Ho hloka thari

Ho hloka thari ho bolela hore o ke ke oa ima (emara).

Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea ho hloka thari:

• Ho hloka thari ea mantlha ho bolela banyalani ba sa kang ba ima kamora bonyane selemo se le seng ba etsa thobalano ntle le ho sebelisa mekhoa ea thibelo ea bokhachane.
• Ho hloka thari ea bobeli ho bolela banyalani ba atlehileng ho ima bonyane hanngoe, empa joale ha ba khone.

Lintho tse ngata tse amanang le 'mele le maikutlo li ka baka thari. E kanna ea ba ka lebaka la mathata ho mosali, monna, kapa bobeli ba bona.

HO HLOKAHALA MOTSOALLE

Ho hloka thari ha basali ho ka etsahala ha:

• Lehe le emolisitsoeng ha le phele hang ha le itšoarella kahare ea popelo (popelo).
• Lehe le emolisitsoeng ha le ikamahanye le lera la popelo.
• Mahe a sitoa ho tloha mae a bomme ho ea popelong.
• Mae a bomme a na le mathata a ho hlahisa mahe.

Ho hloka thari ha basali ho ka bakoa ke:

• Mathata a ho itšireletsa mafung, a kang antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)
• Liphoso tsa bokhachane tse amang tšebetso ea bokhachane
• Kankere kapa hlahala
• Mathata a ho koala
• Lefu la tsoekere
• Ho noa joala haholo
• Ho ikoetlisa haholo
• Mathata a ho ja kapa phepo e nepahetseng
• Khōlo (joalo ka fibroids kapa polyps) ka popelong le popelong
• Meriana e kang chemotherapy drug
• Ho se leka-lekane ha Hormone
• Ho ba motenya haholo kapa ho ba mosesane
• Botsofali
• Li-ovarian cysts le polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
• Tšoaetso ea sefubeng e bakang ho senyeha kapa ho ruruha ha li-tublopian tubes (hydrosalpinx) kapa lefu la ho ruruha ha pelvic (PID)
• Ho qhekella ho tsoa tšoaetsong ea thobalano, ho buuoa ka mpeng kapa endometriosis
• Ho tsuba
• Ho buoa ho thibela bokhachane (tubal ligation) kapa ho hloleha ha phetoho ea tubal ligation (reanastomosis)
• Boloetse ba qoqotho

HO HLOKAHALA MOTSOALLE

Ho hloka thari ha banna ho ka bakoa ke:

• Palo e fokotsehileng ea peo ea botona
• Thibelo e thibelang peo ea botona ho lokolloa
• Liphoso tsa peo ea botona

Ho hloka thari ha monna ho ka bakoa ke:

• Liphoso tsa pelehi
• Kalafo ea mofets'e, ho kenyeletsoa chemotherapy le radiation
• Ho ipapisa le mocheso o phahameng ka nako e telele
• Ho sebelisa joala haholo, matekoane kapa k'hok'heine
• Ho se leka-lekane ha Hormone
• Ho hloka matla
• Tšoaetso
• Meriana e kang cimetidine, spironolactone le nitrofurantoin
• Botenya
• Botsofali
• Ho khutlisetsa morao hape
• Ho hlaseloa ke mafu a likobo, likotsi kapa ho buuoa
• Ho tsuba
• Chefo tikolohong
• Vasectomy kapa ho hloleha ha phetoho ea vasectomy
• Nalane ea tšoaetso ea testicular e tsoang mokhoeng

Banyalani ba phetseng hantle ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 30 ba etsang thobalano khafetsa ba tla ba le monyetla o ka bang 20% ​​ka khoeli oa ho ima khoeli le khoeli.

Mosali o na le mobu o nonneng haholo lilemong tsa hae tsa bo-20. Monyetla oa hore mosali a ka fumana marotholi a bokhachane haholo kamora ho ba lilemo li 35 (haholoholo kamora lilemo tse 40). Lilemo tsa pelehi li qala ho fokotseha li fapana ho ea ka mosali.

Mathata a ho hloka thari le sekhahla sa ho senyeheloa ke mpa li eketseha haholo kamora ho ba le lilemo tse 35. Hona joale ho na le likhetho tsa ho khutlisa mahe kapele le ho li boloka bakeng sa basali ba lilemong tsa bo-20. Sena se tla thusa ho netefatsa bokhachane bo atlehileng haeba ho ba le bana ho lieha ho fihlela kamora lilemo tse 35. Ena ke khetho e turang. Leha ho le joalo, basali ba tsebang hore ba tla hloka ho lieha ho ba le bana ba ka ho nahana.

Ho etsa qeto ea hore na o tla phekoloa neng bakeng sa ho hloka thari ho latela lilemo tsa hau. Bafani ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba fana ka maikutlo a hore basali ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 30 ba leka ho ima ba le bang selemo se le seng pele ba hlahlojoa.

Basali ba kaholimo ho lilemo tse 35 ba lokela ho leka ho ima likhoeli tse 6. Haeba e sa etsahale ka nako eo, ba lokela ho bua le mofani oa bona.

Ho etsa liteko tsa ho hloka thari ho kenyelletsa nalane ea bongaka le tlhahlobo ea 'mele bakeng sa balekane ka bobeli.

Liteko tsa mali le litšoantšo li hlokahala hangata. Basali, tsena li ka kenyelletsa:

• Liteko tsa mali ho lekola maemo a lihormone, ho kenyelletsa progesterone le follicle e susumetsang li-hormone (FSH)
• Lisebelisoa tsa ho fumana moroto oa lapeng
• Tekanyo ea mocheso oa 'mele hoseng ho hong le ho hong ho bona hore na mae a bomme a ntša mahe
• Teko ea phephetso ea FSH le clomid
• Teko ea li-hormone tsa Antimullerian (AMH)
• Tlhatlhobo ea Hysterosalpingography (HSG)
• Pelvic ultrasound
• Laparoscopy
• Liteko tsa mosebetsi oa qoqotho

Liteko tsa banna li ka kenyelletsa:

• Teko ea peo ea botona
• Tlhatlhobo ea li-testes le botona
• Ultrasound ea litho tsa botona le botšehali (ka linako tse ling li etsoa)
• Liteko tsa mali ho lekola maemo a lihormone
• Biopsy ea testicular (e etsoang seoelo)

Kalafo e ipapisitse le sesosa sa ho hloka thari. E kanna ea kenyelletsa:

• Thuto le tlhabollo ka boemo bona
• Kalafo ea peo e kang intrauterine insemination (IUI) le in vitro fertilization (IVF)
• Meriana ea ho phekola tšoaetso le mathata a ho koala
• Meriana e thusang kholo le tokollo ea mahe mae a bomme

Banyalani ba ka eketsa menyetla ea ho ima khoeli e ngoe le e ngoe ka ho etsa thobalano bonyane matsatsi a mang le a mang a mabeli pele ho nako le nakong ea ho ruruha.

Ho ruruha ho etsahala libeke tse ka bang 2 pele ho nako ea ho ilela khoeli e latelang. Ka hona, haeba mosali a ea khoeling e 'ngoe le e' ngoe matsatsi a 28 banyalani ba lokela ho etsa thobalano bonyane matsatsi a mang le a mang a mabeli lipakeng tsa letsatsi la 10 le la 18 kamora ho qala khoeli.

Ho etsa thobalano pele ovulation e ba teng ho thusa haholo.

• Peo e ka phela kahare ho mmele oa mosali bonyane matsatsi a 2.
• Leha ho le joalo, lehe la mosali le ka nontšoa feela ke peō ea botona nakong ea lihora tse 12 ho isa ho tse 24 ka mor'a hore le lokolloe.

Basali ba tlase kapa ba nonneng haholo ba ka eketsa menyetla ea bona ea ho ima ka ho ba le boima bo botle ba 'mele.

Batho ba bangata ba fumana ho le molemo ho nka karolo lihlopheng tsa tšehetso bakeng sa batho ba nang le matšoenyeho a tšoanang. O ka kopa mofani oa hau ho khothaletsa lihlopha tsa lehae.

Banyalani ba le mong ho ba bahlano ba fumanoeng ba na le thari qetellong ba ima ntle le kalafo.

Banyalani ba bangata ba nang le thari ba ima nakong ea kalafo.

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u sa khone ho ima.

Ho thibela mafu a likobo, a kang gonorrhea le chlamydia, ho ka fokotsa menyetla ea ho hloka thari.

Ho boloka phepo e nepahetseng, boima ba 'mele le mokhoa oa bophelo ho ka eketsa menyetla ea hau ea ho ima le ho ba le moimana o phetseng hantle.

Ho qoba tšebeliso ea litlolo nakong ea thobalano ho ka thusa ho ntlafatsa tšebetso ea peo.

Ho se khone ho emara; Ha e khone ho ima

• Laparoscopy ea 'mele
• Anatomy ea basali ea ho ikatisa
• Anatomy ea banna ea ho ikatisa
• Ho hloka thari hoa mantlha
• Peo ea botona

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Broekmans FJ, Fauser BCJM. Ho hloka thari ha basali: tlhahlobo le tsamaiso. Ka: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, oa Kretser DM, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Batho ba baholo le bana. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 132.

Catherino WH. Endocrinology ea ho ikatisa le thari. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 223.

Lobo RA. Ho hloka thari: etiology, tekolo ea tlhahlobo ea mafu, taolo ea, ts'oaetso. Ka: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. Kakaretso ea mafu a basali. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 42.

Komiti ea Tloaelo ea Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Meriana ea Ts'oaetso. Tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ea mosali ea sa tsoaleng: maikutlo a komiti. Manyolo A Tala. 2015; 103 (6): e44-e50. PMID: 25936238 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25936238.

Komiti ea Tloaelo ea Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Meriana ea Ts'oaetso. Tekolo ea tlhahlobo ea monna ea sa sebetseng: maikutlo a komiti. Manyolo A Tala. 2015; 103 (3): e18-e25. PMID: 25597249 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25597249.