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Mona ke Tlhahiso mabapi le Plasma ea Donva Convalescent bakeng sa bakuli ba COVID-19 - Mokhoa Oa Bophelo
Mona ke Tlhahiso mabapi le Plasma ea Donva Convalescent bakeng sa bakuli ba COVID-19 - Mokhoa Oa Bophelo

Litaba

Ho tloha mafelong a Hlakubele, seoa sa coronavirus se ntse se tsoela pele ho ruta sechaba - le lefats'e - lethathamo la mantsoe a macha: ho suthelana sechabeng, lisebelisoa tsa ts'ireletso ea motho ka mong (PPE), ho batla mabitso, ho bolela mabitso a 'maloa feela. Ho bonahala eka ka letsatsi le leng le le leng le fetang la seoa (se bonahalang se sa fele) ho na le nts'etsopele e ncha e fanang ka maikutlo a 'nete a lipoleloana tse eketsang ho bukantswe e ntseng e hola ea COVID-19. E 'ngoe ea litlatsetso tsa morao-rao ho lentsoe la hau le ntseng le eketseha? Phekolo ea convalescent plasma.

Ha u tsebe? Ke tla hlalosa...

Ka la 23 Phato, 2020 Tsamaiso ea Lijo le Lithethefatsi ea U.S. (FDA) e lumelletse ts'ebeliso ea tšohanyetso ea lero la mali la convalescent - karolo e nang le mali a mangata a mali a nkiloeng ho bakuli ba fumanoeng ba COVID-19 - bakeng sa kalafo ea linyeoe tse matla tsa coronavirus. Joale, nako e fetang beke hamorao, ka la 1 Loetse, COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel, karolo ea National Institutes of Health (NIH), e ile ea kenella moqoqong, e re "ha ho na data e lekaneng ho khothaletsa tšebeliso kapa khahlano le ts'ebeliso. ea plasma ea convalescent bakeng sa kalafo ea COVID-19. ”


Pele ho tšoantšiso ena, plasma ea convalescent e ile ea fuoa bakuli ba kulang ba COVID-19 ka Lenaneo le Atolositsoeng la Katleho ea Mayo Clinic (EAP), le neng le hloka ho ngolisoa ha lingaka ho kopa plasma bakeng sa bakuli, ho latela FDA. Hona joale, ho ea pele, EAP e felile 'me e nkeloa sebaka ke FDA's Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), eo ha e le hantle e lumellang lingaka le lipetlele ho kopa lero la mali ntle le ho fihlela litekanyetso tse itseng tsa ho ingolisa. Empa, joalo ka ha ho hatisoa ke polelo ea haufinyane ea NIH, ho hlokahala lipatlisiso tse ngata pele motho e mong le e mong a ka khothaletsa semolao (le ka polokeho) kalafo ea plasma ea convalescent joalo ka kalafo e ts'epahalang ea COVID-19.

Phekolo ea plasma ea Convalescent e fumaneha habonolo ho feta neng kapa neng e le kalafo e ka bang teng ea COVID-19 naheng ea Amerika, empa ha e le hantle ke eng? Mme o ka fana ka plasma ea convalescent joang bakeng sa bakuli ba COVID-19? Pele, tsohle tseo o hlokang ho li tseba.

Kahoo, Phekolo ea Plasma ea Convalescent ke Eng, Hantle?

Pele, convalescent plasma ke eng? Convalescent (lehlalosi le lereho) e bolela mang kapa mang ea folang lefu lena, 'me lero la mali ke karolo e' mala o mosehla, o metsi o nang le lisireletsi tsa lefu, ho latela FDA. Mme, haeba o ka hloloheloa sehlopha sa baeloji sa sehlopha sa 7, lithibela-mafu ke liprotheine tse etselitsoeng ho loants'a ts'oaetso e itseng kamora ho ba le tšoaetso eo.


Kahoo, plasma ea convalescent e mpa e le lero la mali le tsoang ho motho ea folisitsoeng ke lefu - ntlheng ena, COVID-19, ho bolela Brenda Grossman, MD, motsamaisi oa bongaka oa Transfusion Medicine sepetleleng sa Barnes-Jewish, le moprofesa oa Washington University School of Bongaka St. Dr. Grossman o re: "Li-plasmas tsa Convalescent li 'nile tsa sebelisoa nakong e fetileng, ka katleho e fapaneng, bakeng sa maloetse a' maloa a tšoaetsanoang, ho kenyelletsa le Flu ea Spain, SARS, MERS le Ebola."

Joale, mona ke moo "kalafo" e kenang: Hang ha lero la mali le fumanoe ho motho ea hlaphohetsoeng, le tšeloa ho mokuli ea kulang oa hona joale ('me hangata a le matla) e le hore lithibela-mafu li ka ts'episa "ho fokotsa vaerase le ho ntlafatsa phepelo ea vaerase." 'meleng," ho bolela Emily Stoneman, MD, setsebi sa mafu a tšoaetsanoang Univesithing ea Michigan e Ann Arbor. Ka mantsoe a mang, e sebelisoa "ho matlafatsa sesole sa 'mele sa mokuli le ho fokotsa phello ea bokuli."


Empa, joalo ka ha ho le joalo bophelong (ugh, dating), nako ke ntho e ngoe le e ngoe. Dr. Stoneman oa hlalosa: “Hangata ho nka libeke tse peli hore batho ba nang le tšoaetso ea COVID-19 ba iketsetse li-antibodies ka bo bona. bakuli ba ho kula haholo,” Kahoo, le hoja ho sa ntse ho hlokahala lipatlisiso tse eketsehileng ho fumana katleho ea phekolo ea plasma ea convalescent, mabaka a teng hona joale ke hore ha mokuli a fumana phekolo kapele, ho ka etsahala hore a bone liphello tse ntle. (E amanang: Tsela ea ho sebetsana le Matšoenyeho a Bophelo Nakong ea COVID-19, le Beyond)

Ke Mang ea ka Nehelanang ka Plasma ea Convalescent bakeng sa COVID-19?

Netefatso ea pele: o na le coronavirus mme o na le teko ea ho e paka.

"Batho ba ka fana ka plasma haeba ba ne ba e-na le ts'oaetso ea COVID-19 ka litokomane tsa laboratori (ebang ke nasopharyngeal [nasal] swab kapa tlhahlobo e ntle ea antibody), ba folile ka botlalo, 'me ha ba na matšoao bonyane libeke tse peli," ho latela Hyunah Yoon, MD. setsebi sa mafu a tšoaetsanoang Albert Einstein College of Medicine. (Hape bala: Teko e Ntle ea Khahlano le 'Mele e Bolela'ng?)

Ha u na tlhahlobo e netefalitsoeng empa u kholisehile hore u kile ua ba le matšoao a coronavirus? Litaba tse monate: O ka hlophisa tlhahlobo ea lesole la 'mele ho American Red Cross ea heno,' me haeba liphetho li le ntle bakeng sa lithibela-mafu, tsoela pele ka tsela e nepahetseng - ke hore, ha feela u fihlela litlhoko tse ling tsa bafani, joalo ka ho hloka matšoao bonyane matsatsi a 14 pele ho monehelo. Le hoja FDA e khothalletsa libeke tse peli ntle le matšoao, lipetlele le mekhatlo e meng e ka 'na ea hloka hore bafani ba se ke ba ba le matšoao ka matsatsi a 28, ho bolela Dr. Grossman.

Ho feta moo, American Red Cross le eona e hloka hore bafani ba li-convalescent plasma bonyane ba lilemo li 17, ba be boima ba li-lbs tse 110, 'me ba fihlelle litlhoko tsa mokhatlo tsa monehelo oa mali. (Sheba tataiso ena ea ho fana ka mali ho bona hore na u loketse ho ea ho latela litlhoko tseo.) Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore linakong tseo e seng tsa seoa, u ka (le, TBH, e lokela) ho fana ka plasma e tla sebelisoa bakeng sa mekhoa e meng ea kalafo bakeng sa bakuli ba mofets'e le bahlaseluoa ba ho cha le ba kotsing, ho latela Setsi sa Mali sa New York.

Monehelo oa Plasma oa Convalescent o Akarelletsa Eng?

Ha u se u lokiselitse ketelo le setsi sa hau sa monehelo sa lehae, ke nako ea ho itokisa. Leha ho le joalo, sohle se hlileng se kenyelletsang ke ho noa metsi a mangata (bonyane 16oz.) le ho ja lijo tse nang le protheine le tšepe (nama e khubelu, tlhapi, linaoa, spinach) lihora tse lebisang kopanong ea hau ho thibela ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng, hlooho e bobebe, le ho tsekela, ho ea ka American Red Cross.

E utloahala e tloaelehile? Ke hobane plasma le phano ea mali li tšoana hantle - ntle le ketso ea ho fana. Haeba u kile ua fana ka mali, ua tseba hore mokelikeli o phalla ho tsoa letsohong la hao le ho kena ka mokotleng 'me tse ling kaofela ke histori. Ho fana ka plasma ho batla ho feta, ho fosahetse, ho thata. Nakong ea monehelo oa plasma feela, mali a ntšoa letsohong le le leng ebe a romelloa ka mochini oa theknoloji e phahameng o bokellang plasma ebe o khutlisa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali le liplatelete - mmoho le letsoai le leng la metsi a letsoai (a tsejoang e le metsi a letsoai) - a khutlela 'meleng oa hau. Sena se bohlokoa hobane lero la mali ke karolo ea 92 lekholong ea metsi, ho latela American Red Cross, mme ts'ebetso ea monehelo e eketsa menyetla ea ho felloa ke metsi (ho feta mona ka tlase). Ts'ebetso eohle ea monehelo e lokela ho nka feela hora le metsotso e 15 (e ka ba metsotso e 15 feela ho feta monehelo oa mali feela), ho latela American Red Cross.

Hape joalo ka monehelo oa mali, litla-morao tsa ho fana ka plasma li nyane - kamora moo, o tlameha ho ba le bophelo bo botle ka kakaretso hore o tšoanelehe pele. Ho boleloa joalo ka ha ho boletsoe kaholimo, ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng ke monyetla o moholo. Ka lebaka leo, ho bohlokoa hore o eketse mokelikeli oa hau oa metsi matsatsing a latelang mme o qobe ho phahamisa boima le ho ikoetlisa bonyane letsatsi lohle. Hape u se ke oa tšoenyeha ka hore 'mele oa hau o tla ba le metsi a mang a bohlokoa, kaha ho ka khona (mme ho joalo) ho nka sebaka sa bophahamo ba mali kapa lero la mali nakong ea lihora tse 48.

A na kotsi ea hau ea COVID-19? Seo ha se ea lokela ho tšoenya mona. Litsi tse ngata tsa phepelo ea mali li etsoa ka tumellano feela ho leka ho ts'ehetsa mekhoa e metle ea ho fokotsa batho sechabeng mme ba sebelisitse litemoso tse ling joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe ke Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Litaba tse paleng ena li nepahetse ho tloha nakong ea khatiso. Ha lintlafatso mabapi le coronavirus COVID-19 li ntse li tsoela pele ho fetoha, ho ka etsahala hore tlhaiso-leseling le likhothaletso tse ling paleng ena li fetohile haesale e phatlalatsoa. Re u khothaletsa ho etela khafetsa ka lisebelisoa tse kang CDC, WHO, le lefapha la hau la bophelo bo botle ba sechaba bakeng sa lintlha le likhothaletso tsa morao-rao.

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