Palo ea RBC

Palo ea RBC ke teko ea mali e lekanyang hore na u na le lisele tse khubelu tsa mali (RBCs) tse kae.

Li-RBC li na le hemoglobin, e tsamaisang oksijene. Hore na lisele tsa 'mele oa hau li fumana oksijene e kae ho latela hore na u na le li-RBC tse kae le hore na li sebetsa hantle hakae.

Ho hlokahala sampole ea mali.

Ha ho litokisetso tse khethehileng tse hlokahalang.

Ha nale e kentsoe ho hula mali, batho ba bang ba utloa bohloko bo itekanetseng. Ba bang ba ikutloa feela ho hlaba kapa ho hlaba. Kamora moo, ho ka ba le ho phatloha kapa ho longoa hanyane. Haufinyane sena sea fela.

Palo ea RBC hangata e lula e le karolo ea tlhahlobo e felletseng ea mali (CBC).

Teko e ka thusa ho fumana mefuta e fapaneng ea phokolo ea mali (palo e tlase ea li-RBC) le maemo a mang a amang lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.

Maemo a mang a ka hlokang palo ea RBC ke:

• Lefu le senyang methapo ea mali ea liphio (Alport syndrome)
• Kankere e tšoeu ea lisele tsa mali (Waldenström macroglobulinemia)
• Ho hloka taolo moo lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li senyehang pejana ho tloaelehileng (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria)
• Bothata ba moko oa masapo moo moko o nkeloang sebaka ke lisele tse bohale (myelofibrosis)

Mefuta e tloaelehileng ea RBC ke:

• E motona: lisele tse limilione tse 4.7 ho isa ho 6.1 ka microliter (lisele / mcL)
• Mosali: lisele tse limilione tse 4.2 ho isa ho tse 5.4 / mcL

Likarolo tse kaholimo ke litekanyo tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa liphetho tsa liteko tsena. Mekhahlelo e tloaelehileng ea boleng e ka fapana hanyane hara lilaboratori tse fapaneng. Li-lab tse ling li sebelisa litekanyo tse fapaneng kapa li leka liteko tse fapaneng. Bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo mabapi le moelelo oa sephetho sa hau sa liteko.

Palo e phahameng ho feta e tloaelehileng ea li-RBC e ka bakoa ke:

• Ho tsuba koae
• Bothata ba sebopeho sa pelo le ts'ebetso e teng nakong ea tsoalo (congenital heart heart)
• Ho hloleha ha lehlakore le letona la pelo (cor pulmonale)
• Ho felloa ke metsi (mohlala, ke letšollo le matla)
• Lefu la liphio (renal cell carcinoma)
• Tekanyo e tlase ea mali ea oksijene (hypoxia)
• Ho fokotsa kapa ho teteka ha matšoafo (pulmonary fibrosis)
• Boloetse ba moko oa masapo bo bakang keketseho e sa tloaelehang ea li-RBC (polycythemia vera)

Palo ea hau ea RBC e tla nyoloha libeke tse 'maloa ha u le sebakeng se phahameng.

Lithethefatsi tse ka eketsang palo ea RBC li kenyelletsa:

• Li-steroids tsa Anabolic
• Erythropoietin
• Gentamicin

Linomoro tse tlase ho feta tse tloaelehileng tsa li-RBC li ka bakoa ke:

• Khaello ea mali
• Ho tsoa mali
• Ho hloleha ha moko oa masapo (ka mohlala, ho tsoa mahlaseli a kotsi, chefo kapa hlahala)
• Ho haella ha hormone e bitsoang erythropoietin (e bakoang ke lefu la liphio)
• RBC timetso (hemolysis) ka lebaka la tšelo ea mali, kotsi ea methapo ea mali, kapa sesosa se seng
• Lefuemia
• Khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng
• Kankere ea moko oa masapo e bitsoang multiple myeloma
• Tšepe e nyane haholo, koporo, folic acid, vithamine B6, kapa vithamine B12 lijong
• Metsi a mangata haholo 'meleng
• Boimana

Lithethefatsi tse ka fokotsang palo ea RBC li kenyelletsa:

• Lithethefatsi tsa Chemotherapy
• Chloramphenicol le lithibela-mafu tse ling tse itseng
• Li-Hydantoins
• Methyldopa
• Lithethefatsi tse seng khahlanong le ho ruruha (li-NSAID)
• Quinidine

Ha ho na kotsi e kholo ea ho nkuoa mali a hau. Methapo le methapo li fapana ka boholo ho tloha ho motho e mong ho ea ho o mong le ho tloha lehlakoreng le leng la 'mele ho ea ho le leng. Ho nka mali ho batho ba bang ho ka ba thata ho feta ho ba bang.

Likotsi tse ling tse amanang le ho huloa mali li nyane, empa li ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho tsoa mali a mangata
• Ho akheha kapa ho ikutloa o le hlooho e boima
• Li-punctures tse ngata ho fumana methapo
• Hematoma (mali a hahiloeng ka tlas'a letlalo)
• Tšoaetso (kotsi e nyane neng kapa neng ha letlalo le robehile)

Palo ea Erythrocyte; Palo ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali; Phokolo ea mali - palo ea RBC

• Teko ea mali
• Likarolo tse entsoeng tsa mali
• Liteko tsa khatello e phahameng ea mali

CC ea Chernecky, Berger BJ. Sele e khubelu ea mali (RBC) - mali. Ka: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, bahlophisi. Liteko tsa Laboraro le Mekhoa ea Tlhatlhobo. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2013: 961-962.

Gallagher PG. Hemolytic anemias: lisele tse khubelu tsa lisele tsa mali le likoli tsa metabolism. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 152.

Little M. Anemia. Ka: Cameron P, Little M, Mitra B, Deasy C, bahlophisi. Buka ea lingaka ea Bongaka ba Bongaka ba Ts'ohanyetso. La 5th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 13.

E bolela RT. Atamela li-anemias. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 149.