Tularemia

Tularemia ke tšoaetso ea baktheria ho litoeba tse hlaha. Libaktheria li fetisetsoa ho batho ka ho kopana le lisele tsa phoofolo e nang le tšoaetso. Libaktheria le tsona li ka fetisoa ke liboseleise, lintsintsi tse lomang le menoang.

Tularemia e bakoa ke baktheria Francisella tularensis.

Batho ba ka fumana lefu lena ka:

• Ho longoa ke letšoao le nang le tšoaetso, senakangoeli kapa monoang
• Ho hema litšila kapa limela tse nang le tšoaetso
• Ho ikopanya ka kotloloho, ka ho phatloha letlalong, le phoofolo e tšoaelitsoeng kapa setopo sa eona (hangata mmutla, muskrat, beaver, kapa squirrel)
• Ho ja nama e nang le tšoaetso (ka seoelo)

Boloetse bona bo hlaha haholo Amerika Leboea le likarolong tsa Europe le Asia. United States, lefu lena le fumanoa khafetsa Missouri, South Dakota, Oklahoma le Arkansas. Le ha mafu a ka hlaha United States, ha a fumanehe hangata.

Batho ba bang ba ka ba le pneumonia kamora ho phefumoloha mobu o tšoaelitsoeng kapa thepa ea semela. Ts'oaetso ena e tsebahala hore e etsahetse Martha's Vineyard (Massachusetts), moo libaktheria li leng teng mebutlanyana, li-raccoon le li-skunks.

Matšoao a hlaha matsatsi a 3 ho isa ho a 5 kamora ho pepesetsoa. Hangata bokuli bo qala ka tšohanyetso. E ka tsoela pele ka libeke tse 'maloa kamora hore matšoao a qale.

Matšoao a kenyelletsa:

• Feberu, ho bata, ho fufuleloa
• Ho halefa ha mahlo (conjunctivitis, haeba tšoaetso e qalile ka leihlong)
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho
• Ho satalla ho kopaneng, bohloko ba mesifa
• Sebaka se sefubelu letlalong, se hola ho ba seso (seso)
• Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane
• Ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele

Liteko tsa boemo bona li kenyelletsa:

• Tloaelo ea mali bakeng sa libaktheria
• Teko ea mali e lekanyang karabelo ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung (lithibela-mafu) tšoaetsong (serology for tularemia)
• X-ray sefubeng
• Teko ea Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ea sampole e tsoang seso

Morero oa kalafo ke ho folisa tšoaetso ka lithibela-mafu.

Lithibela-mafu streptomycin le tetracycline li sebelisoa hangata ho phekola tšoaetso ena. Lithibela-mafu tse ling, gentamicin, li lekile e le mokhoa o mong oa streptomycin. Gentamicin e bonahala e sebetsa haholo, empa e ithutiloe ke batho ba fokolang feela hobane sena ke lefu le sa tloaelehang. Lithibela-mafu tetracycline le chloramphenicol li ka sebelisoa u le mong, empa hangata ha se khetho ea pele.

Tularemia e bolaea hoo e ka bang 5% ea linyeoe tse sa alafshoang, le ka tlase ho 1% ea linyeoe tse alafiloeng.

Tularemia e ka lebisa ho mathata ana:

• Tšoaetso ea masapo (osteomyelitis)
• Tšoaetso ea mokotla o potileng pelo (pericarditis)
• Tšoaetso ea lisele tse koahelang boko le mokokotlo oa mokokotlo (meningitis)
• Nyomonea

Bitsa mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba matšoao a hlaha kamora ho longoa ke litoeba, ho longoa ke likhahla kapa ho pepeseha nama ea phoofolo e hlaha.

Mehato ea thibelo e kenyelletsa ho roala litlelafo ha u kuta kapa u apesa liphoofolo tse hlaha, le ho lula hole le liphoofolo tse kulang kapa tse shoeleng.

Feberu ea Deerfly; Feberu ea mmutla; Seoa sa Phula ea Pahvant; Lefu la Ohara; Yato-byo (Japane); Feberu ea Lemming

• Dikgofa tsa dikgama
• Dikgofa
• Tšoaea letlalo ka har'a letlalo
• Masole a mmele
• Baktheria

Penn RL. Francisella tularensis (tularemia). Ka: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, bahlophisi. Mandell, Douglas, le Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Disease, Khatiso e Ntjhafalitsoeng. La 8th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: khaolo ea 229.

Schaffner W. Tularemia le tse ling Francisella tšoaetso. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 311.