Teko ea Pap

Tlhahlobo ea Pap e hlahloba mofetše oa popelo. Lisele tse hlakotsoeng qalong ea molomo oa pōpelo li hlahlojoa ka microscope. Sefuba sa molomo ke karolo e ka tlase ea popelo (popelo) e bulehang kaholimo ho botshehadi.

Teko ena ka linako tse ling e bitsoa Pap smear.

U robala tafoleng ebe u beha maoto a hau ka har'a moferefere. Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o beha sesebelisoa se bitsoang speculum ka hara botshehadi ho se bula hanyane. Sena se nolofalletsa mofani hore a bone kahare ho botshehadi le molomo oa popelo.

Lisele li hlakoloa ka bonolo ho tsoa sebakeng sa molomo. Mohlala oa lisele o romelloa labong ho ea hlahlojoa.

Bolella mofani oa hau ka meriana eohle eo u e sebelisang. Lipilisi tse ling tsa thibelo ea bokhachane tse nang le estrogen kapa progestin li ka ama sephetho sa liteko.

Hape bolella mofani oa hau haeba u:

• Ke bile le tlhahlobo e sa tloaelehang ea Pap
• E kanna ea ba moimana

O SE KE WA etsa tse latelang lihora tse 24 pele ho tlhahlobo:

• Douche (douching ha ea lokela ho etsoa)
• Kopanela liphate
• Sebelisa lithampone

Leka hore u se ke ua hlophisa tlhahlobo ea hau ea Pap ha u ntse u le khoeling (u le khoeling). Mali a ka etsa hore liphetho tsa liteko tsa Pap li se ke tsa nepahala. Haeba u tsoa mali u sa lebella, u se ke oa hlakola tlhahlobo ea hau. Mofani oa hau o tla etsa qeto ea hore na tlhahlobo ea Pap e ntse e ka etsoa.

Tlosa senya sa hau pele ho tlhahlobo.

Teko ea Pap e baka mathata a mangata ho basali ba bangata. E ka baka mathata, a ts'oanang le mahlaba a ho ilela khoeli. U kanna oa utloa khatello nakong ea tlhatlhobo.

U ka tsoa mali hanyane kamora tlhahlobo.

Teko ea Pap ke tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ea mofetše oa popelo. Bongata ba mofetše oa mokokotlo o ka fumanoa kapele ha mosali a e-na le litlhahlobo tse tloaelehileng tsa Pap.

Ho hlahlojoa ho lokela ho qala ha a le lilemo li 21.

Kamora tlhahlobo ea pele:

• U lokela ho etsa tlhahlobo ea Pap lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse tharo ho hlahloba mofetše oa popelo.
• Haeba u se u fetile lilemo tse 30 'me u boetse u entse tlhahlobo ea HPV,' me tlhahlobo ea Pap le ea HPV li tloaelehile, u ka lekoa lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 5. HPV (papillomavirus ea motho) ke vaerase e bakang likokoana-hloko tsa thobalano le mofetše oa popelo.
• Basali ba bangata ba ka emisa ho etsa liteko tsa Pap kamora lilemo tse 65 ho isa ho 70 ha feela ba bile le liteko tse 3 tse mpe lilemong tse 10 tse fetileng.

Mohlomong ha ho hlokahale hore u be le tlhatlhobo ea Pap haeba u tlositsoe hysterectomy (popelo le popelo) 'me ha u so etse tlhatlhobo e sa tloaelehang ea Pap, mofetše oa popelo kapa mofetše o mong oa pelvic. Buisanang ka sena le mofani oa thepa ea hau.

Sephetho se tloaelehileng se bolela hore ha ho na lisele tse sa tloaelehang tse teng. Teko ea Pap ha ea nepahala ka 100%. Lefu la mokokotlo le ka hloloheloa maemong a fokolang. Boholo ba nako, mofets'e oa popelo o hlaha butle haholo, 'me liteko tsa Pap tse latelang li lokela ho fumana liphetoho nakong ea kalafo.

Liphetho tse sa tloaelehang li hlophisitsoe ka tsela e latelang:

ASCUS kapa AGUS:

• Sephetho sena se bolela hore ho na le lisele tse sa tloaelehang, empa ha ho na bonnete kapa ha ho hlake hore na liphetoho tsena li bolelang.
• Liphetoho li kanna tsa ba ka lebaka la HPV.
• Li kanna tsa bakoa ke ho ruruha ha sesosa se sa tsejoeng.
• Li kanna tsa ba ka lebaka la khaello ea estrogen joalo ka ha e etsahala nakong ea ho ilela khoeli.
  
• Li kanna tsa bolela hore ho na le liphetoho tse ka lebisang mofetseng.
• Lisele tsena li ka ba tse sa tsitsang 'me li ka hlaha ka ntle ho molomo oa molomo kapa kahare ho popelo.

DYSPLASIA EA LIHLOOHO TSE Fatshe (LSIL) KAPA DYSPLASIA E PHAHAMENG (HSIL):

• Sena se bolela hore liphetoho tse ka lebisang mofetseng li teng.
• Kotsi ea ho tsoela pele ho mofetše oa popelo e kholo le HSIL.

CARCINOMA IN SITU (CIS):

• Sephetho sena hangata se bolela hore liphetoho tse sa tloaelehang li kanna tsa lebisa ho mofets'e oa popelo haeba li sa phekoloe

LISELE TSE TLANG TSE LING TSE LING (ASC):

• Liphetoho tse sa tloaelehang li fumanoe mme ekaba HSIL

LISELE TSE MOTSOALLE TSEBALETSANG (AGC):

• Liphetoho tsa sele tse ka lebisang mofetseng li bonoa karolong e kaholimo ea kanale ea popelo kapa kahare ho popelo.

Ha tlhahlobo ea Pap e bonts'a liphetoho tse sa tloaelehang, ho hlokahala liteko tse ling kapa ho li latela. Mohato o latelang o latela litholoana tsa tlhahlobo ea Pap, nalane ea hau ea pele ea liteko tsa Pap, le lisosa tsa kotsi tseo o ka bang le tsona bakeng sa mofetše oa popelo.

Bakeng sa liphetoho tse nyane tsa lisele, bafani ba tla khothaletsa tlhahlobo e 'ngoe ea Pap kapa ba phete tlhahlobo ea HPV likhoeling tse 6 ho isa ho tse 12.

Tlhahlobo ea kalafo kapa kalafo e ka kenyelletsa:

• Coloposcopy-directed biopsy - Colposcopy ke mokhoa oo popelo e phahamisoang ka sesebelisoa se bitsoang colposcope. Hangata li-biopsies tse nyane li fumanoa nakong ea ts'ebetso ena ho fumana hore na bothata bo boholo hakae.
• Teko ea HPV ho lekola boteng ba mefuta ea vaerase ea HPV e ka bakang mofets'e.
• Likokoana-hloko tsa molomo.
• Sesebelisoa sa mokokotlo.

Teko ea Papanicolaou; Pap smear; Ho hlahlojoa ha mofetše oa popelo - Teko ea Pap; Mokokotlo intraepithelial neoplasia - Pap; CIN - Pap; Liphetoho tsa molomo oa pelehi - Pap; Kankere ea mokokotlo - Pap; Lefu la squamous intraepithelial lesela - Pap; LSIL - Pap; HSIL - Pap; Pap ea maemo a tlase; Pap ea maemo a holimo; Carcinoma in situ - Pap; CIS - Pap; ASCUS - Pap; Lisele tsa tšoelesa tsa Atypical - Pap; AGUS - Pap; Lisele tsa squamous tse tloaelehileng - Pap; HPV - Pap; Kokoana-hloko ea papilloma ea motho - popelo ea Pap - Pap; Colposcopy - Pap

• Anatomy ea basali ea ho ikatisa
• Pap smear
• Sebete
• Khoholeho ea mokokotlo

Koleji ea Amerika ea Litsebi tsa Litsebi le Lingaka tsa Gynecologists. Itloaetse litaba tsa litaba. 140: taolo ea sephetho se sa tloaelehang sa tlhahlobo ea mofetše oa popelo le tse tlisetsang pele kankere ea popelo. (E netefalitsoe 2018) Gynecol e thibelang. 2013; 122 (6): 1338-1367. PMID: 24264713 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24264713/.

Koleji ea Amerika ea Litsebi tsa Litsebi le Lingaka tsa Gynecologists. Itloaetse litaba tsa litaba. 157: Ho hlahloba le ho thibela mofetše oa popelo. Gynecol e thibelang. 2016; 127 (1): e1-e20. PMID: 26695583 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26695583/.

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