Encephalitis

Encephalitis ke ho teneha le ho ruruha (ho ruruha) ha boko, hangata ka lebaka la tšoaetso.

Encephalitis ke boemo bo sa tloaelehang. E etsahala khafetsa selemong sa pele sa bophelo mme ea fokotseha ka lilemo. Batho ba baholo le ba banyenyane haholo ba na le monyetla o moholo oa ho ba le nyeoe e mpe.

Encephalitis hangata e bakoa ke vaerase. Mefuta e mengata ea livaerase e ka e baka.Tlhaloso e ka etsahala ka:

• Ho hema marotholi a nko, molomo kapa qoqotho ho motho ea nang le tšoaetso
• Lijo kapa seno se silafetseng
• Monoang, tick, le ho longoa ke likokoanyana tse ling
• Ho kopana le letlalo

Likokoana-hloko tse fapaneng li etsahala libakeng tse fapaneng. Maemo a mangata a etsahala ka sehla se itseng.

Encephalitis e bakoang ke kokoana-hloko ea herpes simplex ke sesosa se ka sehloohong sa linyeoe tse matla ho feta lilemo tsohle, ho kenyeletsoa le masea a sa tsoa tsoaloa.

Ho entoa khafetsa ho fokolitse encephalitis ka lebaka la livaerase tse ling, ho kenyelletsa:

• Maselese
• Likotla
• Pholio
• Bo-rabies
• Rubella
• Varicella (khōhō)

Likokoana-hloko tse ling tse bakang encephalitis li kenyelletsa:

• Adenovirus
• Coxsackievirus
• Cytomegalovirus
• Lefu la Eastern equine encephalitis
• Echovirus
• Japane encephalitis, e hlahang Asia
• Lefu la West Nile

Ka mor'a hore vaerase e kene 'meleng, lisele tsa boko lia ruruha. Ho ruruha hona ho ka senya lisele tsa methapo, 'me ha baka tšollo ea mali bokong le bokong.

Lisosa tse ling tsa encephalitis li ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho hanana le liente
• Ho itšireletsa mafung
• Libaktheria tse kang lefu la Lyme, syphilis le lefuba
• Likokoana-hloko tse kang li-roundworms, cysticercosis, le toxoplasmosis ho batho ba nang le HIV / AIDS le batho ba bang ba nang le sesole sa 'mele se fokolang
• Liphello tsa kankere

Batho ba bang ba kanna ba ba le matšoao a tšoaetso ea serame kapa ea mala pele matšoao a encephalitis a qala.

Ha ts'oaetso ena e se matla haholo, matšoao a ka ts'oana le a mafu a mang:

• Feberu e sa phahameng haholo
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho e bonolo
• Matla a tlase le takatso e fosahetseng ea lijo

Matšoao a mang a kenyelletsa:

• Ho se tsotelle, ho se tsitse
• Pherekano, pherekano
• Ho otsela
• Ho koata kapa ho laola bohale
• Kutloisiso ea leseli
• Molala o thata le mokokotlo (ka linako tse ling)
• Ho hlatsa

Matšoao ho masea a sa tsoa tsoaloa le masea a manyane a kanna a se be bonolo ho a tseba:

• Ho thatafala hoa mmele
• Ho teneha le ho lla khafetsa (matšoao ana a ka mpefala ha lesea le nkuoa)
• Ho fepa hampe
• Sebaka se bonolo ka holim'a hlooho se ka phatloha ho feta
• Ho hlatsa

Matšoao a tšohanyetso:

• Ho lahleheloa ke kelello, ho se arabele hantle, ho robala, ho akheha
• Bofokoli ba mesifa kapa ho holofala
• Ho oa
• Ho tšoaroa ke hlooho e bohloko
• Phetoho ea tšohanyetso mesebetsing ea kelello, joalo ka maikutlo a sephara, ho holofala, ho lahleheloa ke mohopolo, kapa ho hloka thahasello mesebetsing ea letsatsi le letsatsi

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele mme a botse ka matšoao.

Liteko tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

• MRI ea boko
• Tlhatlhobo ea hlooho ea CT
• Sesebelisoa sa single-photon computed tomography (SPECT)
• Tloaelo ea cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), mali, kapa moroto (leha ho le joalo, tlhahlobo ena ha e na thuso hangata)
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Lumbar puncture le CSF tlhatlhobo
• Liteko tse fumanang li-antibodies tsa vaerase (liteko tsa serology)
• Teko e fumanang bongata ba kokoana-hloko ea DNA (polymerase chain reaction - PCR)

Morero oa kalafo ke ho fana ka tlhokomelo ea tšehetso (phomolo, phepo e nepahetseng, maro) ho thusa 'mele ho loants'a ts'oaetso, le ho imolla matšoao.

Meriana e ka kenyelletsa:

• Meriana ea likokoana-hloko, haeba vaerase e bakile tšoaetso
• Lithibela-mafu, haeba libaktheria ke sesosa
• Meriana ea likokoana-hloko ho thibela ho oela
• Li-steroid ho fokotsa ho ruruha ha boko
• Lits'oants'o tsa ho teneha kapa ho hloka botsitso
• Acetaminophen ea feberu le hlooho

Haeba ts'ebetso ea boko e amehile haholo, kalafo ea 'mele le kalafo ea puo e ka hlokahala kamora hore tšoaetso e laoloe.

Phello e fapana. Maemong a mang a bobebe ebile a makhuts'oane, mme motho o fola ka botlalo. Linyeoe tse ling li matla, 'me mathata a sa feleng kapa lefu le a khonahala.

Karolo e hlobaetsang hangata e nka libeke tse 1 ho isa ho tse 2. Feberu le matšoao a tsona lia nyamela butle kapa ka tšohanyetso. Batho ba bang ba ka nka likhoeli tse 'maloa ho fola ka botlalo.

Tšenyo e sa feleng ea boko e ka hlaha maemong a matla a encephalitis. E ka ama:

• Ho utloa
• Khopotso
• Ho laola mesifa
• Maikutlo
• Puo
• Pono

E-ea kamoreng ea maemo a tšohanyetso kapa letsetsa nomoro ea ts'ohanyetso ea lehae (joalo ka 911) haeba u na le:

• Feberu ea tšohanyetso
• Matšoao a mang a encephalitis

Bana le batho ba baholo ba lokela ho qoba ho kopana le mang kapa mang ea nang le encephalitis.

Ho laola menoang (ho longoa ke menoang ho ka fetisa likokoana-hloko tse ling) ho ka fokotsa menyetla ea mafu a mang a ka lebisang ho encephalitis.

• Sebelisa sethibela likokoanyana se nang le khemik'hale, DEET ha u tsoela kantle (empa SE KE UA sebelisa lihlahisoa tsa DEET ho masea a ka tlase ho likhoeli tse 2).
• Tlosa mehloli efe kapa efe ea metsi a emeng (joalo ka mabili a khale, makotikoti, likotopo le matamo a ho sesa).
• Apara lihempe le marikhoe a matsoho a malelele ha u le kantle, haholo ha shoalane e tšoara.

Bana le batho ba baholo ba lokela ho fumana liente tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa livaerase tse ka bakang encephalitis. Batho ba lokela ho fumana liente tse khethehileng haeba ba etela libaka tse kang likarolo tsa Asia, moo encephalitis ea Japane e fumanoang.

Enta liphoofolo ho thibela encephalitis e bakoang ke kokoana-hloko ea li-rabies.

• Ventriculoperitoneal shunt - ho tsoa

Bloch KC, Glaser CA, Tunkel AR. Encephalitis le myelitis. Ka: Cohen J, Powderly WG, Opal SM, li-eds. Maloetse a tšoaetsanoang. La 4 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 20.

Bronstein DE, Glaser CA. Encephalitis le meningoencephalitis. Ka: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, bahlophisi. Buka ea Feigin le Cherry ea Pediatric Infectious Diseases. La 8th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 36.

Lissauer T, Carroll W. Ho tšoaetsoa le ho itšireletsa mafung. Ka: Lissauer T, Carroll W, bahlophisi. Illustrated Textbook of Paediatrics. La 5th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 15.