Ho theha nalane ea bophelo bo botle ba lelapa

Nalane ea bophelo bo botle ba lelapa ke rekoto ea tlhaiso-leseling ea bophelo bo botle ba lelapa. E akaretsa tlhahisoleseding ea hau ea bophelo bo botle le ea nkhono le ntate-moholo oa hao, bo-rakhali le bo-rangoane, batsoali le banab'eno.

Mathata a mangata a bophelo bo botle a atisa ho ba teng malapeng. Ho theha nalane ea lelapa ho ka thusa uena le ba lelapa la hau ho tseba likotsi tse ka bang teng tsa bophelo bo botle hore o tle o nke mehato ea ho li fokotsa.

Lintho tse ngata li ama bophelo ba hau. Tsena li kenyelletsa:

• Liphatsa tsa lefutso
• Mokhoa oa ho ja le oa ho ikoetlisa
• Tikoloho

Litho tsa lelapa li tloaetse ho arolelana boits'oaro bo itseng, litšobotsi tsa lefutso le litloaelo. Ho theha nalane ea lelapa ho ka u thusa ho khetholla likotsi tse tobileng tse amang bophelo ba hau le tsa lelapa la hau.

Mohlala, ho ba le setho sa lelapa se nang le lefu le kang lefu la tsoekere ho ka eketsa menyetla ea ho se fumana. Kotsi e phahame ha:

• Batho ba fetang a le mong ka lapeng ba na le boemo bona
• Setho sa lelapa se hlahisitse boemo bona lilemo tse 10 ho isa ho tse 20 pejana ho batho ba bang ba nang le boemo bona

Maloetse a tebileng joalo ka mafu a pelo, lefu la tsoekere, mofetše le stroke a ka ba malapeng. U ka arolelana tlhaiso-leseling ena le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba hao ea ka fanang ka maikutlo a mekhoa ea ho fokotsa kotsi ea hau.

Bakeng sa nalane e felletseng ea bongaka ea lelapa, o tla hloka leseli la bophelo bo botle ka:

• Batsoali
• Bo-nkhono le bo-ntate-moholo
• Borakgadi le Malome
• Metsoala
• Baralib'eso le barab'eso

U ka kopa tlhaiso-leseling ena lipokanong tsa lelapa kapa likopanong. U kanna ua hloka ho hlalosa:

• Hobaneng o bokella tlhaiso-leseling ena
• E tla u thusa joang le ba bang ka lapeng la hau

U ka ba ua ithaopela ho arolelana seo u se fumanang le litho tse ling tsa lelapa.

Bakeng sa setšoantšo se felletseng sa mong le e mong oa lelapa, fumana:

• Letsatsi la tsoalo kapa lilemo tse hakanyetsoang
• Moo motho a holetse le ho lula teng
• Mekhoa efe kapa efe ea bophelo eo ba ikemiselitseng ho e arolelana, joalo ka ho tsuba kapa ho noa joala
• Maemo a bongaka, maemo a nako e telele (a sa foleng) a kang asma, le maemo a tebileng joalo ka mofets'e
• Nalane efe kapa efe ea bokuli ba kelello
• Lilemo tseo ba ileng ba ntlafatsa boemo ba bona ba bongaka
• Mathata afe kapa afe a ho ithuta kapa kholofalo ea kholo
• Liphoso tsa pelehi
• Mathata ka ho ima kapa pelehi
• Lilemo le sesosa sa lefu bakeng sa beng ka uena ba hlokahetseng
• Lelapa la hau le tsoa naheng efe kapa kae (Ireland, Jeremane, Europe Bochabela, Afrika, joalo-joalo)

Botsa lipotso tse tšoanang ka beng ka uena ba hlokahetseng.

Fana ka nalane ea lelapa la hau le mofani oa hau le mofani oa ngoana oa hau. Mofani oa hau a ka sebelisa tlhaiso-leseling ena ho thusa ho theola kotsi ea maemo a itseng kapa mafu. Mohlala, mofani oa hau a ka khothaletsa liteko tse ling, joalo ka:

• Liteko tsa tlhahlobo ea pele ho nako haeba u le kotsing e kholo ho feta motho ea tloaelehileng
• Liteko tsa lefutso pele o ima ho bona hore na o jere liphatsa tsa lefutso bakeng sa mafu a itseng a sa tloaelehang

Mofani oa hau le eena a ka fana ka maikutlo a liphetoho tsa bophelo ho thusa ho fokotsa kotsi ea hau. Tsena li ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho ja lijo tse matlafatsang le ho ikoetlisa khafetsa
• Ho theola boima ba 'mele
• Ho tlohela ho tsuba
• Ho fokotsa hore na o noa joala bo bokae

Ho ba le nalane ea bophelo bo botle ba lelapa ho ka thusa ho sireletsa bophelo ba ngoana oa hau:

• U ka thusa ngoana oa hau ho ithuta ho ja hantle le ho ikoetlisa. Sena se ka fokotsa menyetla ea mafu a kang lefu la tsoekere.
• Uena le mofani oa ngoana oa hau le ka ela hloko matšoao a qalang a mathata a bophelo bo botle a ka bang teng ka lapeng. Sena se ka u thusa le mofani oa thepa ea hau ho nka bohato ba thibelo.

Motho e mong le e mong a ka rua molemo nalaneng ea lelapa. Theha nalane ea lelapa la hau kapele kamoo u ka khonang. E bohlokoa haholo ha:

• U rera ho ba le ngoana
• U se u ntse u tseba hore boemo bo itseng bo matha ka lapeng
• Uena kapa ngoana oa hau le ba le matšoao a lefu

Nalane ea bophelo ba lelapa; Theha nalane ea bophelo bo botle ba lelapa; Nalane ea bongaka ea lelapa

Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. Nalane ea bophelo ba lelapa: metheo. www.cdc.gov/genomics/famhistory/famhist_basics.htm. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 25 Pulungoana 2020. E fihlile ka la 2 Hlakola 2021.

Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. Nalane ea bophelo bo botle ba lelapa bakeng sa batho ba baholo. www.cdc.gov/genomics/famhistory/famhist_adults.htm. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 24 Pulungoana, 2020. E fihlile ka la 2 Hlakola 2021.

Scott DA, Lee B. Mefuta ea phetisetso ea liphatsa tsa lefutso. Ka: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Buka ea Nelson ea Pediatrics. La 21 Ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 97.

• Nalane ea Lelapa