Prediabetes

Prediabetes e hlaha ha boemo ba tsoekere (glucose) maling a hao bo phahame haholo, empa ha boa lekana ho ka bitsoa lefu la tsoekere.

Haeba u na le li-prediabetes, u kotsing e kholo ea ho ba le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2 nakong ea lilemo tse 10. E boetse e eketsa kotsi ea lefu la pelo le stroke.

Ho theola boima ba 'mele le ho ikoetlisa khafetsa ho ka emisa li-prediabetes ho ba mofuta oa 2 oa lefu la tsoekere.

'Mele oa hau o fumana matla tsoekere e maling a hau. Hormone e bitsoang insulin e thusa lisele tsa 'mele oa hau ho sebelisa tsoekere. Haeba u na le li-prediabetes, ts'ebetso ena ha e sebetse hantle. Tsoekere e bokellana maling a hao. Haeba maemo a phahama ka ho lekana, ho bolela hore o tsoetse lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2.

Haeba u le kotsing ea lefu la tsoekere, mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla leka tsoekere ea hao ea mali a sebelisa e le 'ngoe kapa tse' maloa tsa liteko tse latelang. E 'ngoe ea liphetho tsa liteko tse latelang e bontša li-prediabetes:

• Ho itima lijo ka tsoekere ea mali ea 100 ho isa ho 125 mg / dL (e bitsoang tsoekere e itima lijo ea ho itima lijo)
• Tsoekere ea mali ea 140 ho isa ho 199 mg / dL lihora tse 2 kamora ho nka ligrama tse 75 tsa tsoekere (e bitsoang mamello ea mamello ea tsoekere)
• Boemo ba A1C ba 5.7% ho isa ho 6.4%

Ho ba le lefu la tsoekere ho eketsa kotsi ea mathata a itseng a bophelo bo botle. Lebaka ke hore maemo a phahameng a tsoekere maling a ka senya methapo ea mali le methapo. Sena se ka lebisa ho lefu la pelo le stroke. Haeba u na le li-prediabetes, tšenyo e kanna ea se e ntse e etsahala methapong ea hau ea mali.

Ho ba le li-prediabetes ke pitso ea ho nka bohato ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba hau.

Mofani oa hau o tla bua le uena ka boemo ba hau le likotsi tsa hau ho tsoa ho li-prediabetes. Ho u thusa ho thibela lefu la tsoekere, mofani oa hau a ka fana ka maikutlo a liphetoho tse itseng tsa bophelo:

• Ja lijo tse phetseng hantle. Sena se kenyelletsa lithollo, liprotheine tse omeletseng, lebese le se nang mafura a mangata, le litholoana le meroho e mengata. Shebella boholo ba likarolo 'me u qobe lipompong le lijo tse halikiloeng.
• Fokotsa boima ba 'mele. Ho theola boima ba 'mele hanyane feela ho ka etsa phapang e kholo bophelong ba hau. Mohlala, mofani oa hau a ka fana ka maikutlo a hore o theola boima ba 'mele oa hau ka 5% ho isa ho 7%. Kahoo, haeba u le boima ba liponto tse 200 (90 kilograms), ho theola 7% sepheo sa hau e ka ba ho theola liponto tse ka bang 14 (6.3 kilograms). Mofani oa hau a ka fana ka tlhahiso ea lijo, kapa o ka kenela lenaneo ho u thusa ho theola boima ba 'mele.
• Fumana boikoetliso bo eketsehileng. Ikemisetsa ho fumana bonyane boikoetliso bo itekanetseng ba metsotso e 30 ho isa ho e 60 bonyane matsatsi a 5 ka beke. Sena se ka kenyelletsa ho tsamaea ka potlako, ho palama baesekele ea hau, kapa ho sesa. U ka arola boikoetliso ka linako tse nyane letsatsi lohle. Tsamaea ka litepisi ho fapana le lifiti. Le ts'ebetso e nyane ea ts'ebetso e balela sepheo sa hau sa beke le beke.
• Nka meriana joalokaha u laetsoe. Mofani oa hau a ka fana ka metformin ho fokotsa monyetla oa hore li-prediabetes tsa hau li tsoele pele ho lefu la tsoekere. Ho ipapisitse le mabaka a mang a kotsi a lefu la pelo, mofani oa hau a ka fana ka litlhare ho theola cholesterol ea mali kapa khatello ea mali.

U ke ke ua tseba hore u na le li-prediabetes hobane ha e na matšoao. Tsela feela ea ho tseba ke ka ho hlahloba mali. Mofani oa hau o tla leka tsoekere ea mali haeba u le kotsing ea lefu la tsoekere. Lisosa tsa kotsi tsa li-prediabetes li tšoana le tsa mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere.

U lokela ho etsa tlhahlobo ea li-prediabetes haeba u le lilemo li 45 kapa ho feta. Haeba o le ka tlase ho lilemo tse 45, o lokela ho etsa liteko haeba o nonne haholo kapa o nonne haholo mme o na le e le 'ngoe kapa tse' maloa tsa mabaka ana a kotsi:

• Teko ea lefu la tsoekere e fetileng e bonts'a kotsi ea lefu la tsoekere
• Motsoali, ngoan'eno, kapa ngoana ea nang le nalane ea lefu la tsoekere
• Ho phela bophelo bo sa sebetseng le ho hloka boikoetliso ba kamehla
• African American, Hispanic / Latin American, American Indian le Alaska Native, Asia American, kapa Sehlekehleke sa Pacific Islander
• Khatello ea mali e phahameng (140/90 mm Hg kapa ho feta)
• Cholesterol e tlaase (e ntle) kapa li-triglycerides tse phahameng
• Nalane ea lefu la pelo
• Nalane ea lefu la tsoekere nakong ea bokhachane
• Maemo a bophelo bo amanang le insulin ho hanyetsa (polycystic ovary syndrome, acanthosis nigricans, botenya bo matla)

Haeba liphetho tsa liteko tsa mali li bontša hore u na le li-prediabetes, mofani oa hau a ka fana ka maikutlo a hore u hlahlojoe hape selemo se seng le se seng. Haeba liphetho tsa hau li tloaelehile, mofani oa hau a ka fana ka maikutlo a hore ba hlahlojoe hape lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 3.

Tšoaetso ea ho itima lijo ka tsoekere - li-prediabetes; Mamello ea tsoekere e nang le bothata - li-prediabetes

• Lisosa tsa kotsi ea lefu la tsoekere

Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa lefu la tsoekere. Litekanyetso tsa tlhokomelo ea bongaka ho lefu la tsoekere - 2020. Tlhokomelo ea lefu la tsoekere. 2019; 43 (Tlatsetso ea 1): S77-S88. tlhokomelo.diabetesjournals.org/content/43/Supplement_1/S77.

Kahn CR, Ferris HA, O'Neill BT. Pathophysiology ea mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere. Ka: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, bahlophisi. Buka ea Williams ea Endocrinology. La bo14 la ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 34.

Siu AL; Sesole sa Ts'ireletso sa US. Ho hlahloba tsoekere e sa tloaelehang ea mali le mofuta oa 2 oa lefu la tsoekere: Setatemente sa khothaletso ea Sesole sa Ts'ireletso ea US. Ann Intern Med. 2015; 163 (11): 861-868. PMID: 26501513 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26501513.

• Prediabetes