Cryptococcosis

Cryptococcosis ke tšoaetso ea li-fungus Li-neoformans tsa Cryptococcus le Cryptococcus gattii.

C neoformans le C gattii ke li-fungus tse bakang lefu lena. Ho tšoaetsoa ke C neoformans e bonoa lefatšeng ka bophara. Ho tšoaetsoa ke C gattii e bonoe haholo-holo tikolohong ea Pacific Leboea-bophirima ho United States, British Columbia naheng ea Canada, Asia Boroa-bochabela le Australia. Cryptococcus ke fungus e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa e bakang tšoaetso e tebileng lefatšeng ka bophara.

Mefuta ka bobeli ea li-fungus e fumaneha mobung. Haeba u phefumoloha fungus, e tšoaetsa matšoafo a hau. Ts'oaetso e ka itsamaela ka boeona, ea lula matšoafong feela, kapa ea hasana 'meleng oohle. C neoformans tšoaetso hangata e bonoa ho batho ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo fokolang joalo ka ba:

• Ba tšoaelitsoe ke HIV / AIDS
• Nka litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa meriana ea corticosteroid
• Kankere
• Li litlhare tsa chemotherapy bakeng sa mofetše
• E-ba le lefu la Hodgkin
• Ke bile le phetoho ea setho

C gattii e ka ama batho ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo tloaelehileng.

C neoformans ke sesosa se sokelang bophelo ka ho fetesisa sa tšoaetso ea fungal ho batho ba nang le HIV / AIDS.

Batho ba pakeng tsa lilemo tse 20 ho isa ho tse 40 ba na le ts'oaetso ena.

Tšoaetso e ka fetela bokong ho batho ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo fokolang. Matšoao a kelello (boko) a qala butle. Batho ba bangata ba na le ho ruruha le ho teneha ke boko le lesapo la mokokotlo ha ba fumanoa. Matšoao a tšoaetso ea boko a ka kenyelletsa:

• Feberu le hlooho
• Ho satalla ha molala
• Ho nyekeloa le ho hlatsa
• Pono e lerootho kapa pono e habeli
• Pherekano

Tšoaetso e ka ama le matšoafo le litho tse ling. Matšoao a matšoafo a kenyeletsa:

• Ho thata ho phefumoloha
• Khohlela
• Bohloko ba sefuba

Matšoao a mang a kenyeletsa:

• Ho opeloa ke masapo kapa bonolo ba lesapo la matsoele
• Mokhathala
• Ho phatloha ha letlalo, ho kenyeletsoa matheba a khubelu (petechiae), liso, kapa liso tse ling tsa letlalo
• Ho fufuleloa - ho sa tloaelehang, bosiu haholo
• Litšoelesa tse ruruhileng
• Ho theola boima ba 'mele ka boomo

Batho ba nang le sesole sa 'mele se phetseng hantle ba kanna ba se be le matšoao ho hang.

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele mme a botse ka matšoao le nalane ea maeto. Tlhahlobo ea 'mele e ka senola:

• Ho phefumoloha ho sa tloaelehang hoa utloahala
• Ho otla ha pelo kapele
• Feberu
• Boemo ba kelello boa fetoha
• Molala o thata

Liteko tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

• Tloaelo ea mali ho khetholla pakeng tsa li-fungus tse peli
• Tlhatlhobo ea hlooho ea CT
• Setso le sekhohlela
• Biopsy ea matšoafo
• Bronchoscopy le bronchoalveolar ho hlatsoa
• Pompo ea mokokotlo ho fumana sampole ea mokelikeli oa cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
• Tloaelo ea Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) le liteko tse ling ho hlahloba matšoao a tšoaetso
• X-ray sefubeng
• Teko ea antigen ea Cryptococcal (e batla molek'hule e itseng e tšolotsoeng leboteng la sele ea Cryptococcus fungus e kenang maling kapa CSF)

Meriana ea fungal e laeloa bakeng sa batho ba nang le tšoaetso ea cryptococcus.

Meriana e kenyelletsa:

• Amphotericin B (e ka ba le litla-morao tse matla)
• Flucytosine
• Fluconazole

Ho kenella ha methapo ea methapo hangata ho baka lefu kapa ho lebisa tšenyo e sa feleng.

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u ba le matšoao a cryptococcosis, haholoholo haeba o na le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo fokolang.

C. li-neoformans var. tšoaetso ea neoformans; C. li-neoformans var. tšoaetso ea gatti; C. li-neoformans var. tšoaetso ea grubii

• Cryptococcus - cutaneous letsohong
• Cryptococcosis phatleng
• Li-fungus

Kauffman CA, Chen SC-A. Cryptococcosis. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 317.

JR e phethahetseng. Cryptococcosis (Cryptococcus neoformans le Cryptococcus gattii). Ka: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, bahlophisi. Mandell, Douglas, le Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 262.

Robles WS, Ameen M. Cryptococcosis. Ka: Lebwohl MG, Heymann WR, Berth-Jones J, Coulson IH, bahlophisi. Kalafo ea Mafu a Letlalo: Mekhoa e Feletseng ea Phekolo. La 5th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 49.