Dilated cardiomyopathy: ke eng, matšoao le kalafo

Litaba

• Matšoao a mantlha
• Mokhoa oa ho netefatsa ts'oaetso
• Lisosa tse ka bang teng tsa lefu la cardiomyopathy
• Kalafo e etsoa joang
• 1. Lithethefatsi tse nang le khatello ea mali
• 2. Li-diuretics
• 3. Digitlico
• 4. Li-anticoagulants
• 5. Moetsi oa maoto
• 6. Ho kenyelletsa pelo
• Mathata a ka bang teng
• Mokhoa oa ho thibela lefu la cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy ke lefu le bakang ho phahama ho feteletseng ha mesifa ea pelo, ho etsa hore ho be thata ho pompa mali likarolong tsohle tsa 'mele, ho ka lebisang nts'etsopele ea ho hloleha ha pelo, arrhythmia, ho koaloa ha mali kapa lefu la tšohanyetso.

Mofuta ona oa lefu la pelo o atile haholo ho banna ba pakeng tsa lilemo tse 20 ho isa ho tse 50, leha o ka ba teng lilemong tsohle, ho kenyeletsoa le bana, mme hangata o ka se hlahise matšoao ao ho leng bonolo ho a tseba. Leha ho le joalo, kaha ho na le bothata ba hore pelo e pompe mali, motho eo a ka ikutloa a khathetse, a fokola kapa a hema hanyane, mme ho kgothaletswa ho ya ho ngaka ya pelo ho etsa diteko le ho fihlela sephetho sa tlhahlobo.

Kalafo ea lefu la cardiomyopathy e bontšoa ke ngaka ea pelo ho latela matšoao, lisosa le ho tiea ha lefu lena, mme ho ka hlokahala ho beha pacemaker maemong a matla ka ho fetisisa. Tsela e molemohali ea ho thibela mathata a lefu la pelo ke ho latela motho ea nang le lefu la pelo khafetsa.

Matšoao a mantlha

Matšoao a lefu la cardiomyopathy hangata a tšoana le matšoao a ho hloleha ha pelo kapa arrhythmia mme a kenyelletsa:

• Mokhathala o feteletseng;
• Bofokoli;
• Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane nakong ea ho ikoetlisa, ha u phomotse kapa ha u robetse ka mokokotlo;
• Bothata ba ho ikoetlisa kapa mesebetsing ea letsatsi le letsatsi;
• Ho ruruha maotong, maqaqailaneng kapa maotong;
• Ho ruruha ho feteletseng ka mpeng;
• Bohloko ba sefuba;
• Boikutlo ba ho otla ha pelo ka tsela e sa tloaelehang;
• Ho utloahala ha lerata ka pelong.

Ntle le moo, khatello ea mali e ka ba tlase ka lebaka la bothata ba pelo ba ho pompa mali.

Mokhoa oa ho netefatsa ts'oaetso

Tlhahlobo ea lefu la cardiomyopathy e tlameha ho etsoa ke ngaka ea pelo e ipapisitse le matšoao, tlhahlobo ea nalane ea motho le ea lelapa, tlhahlobo ea bongaka le liteko tse ling tse kang sefuba sa X-ray, tlhahlobo ea mali, electrocardiogram, Holter test, echocardiogram, teko ea boikoetliso, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, catheterization kapa biopsy ea pelo, mohlala. Fumana hore na tlhahlobo ea Holter e etsoa joang.

Setsebi sa lefu la pelo le sona se ka kopa tlhahlobo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso ho fumana hore na lefu la pelo le atolositsoeng le kanna la bakoa ke mabaka a lefutso.

Lisosa tse ka bang teng tsa lefu la cardiomyopathy

Lebaka la lefu la cardiomyopathy, hangata, le ke ke la tsejoa, le bitsoa idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Leha ho le joalo, lisosa tse ling tse lebisang qalong ea lefu lena li kenyelletsa:

• Arrhythmia ea pelo;
• Ho se sebetse ha pelo;
• Lefu la tsoekere;
• Botenya;
• Khatello ea kelello;
• Botahoa;
• Ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tse kang cocaine kapa amphetamine;
• Tšebeliso e sa foleng ea meriana e kang corticosteroids;
• Chemotherapy le lithethefatsi tse kang doxorubicin, epirubicin, daunorubicin kapa cyclophosphamide;
• Lefu la Chagas kapa toxoplasmosis;
• Ho itšireletsa mafung a kang lefu la ramatiki kapa systemic lupus erythematosus;
• Tšoaetso e bakoang ke libaktheria tse kang Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Mycoplasma kapa Chlamydia;
• Tšoaetso ea livaerase tse kang adenovirus, parvovirus, herpes virus, hepatitis C virus kapa Covid-19;
• Ho hlahisa chefo e kang lead, mercury kapa cobalt;
• Mathata nakong ea bokhachane bo morao;
• Liphoso tsa tlhaho tse hlahang nakong ea tsoalo ea lesea.

Ho fokola ha pelo ho ka hlaha hape ka lebaka la mathata a liphatsa tsa lefutso, ka hona, ho atile haholo ho bakuli ba nang le nalane ea lelapa ea lefu lena, haholo ha le ama motsoali kapa mang.

Kalafo e etsoa joang

Kalafo ea lefu la cardiomyopathy e lokela ho qalisoa kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang, tlasa tataiso ea ngaka ea pelo, ho qoba mathata a kang pulmonary embolism kapa ho ts'oaroa ha pelo, mohlala.

Kalafo e ka etsoa ka:

1. Lithethefatsi tse nang le khatello ea mali

Li-antihypertensives tse ling li ka sebelisoa ho phekola lefu la pelo le phutholohileng ha li ntse li thusa ho ntlafatsa ho phahama ha likepe le ho eketsa phallo ea mali, ntle le ho nolofatsa mosebetsi oa pelo. Lihlopha tse sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa tsa khatello ea mali ke:

• Angiotensin-fetola enzyme inhibitors joalo ka captopril, enalapril kapa lisinopril;
• Li-block tsa Angiotensin joalo ka losartan, valsartan kapa candesartan;
• Beta blockers joaloka carvedilol kapa bisoprolol.

Meriana ena e ka thusa ho alafa kapa ho thibela ho qala ha arrhythmias.

2. Li-diuretics

Li-diuretics, tse kang furosemide kapa indapamide, li ka sebelisoa ho phekola lefu la pelo ho tlosa maro a mangata 'meleng, ho a thibela ho bokellana methapong le ho etsa hore ho be thata ho otla pelo.

Ho feta moo, diuretics e kokobetsa ho ruruha maotong le maotong a bakoang ke lefu lena le matšoafo, ho thusa ho hema hantle.

3. Digitlico

Digitalisisi e sebelisetsoang ho phekola lefu la pelo le atolositsoeng ke digoxin e sebetsang ka ho matlafatsa mesifa ea pelo, ho thusa ho honyela le ho lumella pompo ea mali e sebetsang hantle.

Meriana ena e boetse e thusa ho fokotsa matšoao a ho hloleha ha pelo, ho thusang ho ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo.

Leha ho le joalo, digoxin ke sethethefatsi se chefo 'me e hloka tlhahlobo ea bongaka khafetsa le liteko.

4. Li-anticoagulants

Li-anticoagulants tse kang warfarin kapa aspirin li sebetsa ka ho theola viscosity ea mali, e nolofalletsa ho pompa le ho thibela ponahalo ea maqeba a ka bakang embolism kapa stroke.

5. Moetsi oa maoto

Maemong a boima ka ho fetesisa, moo kalafo e sa etsoang hantle kapa lefu le fumanoe hamorao, ngaka e kanna ea khothaletsa ho buuoa ho beha pacemaker ka pelong ho hokahanya tšusumetso ea motlakase ea pelo, ho nolofatsa mosebetsi oa eona le ho laola ho otloa ha pelo .

6. Ho kenyelletsa pelo

Ho kenyelletsa pelo ho ka khothaletsoa ke ngaka ea hau haeba ho se na mekhoa e meng ea kalafo e sebetsang, joalo ka ho sebelisa meriana kapa pacemaker. Bona hore na pelo e kenoa joang.

Mathata a ka bang teng

Mathata a ntlafalitseng cardiomyopathy a ka a bakang ke:

• Ho se sebetse ha pelo;
• Arrhythmia ea pelo;
• Bothata ba valve ea pelo;
• Ho bokella maro ka matšoafong, mpeng, maotong le maotong;
• Ho tšoaroa ha pelo.

Ntle le moo, lefu la pelo le atolositsoeng le ka eketsa menyetla ea ho koaloa ha mali le nts'etsopele ea pulmonary embolism, infarction kapa stroke.

Mokhoa oa ho thibela lefu la cardiomyopathy

Mehato e meng e ka thusa ho thibela kapa ho fokotsa tšenyo ea lefu la pelo le kang:

• Se ke oa tsuba;
• Se ke oa noa joala kapa oa noa ka tekano;
• Se ke oa sebelisa lithethefatsi tse kang cocaine kapa amphetamine;
• Boloka boima ba 'mele bo phetse hantle;
• Etsa boikoetliso bo khothalletsoang ke ngaka;
• Robala bonyane lihora tse 8 ho isa ho tse 9 bosiu.

Ho bohlokoa ho latela litaelo tsa ngaka le ho ja lijo tse leka-lekaneng tse se nang mafura, tsoekere kapa letsoai. Lekola lenane la lijo tse loketseng pelo.