antibody
  12. Mokhatlo oa Naha oa Kankere [Inthanete]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Bukana ea Tlhatlhobo ea Kankere ea NCI: antigen [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms?search=antigen
  13. National Heart, Lung, le Setsi sa Mali [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Likotsi Tsa Liteko Tsa Mali ke Life? [e ntlafalitsoeng 2012 Jan 6; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 5]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests#Risk-Factors
  14. National Heart, Lung, le Setsi sa Mali [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Seo U ka se Lebellang ka Liteko tsa Mali [e ntlafalitsoeng ka 2012 Pherekhong 6; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [hoo e ka bang li-skrini tse 4]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
  15. Setsi sa Naha sa Ts'oaetso le Mafu a tšoaetsanoang [Marang-rang]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Hepatitis [e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/hepatitis
  16. Setsi sa Naha sa Tlhekefetso ea Lithethefatsi [Inthanete]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Viral Hepatitis – A Phello ea Sebele ea Ts'ebeliso ea Lithethefatsi [e ntlafalitsoeng 2017 Mar; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.drugabuse.gov/related-topics/viral-hepatitis-very-real-consequence-substance-use
  17. Sisteme ea NorthShore University Health [Internet]. Sistimi ea Bophelo bo Botle ea Univesithi ea NorthShore; c2017. Hepatitis Panel [e ntlafalitsoeng 2016 Oct 14; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.northshore.org/healthresources/encyclopedia/encyclopedia.aspx?DocumentHwid=tr6161
  18. Sisteme ea NorthShore University Health [Internet]. Sistimi ea Bophelo bo Botle ea Univesithi ea NorthShore; c2017. Liteko tsa vaerase ea Hepatitis B [e ntlafalitsoeng ka 2017 Mar 3; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.northshore.org/healthresources/encyclopedia/encyclopedia.aspx?DocumentHwid=hw201572#hw201575
  19. Peeling RW, Boeras DI, Marinucci F, Easterbrook P. Bokamoso ba tlhahlobo ea vaerase ea hepatitis: boqapi ba theknoloji ea liteko le mekhoa. BMC Infect Dis [Inthanete]. 2017 Nov [e qotsitsoeng 2019 Jun 4]; 17 (Tlatsetso ea 1): 699. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5688478
  20. Bophelo ba UF: Univesithi ea Florida Health [Marang-rang]. Univesithi ea Florida; c2017. Panel ea Hepatitis Virus: Kakaretso [e ntlafalitsoeng ka la 31 Mots'eanong 31; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://ufhealth.org/hepatitis-virus-panel
  21. Setsi sa Bongaka sa Rochester [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Setsi sa Bongaka sa Univesithi ea Rochester; c2017. Health Encyclopedia: Hepatitis Panel [e qotsitswe ka 2017 Motsheanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid;=hepatitis_panel
  22. Bophelo ba UW [Marang-rang]. Madison (WI): Univesithi ea Wisconsin-Madison Sekolo sa Bongaka le Bophelo ba Sechaba; c2017. Tlhahisoleseling ea Bophelo: Hepatitis Panel [e ntlafalitsoeng 2016 Oct 14; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Mots'eanong 31]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 5]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: http://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/special/hepatitis-panel/tr6161.html

Tlhahisoleseling e fumanehang sebakeng sena sa marang-rang ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa ho nka sebaka sa tlhokomelo ea bongaka le likeletso. Ikopanye le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u na le lipotso ka bophelo ba hau.

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