Sengoli: Gregory Harris
Letsatsi La Creation: 8 April 2021
Ntlafatsa Letsatsi: 10 November 2024
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Tlhahlobo ea audiometry e leka bokhoni ba hau ba ho utloa melumo. Medumo e a fapana, ho ipapisitse le lerata la tsona (matla) le lebelo la ho thothomela ha leqhubu la modumo (modumo).

Ho utloa ho etsahala ha maqhubu a molumo a hlasimolla methapo ea tsebe e ka hare. Joale molumo o tsamaea litseleng tsa methapo ho ea bokong.

Maqhubu a molumo a ka ea tsebeng e kahare ka kotopo ea tsebe, tsebe ea tsebe le masapo a tsebe e bohareng (conduction ea moea). Li ka feta le masapong ho potoloha le kamora tsebe (ho tsamaisa masapo).

BOPHELO ba molumo bo lekantsoe ka li-decibel (dB):

  • Ho hoeshetsa ho ka ba 20 dB.
  • 'Mino o lerata (likonsarete tse ling) o haufi le 80 ho isa ho 120 dB.
  • Enjene ea jete e ka ba 140 ho isa ho 180 dB.

Melumo e fetang 85 dB e ka baka tahlehelo ea kutlo kamora lihora tse 'maloa. Melumo e lerata e ka baka bohloko kapele, 'me ho se utloe ho ka hlaha ka nako e khuts'oane haholo.

TONE ea molumo e lekantsoe ka mekoloko ka motsotsoana (cps) kapa Hertz:

  • Lithane tse tlase tsa bass li ka ba 50 ho isa ho 60 Hz.
  • Shrill, melumo e phahameng e ka ba 10,000 Hz kapa ho feta.

Mefuta e tloaelehileng ea kutlo ea motho e ka ba 20 ho isa ho 20,000 Hz. Liphoofolo tse ling li ka utloa ho fihlela ho 50,000 Hz. Puo ea motho hangata e ba 500 ho ea ho 3,000 Hz.


Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka leka litsebe tsa hau ka liteko tse bonolo tse ka etsoang ofising. Tsena li ka kenyelletsa ho tlatsa leqephe la lipotso le ho mamela mantsoe a hoeshetsoa, ​​lifereko tsa ho lokisa, kapa lithane ho tloha tekong ea ho hlahloba tsebe.

Tlhahlobo e khethehileng ea fereko ea tokiso e ka thusa ho tseba mofuta oa tahlehelo ea kutlo. Fereko ea tokiso e ts'oaroa ebe e ts'oaroa moeeng ka lehlakoreng le leng la hlooho ho leka bokhoni ba ho utloa ka ho tsamaisa moea. E a tlapuoa ebe e beoa khahlano le lesapo kamora tsebe ka 'ngoe (mastoid bone) ho leka ho tsamaisoa ha masapo.

Teko ea semmuso ea kutlo e ka fana ka tekanyo e nepahetseng haholoanyane ea kutlo. Ho ka etsoa liteko tse 'maloa:

  • Teko ea molumo o hloekileng (audiogram) - Bakeng sa teko ena, u roala li-earphone tse hokahantsoeng le audiometer. Melumo e hloekileng ea maqhubu le molumo o itseng e fetisetsoa tsebeng e le 'ngoe ka nako. O kotjwa ho fana ka letswang ha o utlwa modumo. Bonyane ba molumo o hlokoang ho utloa molumo o mong le o mong ke graphed. Sesebelisoa se bitsoang bone oscillator se beoa khahlano le lesapo la mastoid ho leka ho tsamaisoa ha masapo.
  • Audiometry ea puo - Sena se leka bokhoni ba hau ba ho lemoha le ho pheta mantsoe a buuoang meqolong e fapaneng e utloiloeng ka sete ea hlooho.
  • Immittance audiometry - Teko ena e lekanya tšebetso ea moropa oa tsebe le phallo ea molumo ka tsebeng e bohareng. Probe e kentsoe tsebeng 'me moea o pompeloa ka eona ho fetola khatello kahare tsebeng ha melumo e ntse e hlahisoa. Maekerofounu e lekola hore na molumo o tsamaisoa hantle hakae ka tsebeng tlasa khatello e fapaneng.

Ha ho mehato e khethehileng e hlokahalang.


Ha ho na bothata. Bolelele ba nako bo fapana. Tlhahlobo ea pele e ka nka metsotso e 5 ho isa ho e 10. Tlatsetso ea audiometry e ka nka hora e le 'ngoe.

Teko ena e ka bona tahlehelo ea kutlo qalong. E kanna ea sebelisoa hape ha o na le mathata a ho utloa ka lebaka lefe kapa lefe.

Liphetho tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa:

  • Bokhoni ba ho utloa ho hoeshetsa, puo e tloaelehileng le oache e tšoaeang ke ntho e tloaelehileng.
  • Bokhoni ba ho utloa fereko ea tokiso ka moea le masapo ke ntho e tloaelehileng.
  • Ka li-audiometry tse qaqileng, kutlo e tloaelehile haeba u ka utloa molumo ho tloha ho 250 ho ea ho 8,000 Hz ho 25 dB kapa ka tlase.

Hona le mefuta le likhato tse ngata tsa tahlehelo ea kutlo. Mefuteng e meng, o lahleheloa ke bokhoni ba ho utloa molumo o phahameng kapa o tlase, kapa o lahleheloa ke moea kapa lesapo feela. Ho se khone ho utloa melumo e hloekileng tlasa 25 dB ho bonts'a tahlehelo ea kutlo.

Palo le mofuta oa tahlehelo ea kutlo li ka fana ka leseli ho sesosa, le menyetla ea ho khutlisa kutlo ea hau.

Maemo a latelang a ka ama liphetho tsa liteko:

  • Acoustic neuroma
  • Tlokotsi ea acoustic e tsoang molumo o phahameng haholo kapa o matla oa ho phatloha
  • Ho lahleheloa ke kutlo ea lilemo
  • Lefu la Alport
  • Matšoao a sa foleng a tsebe
  • Labyrinthitis
  • Lefu la Ménière
  • Ho pepesetsoa lerata le phahameng khafetsa, joalo ka mosebetsing kapa mminong
  • Khōlo e sa tloaelehang ea masapo karolong e bohareng, e bitsoang otosclerosis
  • Eardrum e phatlohileng kapa e pentiloeng

Ha ho na kotsi.


Liteko tse ling li ka sebelisoa ho fumana hore na tsebe ea kahare le litsela tsa boko li sebetsa hantle hakae. E 'ngoe ea tsona ke tlhahlobo ea otoacoustic emission (OAE) e fumanang melumo e fanoang ke tsebe ea kahare ha e araba molumo. Hangata tlhahlobo ena e etsoa e le karolo ea tlhahlobo ea lesea le sa tsoa tsoaloa. MRI ea hlooho e kanna ea etsoa ho thusa ho fumana ts'oaetso ea kutlo ka lebaka la acoustic neuroma.

Audiometry; Teko ea ho utloa; Bamameli (audiogram)

  • Anatomy ea tsebe

Amundsen GA. Sebopeho sa audio. Ka: Fowler GC, e hlophisitsoeng. Mekhoa ea Pfenninger le Fowler ea Tlhokomelo ea Mathomo. La 4 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 59.

Kileny PR, Zwolan TA, Mohlanka HK. Diagnostic audiology le tlhahlobo ea electrophysiologic ea kutlo. Ka: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Ho Buuoa Hlooho le Nko. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: khaolo ea 134.

Lew HL, Tanaka C, Hirohata E, Goodrich GL. Mathata a kutlo, a vestibular le pono. Ka: Cifu DX, ed. Phekolo ea 'mele ea Braddom le Tlhabollo. La 5th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 50.

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