Lefu la ho ruruha ha mala (IBD): ke eng, matšoao le kalafo
Litaba
- Matšoao a mantlha
- Mokhoa oa ho netefatsa ts'oaetso
- Lisosa tse ka bang teng
- Kalafo e etsoa joang
- Seo u ka se jang haeba u na le IBD
- 1. Lijo tse lumelletsoeng
- 2. Lijo tse lokelang ho qojoa
Lefu la ho ruruha le bolela mafu a sa foleng a bakang ho ruruha ha mala, lefu la Crohn le ulcerative colitis, a nang le matšoao a ts'oanang, joalo ka bohloko ba mpeng, letshollo, feberu, tahlehelo ea boima, phokolo ea mali kapa ho se mamellane lijo, mohlala, empa li nkoa e le mafu a ikhethileng.
Kalafo e na le ho fana ka meriana, ho ja lijo tse itseng le ho tlatselletsa ka livithamini le liminerale. Maemong a mang, ho kanna ha hlokahala hore u etsoa opereishene.
Matšoao a mantlha
Boloetse ba ho ruruha bo ka iponahatsa ka matšoao a mpa kapa likarolong tse ling tsa 'mele, tse latelang e le tse atileng haholo:
Lefu la Crohn | Ho ruruha ha lefu la ulcerative | |
---|---|---|
Matšoao a mala | Mahlaba a mpeng; Letšollo le ka bang le mali; Pipitlelano; Tšitiso ea mala Ho nyekeloa le ho hlatsa; Ho phatloha ha li-anal, li-fistula le li-plicomas; Potlako ho baleha; Tenesmus; Ho hloka taolo ya mantle. | Letšollo le boteng ba mamina le mali; Mahlaba a mpeng; Pipitlelano; Liso tsa sekepe. |
Matšoao a systemic / extra-mala | Kholofalo ea kholo ea bana le bacha; Feberu; Ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele; Erythema nodosum; Photophobia, uveitis; Spondyloarthrosis ea serone; Ankylosing spondylitis; Sacroiliitis; Thrombosis; Autoimmune hemolytic khaello ea mali; Ho fokola ha masapo le ho robeha ha masapo; Ho tšoaroa ke hlooho le methapo ea pelo; Maloetse a mesifa Ho tepella maikutlo. | Tachycardia; Khaello ea mali; Feberu; Ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele; Ho ruruha; Ramatiki ea seronegative; Ankylosing spondylitis; Sacroiliitis; Erythema nodosum; Pyoderma ea likokoana-hloko; Thrombosis; Sekoli sa mantlha sa sclerosing cholangitis. |
Matšoao a tšoaetso ea lefu la Crohn a tšoana haholo le a ulcerative colitis, empa a mang a ona a ka fapana hobane lefu la Crohn le ka ama tšoaetso eohle ea masapo, ho tloha molomong ho ea ho anus, ha libaka tse anngoeng ke lefu la ho ruruha le diso ka maleng li hlile li le ka hare. le colon. Etsa tlhahlobo le ho tseba ho tseba lefu la Crohn.
Mokhoa oa ho netefatsa ts'oaetso
Ka kakaretso, tlhahlobo e na le tlhahlobo ea bongaka, li-endoscopy, liteko tsa histological le radiological le lipatlisiso tsa biochemical.
Lisosa tse ka bang teng
Ha ho tsejoe lisosa tse ikhethileng tsa lefu la ho ruruha ha mala, empa ho nahanoa hore e kanna ea amana le liphatsa tsa lefutso, immunological, intestinal microbiota le lisosa tsa lijo.
Kahoo, ho batho ba nang le lefu la ho ruruha ha mala, ba fuoeng lijo tse itseng kapa likokoana-hloko, ho na le ts'ebetso e sa tloaelehang ea karabelo ea ho ruruha, e bakang tšenyo liseleng tsa mala, e lebisang ponahalong ea matšoao a lefu lena.
Maloetse a ho ruruha le 'ona a ka susumetsoa ke lilemo le morabe, mme kotsi ea ho a hlahisa e kanna ea eketseha ka ts'ebeliso ea lisakerete, ts'ebeliso ea lithibela-pelehi tsa hormone, ts'ebeliso ea lithibela-mafu selemong sa pele sa bophelo, gastroenteritis, lijo tse nang le liprotheine tsa liphoofolo, tsoekere , oli, mafura a mangata.
Kalafo e etsoa joang
Kalafo e ikemiselitse ho hlohlelletsa le ho boloka ts'oarelo ea lefu lena, ho ntlafatsa maemo a phepo ea motho le ho imolla matšoao.
Ka kakaretso, meriana e laetsoeng ke ngaka e ka kenyelletsa lithethefatsi tse khahlanong le ho ruruha, joalo ka corticosteroids le aminosalicylates joalo ka mesalazine kapa sulfasalazine, mohlala, li-immunosuppressants tse kang cyclosporine, azathioprine kapa mercaptopurine, lithibela-mafu tse kang ciprofloxacin kapa metronidazole le / kapa li-antibodies tsa monoclonal, joalo ka li-antibodies tsa monoclonal le / kapa li-antibodies tsa monoclonal, joalo ka infliximab kapa adalimumab, mohlala.
Maemong a mang, ho lefu la Crohn, ho ka hlokahala ho etsa opereishene ho lokisa litlolo kapa ho tlosa likarolo tsa mala ha kalafo ka lithethefatsi e sa sebetse.
Batho ba nang le mafu a ho ruruha ba na le monyetla o moholo oa ho ba le mathata a phepo e nepahetseng ka lebaka la ho kula le kalafo, ka hona, ho boloka boemo ba phepo maemong ana, ho kanna ha hlokahala ho latela lijo tse khethehileng le ho noa li-supplement ka folic acid, vithamine D, livithamini B6, B12 le liminerale le ho latela likarolo, tse kang calcium le zinc, mohlala. Ntle le moo, ts'ebeliso ea li-probiotic le glutamine e ka thusa ho ntlafatsa tšebetso ea mala.
Seo u ka se jang haeba u na le IBD
Morero oa mantlha oa phepo ea mafu a ho ruruha ke ho fokotsa ho ruruha ha mala le ho ntlafatsa ho monya, ho imolla matšoao le ho thibela ponahalo ea mathata a macha. Lijo li lokela ho ikhetholla ka ho khetheha ho motho e mong le e mong, empa ho na le lijo tse atisang ho mamelloa le tse ling tse lokelang ho qojoa, haholo nakong ea likoluoa:
1. Lijo tse lumelletsoeng
Lijo tse ling tse lumelloang lijong ke:
- Rice, purees, pasta le litapole;
- Nama e itshetlehileng, joalo ka nama ea kana;
- Lehe le phehiloeng;
- Litlhapi tse kang sardine, tuna kapa salmon;
- Meroho e phehiloeng, joalo ka lihoete, asparagase le mokopu;
- Litholoana tse phehiloeng le tse ebotsoeng, joalo ka libanana le liapole;
- Avocado le oli ea mohloaare.
2. Lijo tse lokelang ho qojoa
Lijo tse lokelang ho qojoa, kaha li na le kotsi e kholo ea ho baka ho ruruha ha mala, ke:
- Kofi, tee e ntšo, lino-mapholi tse nang le k'hafeine le lino tse tahang;
- Peo;
- Meroho e tala le litholoana tse sa ebuoang;
- Papaya, lamunu le plum;
- Lebese, yogurt, chisi, tranelate e bolila le botoro;
- Mahe a linotši, tsoekere, sorbitol kapa mannitol;
- Litholoana tse omisitsoeng, joalo ka linate, walnuts le lialmonde;
- Oat;
- Tsokolate;
- Nama ea kolobe le nama tse ling tse mafura;
- Li-cookie tse khutšoane le tse monate tse nang le bohobe bo halikiloeng, lijo tse halikiloeng, gratin, mayonnaise le lijo tse hoammeng tse tsoetseng pele.
Lijo tsena ke mehlala feela eo ka kakaretso e lokelang ho qojoa, leha ho le joalo, sepheo ke ho ea ho setsebi sa phepo ho fetola lijo hore li lumellane le 'mele oa motho ka mong, hobane ho ka ba le lijo tse ling tse mpefatsang matšoao.