Endoscopy

Endoscopy ke mokhoa oa ho sheba kahare ho 'mele o sebelisa tube e tenyetsehang e nang le kh'amera e nyane ebe e bonesa qetellong ea eona. Sesebelisoa sena se bitsoa endoscope.

Lisebelisoa tse nyane li ka kenngoa ka endoscope ebe li sebelisoa ho:

• Sheba haufi-ufi sebakeng se ka hare ho 'mele
• Nka mehlala ea lisele tse sa tloaelehang
• Phekola mafu a itseng
• Tlosa lihlahala
• Khaotsa ho tsoa mali
• Tlosa 'mele e tsoang kantle ho naha (joalo ka lijo tse khomaretsoeng ka' metso, mothapo o kopanyang 'metso oa hao le mpa).

Endoscope e fetisoa ka pulo ea 'mele ea tlhaho kapa khaola e nyane. Hona le mefuta e mengata ea li-endoscopes. E 'ngoe le e' ngoe e rehiloe lebitso ho ea ka litho kapa libaka tseo e sebelisetsoang ho li hlahloba.

Litokisetso tsa ts'ebetso li fapana ho latela tlhahlobo. Ka mohlala, ha ho na litokisetso tse hlokahalang bakeng sa anoscopy. Empa ho hlokahala lijo tse khethehileng le litlatsetso ho itokisetsa colonoscopy. Latela litaelo tsa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Liteko tsena kaofela li ka baka mathata kapa bohloko. Tse ling li etsoa kamora ho fuoa litlhare le litlhare tsa bohloko. Botsa mofani oa hau ka seo u ka se lebellang.

Teko ka 'ngoe ea endoscopy e etsoa ka mabaka a fapaneng. Endoscopy hangata e sebelisoa ho hlahloba le ho alafa likarolo tsa tšilo ea lijo, joalo ka:

• Anoscopy e sheba kahare ho anus, karolo e tlase haholo ea kolone.
• Colonoscopy e sheba bokantle ba kholone (mala a maholo) le rectum.
• Enteroscopy e sheba mala a manyane (mala a manyane).
• ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) e sheba pampitšana ea biliary, methapo e menyenyane e ntšang gallbladder, sebete le manyeme.
• Sigmoidoscopy e sheba bokantle ba karolo e ka tlase ea kolone e bitsoang sigmoid colon le rectum.
• Endoscopy e kaholimo (esophagogastroduodenoscopy, kapa EGD) e bona lera la 'metso, mpa le karolo ea pele ea mala a manyane (a bitsoang duodenum).
• Bronchoscopy e sebelisetsoa ho sheba moeeng oa moea (windpipe, kapa trachea) le matšoafong.
• Cystoscopy e sebelisoa ho bona bokantle ba senya. Boemo bo fetisoa ka ho buloa ha urethra.
• Laparoscopy e sebelisetsoa ho sheba ka kotloloho mae a bomme, sehlomathiso kapa litho tse ling tsa mpa. Boemo bo kenngoa ka ho fokotsa likarolo tse nyenyane tsa ho buoa sebakeng sa pelvic kapa mpeng. Ho ka tlosoa lihlahala kapa litho tsa mpa ka mpeng.

Arthroscopy e sebelisetsoa ho sheba ka kotloloho manonyeletso, joalo ka lengole. Boemo bo kenngoa ka ho fokotsa likarolo tse nyane tsa ho buoa ho potoloha lenonyeletso. Mathata a nang le masapo, tendon, ligaments a ka phekoloa.

Teko ka 'ngoe ea endoscopy e na le likotsi tsa eona. Mofani oa hau o tla u hlalosetsa tsena pele ho ts'ebetso.

• Colonoscopy

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Phillips BB. Melao-motheo e akaretsang ea arthroscopy. Ka: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Kanale ST, eds. Masapo a sebetsang a Campbell. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 49.

Vargo JJ. Litokisetso bakeng sa mathata a GI endoscopy. Ka: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, bahlophisi. Sleisenger le Fordtran's Mafu a ka Mpeng le a Sebete: Pathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 41.

Yung RC, Flint PW. Li-endoscopy tsa tracheobronchial. Ka: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Phekolo ea Hlooho le Nko. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: khaolo ea 72.