Teko ea Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP)

Litaba

• Teko ea alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ke eng?
• E sebelisetsoa eng?
• Hobaneng ke hloka tlhahlobo ea AFP?
• Ho etsahalang nakong ea tlhahlobo ea AFP?
• Na ke tla hloka ho etsa eng kapa eng ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo?
• Na ho na le likotsi tsa tlhahlobo?
• Liphetho li bolelang?
• Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba ka tlhahlobo ea AFP?
• Litšupiso

Teko ea alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ke eng?

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ke protheine e hlahisoang sebeteng sa lesea le sa tsoa hlaha. Nakong ea kholo ea lesea, AFP e 'ngoe e feta ka placenta ebe e kena maling a' m'a eona. Tlhahlobo ea AFP e lekanya boemo ba AFP ho bakhachane nakong ea bokhachane ba bobeli ba bokhachane. AFP e ngata haholo kapa e fokolang haholo maling a 'mè e ka ba sesupo sa ho holofala ha tlhaho kapa boemo bo bong. Tsena li kenyelletsa:

• Phoso ea methapo ea methapo, boemo bo tebileng bo bakang kholo e sa tloaelehang ea boko ba lesea le / kapa mokokotlo
• Down syndrome, lefu la lefutso le bakang kholofalo ea kelello le tieho ea kholo
• Mafahla kapa tsoalo e mengata, hobane lesea le fetang le le leng le hlahisa AFP
• Ho fosahetse ho fana ka nako ea letsatsi, hobane maemo a AFP a fetoha nakong ea bokhachane

Mabitso a mang: AFP ea Basali; Maternal Serum AFP; Sesepa sa msAFP

E sebelisetsoa eng?

Tlhahlobo ea mali ea AFP e sebelisetsoa ho hlahloba lesea le ntseng le hōla ka popelong bakeng sa kotsi ea bofokoli ba tsoalo le mathata a liphatsa tsa lefutso, joalo ka li-neural tube defects kapa Down syndrome.

Hobaneng ke hloka tlhahlobo ea AFP?

Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Bokhachane o re basali bohle ba baimana ba lokela ho fuoa tlhahlobo ea AFP nako e itseng lipakeng tsa beke ea bo15 le ea bo20 ea boimana. Teko e ka khothaletsoa ka ho khetheha haeba u:

• Ho ba le nalane ea lelapa ea bokooa ba tsoalo
• Ke lilemo tse 35 kapa ho feta
• E-ba le lefu la tsoekere

Ho etsahalang nakong ea tlhahlobo ea AFP?

Ngaka ea tlhokomelo ea bophelo e tla nka sampole ea mali mothapong o letsohong la hao, e sebelisa nale e nyane. Kamora hore nalete e kenngoe, ho tla bokelloa mali a manyane ka har'a pompo ea liteko. U ka ikutloa u hlaba hanyane ha nale e kena kapa e tsoa. Hangata hona ho nka nako e ka tlase ho metsotso e mehlano.

Na ke tla hloka ho etsa eng kapa eng ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo?

Ha o hloke litokisetso tse khethehileng bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea AFP.

Na ho na le likotsi tsa tlhahlobo?

Ho na le kotsi e nyane haholo ho uena kapa ho lesea la hau ka tlhahlobo ea mali ea AFP. U kanna oa ba le mahlaba a fokolang kapa ho longoa moo nale e kentsoeng teng, empa matšoao a mangata a fela kapele. Teko e 'ngoe e bitsoang amniocentesis e fana ka tlhahlobo e nepahetseng ea Down syndrome le mathata a mang a tsoalo, empa tlhahlobo e na le kotsi e nyane ea ho baka ho senyeheloa ke mpa.

Liphetho li bolelang?

Haeba liphetho tsa hau li bonts'a holimo ho feta maemo a tloaelehileng a AFP, ho kanna ha bolela hore lesea la hau le na le bothata ba methapo ea methapo e kang spina bifida, boemo boo masapo a mokokotlo a sa koaleng haufi le mokokotlo, kapa anencephaly, boemo boo boko ha bo hōle hantle.

Haeba liphetho tsa hau li bonts'a tlase ho feta maemo a tloaelehileng a AFP, ho ka bolela hore lesea la hau le na le lefu la lefutso joalo ka Down syndrome, boemo bo bakang mathata a kelello le kholo.

Haeba maemo a hau a AFP a sa tloaeleha, ha ho bolele hore ho na le bothata le ngoana oa hau. Ho kanna ha bolela hore o na le bana ba fetang a le mong kapa hore letsatsi la hau le loketseng le fosahetse. U kanna oa fumana sephetho sa tšoaetso e fosahetseng. Seo se bolela hore liphetho tsa hau li bonts'a bothata, empa ngoana oa hau o phetse hantle. Haeba liphetho tsa hau li bonts'a boemo bo phahameng kapa bo tlase ho feta bo tloaelehileng ba AFP, o kanna oa fumana liteko tse ling ho thusa ho tseba hore na o na le lefu lefe.

Ithute haholoanyane ka liteko tsa laboratori, libaka tsa litšupiso, le liphetho tsa kutloisiso.

Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba ka tlhahlobo ea AFP?

Liteko tsa AFP hangata ke karolo ea letoto la liteko tsa bakhachane tse bitsoang li-marker tse ngata kapa liteko tse tharo tsa skrini. Ntle le AFP, liteko tse tharo tsa skrini li kenyelletsa liteko tsa hCG, hormone e hlahisoang ke placenta, le estriol, mofuta oa estrogen e entsoeng ke lesea. Liteko tsena li ka thusa ho fumana Down syndrome le mathata a mang a lefutso.

Haeba u le kotsing e kholo ea ho ba le ngoana ea nang le bofokoli bo itseng ba tsoalo, mofani oa hau a ka boela a khothaletsa tlhahlobo e ncha e bitsoang DNA e senang sele (cfDNA). Ena ke teko ea mali e ka fuoang kapele ho 10^th beke ea bokhachane. E ka bonts'a e ka bonts'a haeba lesea la hau le na le monyetla o moholo oa ho ba le Down syndrome kapa mafu a mang a lefutso.

Litšupiso

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2. Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Bokhachane [Inthanete]. Irving (TX): Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Bokhachane; c2017. Triple Screen Test [e ntlafalitsoeng 2016 Sep 2; e qotsitsoeng ka 2017 Jun 5]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: http://americanpregnancy.org/prenatal-testing/triple-screen-test/
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Tlhahisoleseling e fumanehang sebakeng sena sa marang-rang ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa ho nka sebaka sa tlhokomelo ea bongaka le likeletso. Ikopanye le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u na le lipotso ka bophelo ba hau.