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Teko ena e lekanya palo ea potasiamo karolong ea mokelikeli (serum) ea mali. Potassium (K +) e thusa methapo le mesifa ho buisana. E boetse e thusa ho tsamaisa limatlafatsi liseleng le lihlahisoa tse litšila ka ntle ho lisele.

Maemo a potasiamo 'meleng a laoloa haholo ke aldosterone ea hormone.

Ho hlokahala sampole ea mali. Boholo ba nako mali a huloa mothapong o kahare ho setsoe kapa morao letsohong.

Meriana e mengata e ka kena-kenana le sephetho sa liteko tsa mali.

  • Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla u joetsa haeba ho hlokahala hore u khaotse ho noa meriana efe kapa efe pele u etsa tlhahlobo ena.
  • O SE KE WA emisa kapa oa fetola meriana ea hau ntle le ho bua le mofani oa hau pele.

U ka utloa bohloko bo bonyenyane kapa motsu ha nale e kentsoe. U kanna oa utloa ho phatloha hampe setšeng kamora hore mali a huloe.

Teko ena ke karolo e tloaelehileng ea phanele ea metabolic ea mantlha kapa e felletseng.

U kanna oa ba le teko ena ho fumana kapa ho lekola lefu la liphio. Lebaka le tloaelehileng haholo la potasiamo e phahameng ea mali ke lefu la liphio.


Potasiamo e bohlokoa tšebetsong ea pelo.

  • Mofani oa hau a ka laela tlhahlobo ena haeba o na le matšoao a khatello e phahameng ea mali kapa mathata a pelo.
  • Liphetoho tse nyane maemong a potasiamo li ka ba le phello e kholo ts'ebetsong ea methapo le mesifa, haholoholo pelo.
  • Maemo a tlase a potasiamo a ka lebisa ho otla ha pelo ka tsela e sa tloaelehang kapa ho se sebetse hantle ha motlakase pelong.
  • Maemo a phahameng a baka tšebetso e fokotsehileng ea mesifa ea pelo.
  • Boemo bofe kapa bofe bo ka lebisa mathateng a pelo a sokelang bophelo.

E kanna ea etsoa haeba mofani oa hau a belaella metabolic acidosis (mohlala, e bakoang ke lefu la tsoekere le sa laoleheng) kapa alkalosis (mohlala, e bakoang ke ho hlatsa ho feteletseng).

Ka linako tse ling, tlhahlobo ea potasiamo e ka etsoa ho batho ba nang le tlhaselo ea ho shoa litho.

Mefuta e tloaelehileng ke li-milliequivalents tse 3.7 ho isa ho 5.2 ka litha e le nngwe (mEq / L) 3.70 ho isa ho 5.20 millimoles ka litara (millimol / L)

Mekhahlelo e tloaelehileng ea boleng e ka fapana hanyane hara lilaboratori tse fapaneng. Bua le mofani oa hau ka moelelo oa sephetho sa hau sa liteko.


Mehlala e kaholimo e bonts'a litekanyo tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa liphetho bakeng sa liteko tsena. Li laboratori tse ling li sebelisa litekanyo tse fapaneng kapa li ka leka mefuta e fapaneng.

Mefuta e phahameng ea potasiamo (hyperkalemia) e ka bakoa ke:

  • Lefu la Addison (seoelo)
  • Tšelo ea mali
  • Meriana e meng ho kenyelletsa angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), le potassium-sparing diuretics spironolactone, amiloride le triamterene
  • Kotsi e bohloko ea lisele
  • Ho holofala ha nakoana nako le nako
  • Hypoaldosteronism (e sa tloaelehang haholo)
  • Ho se lekane ha liphio kapa ho hloleha
  • Metabolic kapa ho hema acidosis
  • Timetso ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali
  • Potassium e ngata lijong tsa hau

Maemo a tlase a potasiamo (hypokalemia) a ka bakoa ke:

  • Letšollo le bohloko kapa le sa foleng
  • Cushing syndrome (e sa tloaelehang)
  • Li-diuretics tse kang hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide le indapamide
  • Hyperaldosteronism
  • Ho holofala nako le nako ha Hypokalemic
  • Ha ho na potasiamo e lekaneng lijong
  • Moriana oa renal stenosis
  • Renal tubular acidosis (e sa tloaelehang)
  • Ho hlatsa

Haeba ho le thata ho kenya nale ka mothapong ho nka sampole ea mali, kotsi ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali e ka etsa hore potasiamo e lokolloe. Sena se ka baka sephetho se phahameng ka bohata.


Teko ea Hypokalemia; K +

  • Teko ea mali

Thaba ea DB. Mathata a potasiamo. Ka: Skorecki K, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Yu ASL, li-eds. Brenner le Rector ea Liphio. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 18.

Patney V, Whaley-Connell A. Hypokalemia le hyperkalemia. Ka: Lerma EV, Sparks MA, Topf JM, eds. Liphiri tsa Nephrology. La 4 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 74.

Seifter JR. Mathata a potasiamo. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 117.

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