Kankere ea qoqotho

Kankere ea qoqotho ke mofetše o qalang ho tšoelesa ea qoqotho. Tšoelesa ea qoqotho e kahare ho molala oa hau o ka tlase.

Kankere ea qoqotho e ka hlaha ho batho ba lilemo tsohle.

Mahlaseli a kotsi a eketsa kotsi ea ho tšoaroa ke mofetše oa qoqotho. Pontšo e ka hlaha ho:

• Phekolo ea radiation ho molala (haholo bongoaneng)
• Ho pepesetsoa mahlaseli a kotsi ke likoluoa ​​tsa limela tsa nyutlelie

Mabaka a mang a kotsi ke nalane ea lelapa ea mofetše oa qoqotho le goiter e sa foleng (qoqotho e atolositsoeng).

Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea mofetše oa qoqotho:

• Anaplastic carcinoma (eo hape e bitsoang mofetše oa lisele tse kholo le tse spindle) ke mofuta o kotsi ka ho fetisisa oa mofetše oa qoqotho. Ke seoelo, 'me e ata ka potlako.
• Hlahala ea follicle e na le monyetla oa ho khutla mme ea hasana.
• Medullary carcinoma ke mofetše oa lisele tse sa hlahiseng lihormone tse hlahisang lihormone tse atisang ho ba teng tšoelesa ea qoqotho. Mofuta ona oa mofetše oa qoqotho o atisa ho hlaha malapeng.
• Papillary carcinoma ke mofuta o atileng haholo, 'me hangata o ama basali ba lilemong tsa ho ba le bana. E namela butle mme ke mofuta o kotsi ka ho fetisisa oa mofetše oa qoqotho.

Matšoao a fapana ho latela mofuta oa mofets'e oa qoqotho, empa a ka kenyelletsa:

• Khohlela
• Ho thata ho koenya
• Ho atolosoa ha qoqotho ea qoqotho
• Ho honotha kapa ho fetola lentsoe
• Ho ruruha ha molala
• Letlalo la qoqotho (nodule)

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele. Sena se ka senola lekhapetla la qoqotho, kapa li-lymph node tse ruruhileng molaleng.

Liteko tse latelang li ka etsoa:

• Calcitonin tlhahlobo ea mali ho lekola mofetše oa qoqotho oa medullary
• Laryngoscopy (ho sheba kahare ho 'metso u sebelisa seipone kapa tube e tenyetsehang e bitsoang laryngoscope e behiloeng ka hanong) ho lekola tšebetso ea thapo ea lentsoe
• Thyroid biopsy, e ka kenyelletsang liteko tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa lisele tse fumanoeng ho biopsy
• Sesepa sa qoqotho
• TSH, mahala T4 (liteko tsa mali bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea qoqotho)
• Ultrasound ea qoqotho le li-lymph node tsa molala
• Tlhatlhobo ea CT ea molala (ho tseba hore na boholo ba mofetše bo bokae)
• Scan ea PET

Kalafo e ipapisitse le mofuta oa mofetše oa qoqotho. Kalafo ea mefuta e mengata ea mofetše oa qoqotho e ea sebetsa haeba e ka fumanoa kapele.

Hangata ho etsoa opereishene. Ho ka tlosoa karolo eohle kapa karolo ea qoqotho ea qoqotho. Haeba mofani oa hau a belaela hore mofets'e o nametse ho li-lymph node molaleng, le tsona li tla tlosoa. Haeba karolo e 'ngoe ea qoqotho ea hau e sala, o tla hloka tlhahlobo ea ultrasound le liphuputso tse ling ho fumana kankere ea qoqotho e melang hape.

Phekolo ea radiation e ka etsoa ka ntle le ho etsoa opereishene. E ka etsoa ke:

• Ho nka iodine e ntšang mahlaseli a kotsi ka molomo
• Sepheo sa mahlaseli a kantle (x-ray) a qoqotho

Kamora kalafo ea mofetše oa qoqotho, o tlameha ho noa lipilisi tsa qoqotho tsa qoqotho bophelo bohle ba hao. Hangata litekanyetso li phahama hanyane ho feta seo 'mele oa hau o se hlokang. Sena se thusa hore mofetše o se ke oa khutla.Lipilisi li boetse li nkela lihomone tsa qoqotho 'mele oa hau o hloka ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng.

Haeba mofetše o sa arabele opereisheneng kapa mahlaseling, 'me o nametse likarolong tse ling tsa' mele, chemotherapy kapa kalafo e lebisitsoeng e ka sebelisoa. Tsena li sebetsa feela ho batho ba fokolang.

U ka fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo ea bokuli ka ho kenela sehlopha sa ts'ehetso ea mofets'e. Ho arolelana le ba bang ba nang le liphihlelo tse tšoanang le mathata ho ka u thusa hore u se ke ua ikutloa u le mong.

Mathata a kankere ea qoqotho a ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho lematsa lebokoseng la lentsoe le ho ba masapo kamora ho buuoa ke qoqotho
• Tekanyo e tlase ea calcium ho tloha ka phoso ho tlosoa ha litšoelesa tsa parathyroid nakong ea ts'ebetso
• Ho hasana ha mofets'e matšoafong, masapong kapa likarolong tse ling tsa 'mele

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u bona lekhapetla molaleng oa hau.

Ha ho na thibelo e tsebahalang. Ho lemoha kotsi (joalo ka kalafo ea mahlaseli a fetileng molaleng) ho ka lumella tlhahlobo le kalafo ea pejana.

Ka linako tse ling, batho ba nang le nalane ea malapa le liphetoho tsa lefutso tse amanang le mofetše oa qoqotho ba tla tlosoa tšoelesa ea qoqotho ho thibela mofetše.

Hlahala - thyroid; Kankere - thyroid; Nodule - kankere ea qoqotho; Papillary thyroid carcinoma; Medullary thyroid carcinoma; Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma; Kankere ea qoqotho e latelang

• Ho tlosoa ha qoqotho ea qoqotho - ho tsoa

• Litšoelesa tsa endocrine
• Kankere ea qoqotho - CT scan
• Kankere ea qoqotho - CT scan
• Mokokotlo oa ho buuoa ka qoqotho ea qoqotho
• Tšoelesa ea qoqotho

Haugen BR, Alexander Erik K, Bibele KC, et al. Tataiso ea Tsamaiso ea Mokhatlo oa Thyroid ea Amerika ea 2015 bakeng sa bakuli ba baholo ba nang le maqhutsu a qoqotho le mofets'e oa kankere ea qoqotho: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on qoqotho ea maqhutsu le ho khetholla mofetše oa qoqotho. Thyroid. 2016; 26 (1): 1-133. PMID: 26462967 e fetotsoe.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26462967/.

Jonklaas J, Cooper DS. Thyroid. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 213.

Webosaete ea National Cancer Institute. Kalafo ea mofetše oa qoqotho (motho e moholo) (PDQ) - mofuta oa nakoana oa bophelo bo botle. www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/thyroid/HealthProfessional. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 14 Mphalane 2020. E fihlile ka la 3 Phato 2020.

Smith PW, Hanks LR, Salomone LJ, Hanks JB. Thyroid. Ka: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Buka ea Sabiston ea Ngaka ea ho Buoa. 20th, ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 36.

Thompson LDR. Matšoao a kotsi a qoqotho ea qoqotho. Ka: Thompson LDR, Mobishopo JA, eds. Hlooho le Neck Pathology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 25.