Lefu la Parkinson

Lefu la Parkinson le bakoa ke lisele tse itseng tsa boko tse shoang. Lisele tsena li thusa ho laola motsamao le tšebelisano. Lefu lena le lebisa ho sisinyeheng (ho thothomela) le ho ba le bothata ba ho tsamaea le ho sisinyeha.

Lisele tsa methapo li sebelisa k'hemik'hale ea boko e bitsoang dopamine ho thusa ho laola ho sisinyeha ha mesifa. Le lefu la Parkinson, lisele tsa boko tse etsang hore dopamine e shoe butle-butle. Ntle le dopamine, lisele tse laolang motsamao li ke ke tsa romella melaetsa e nepahetseng mesifeng. Sena se etsa hore ho be thata ho laola mesifa. Butle, ha nako e ntse e tsamaea, tšenyo ena e ea mpefala. Ha ho motho ea tsebang hantle hore na hobaneng lisele tsena tsa boko li senyeha.

Lefu la Parkinson hangata le hlaha kamora lilemo tse 50. Ke e 'ngoe ea mathata a tloaelehileng a methapo ea batho ba baholo.

• Lefu lena le atisa ho ama banna ho feta basali, leha basali le bona ba ba le lefu lena. Ka linako tse ling lefu la Parkinson le ba teng malapeng.
• Lefu lena le ka hlaha ho batho ba baholo. Maemong a joalo, hangata ke ka lebaka la liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa motho.
• Lefu la Parkinson ha le fumanehe hangata ho bana.

Matšoao a ka ba bonolo qalong. Mohlala, o kanna oa ba le ho thothomela ho bobebe kapa maikutlo a fokolang a hore leoto le le leng le thata ebile lea hula. Ho thothomela ha mohlahare e bile sesupo sa pele sa lefu la Parkinson. Matšoao a ka ama lehlakore le le leng kapa a mabeli a 'mele.

Matšoao a akaretsang a kenyeletsa:

• Mathata ka ho leka-lekana le ho tsamaea
• Matsoho a thata kapa a thata
• Mahlaba le mesifa ea mesifa
• Khatello ea mali e tlase ha u ema
• Boemo bo emisitsoeng
• Ho sokela
• Ho fufuleloa le ho se khone ho laola mocheso oa 'mele oa hau
• Ho panya butle
• Ho thata ho koenya
• Ho rotha ka metsi
• Puo e liehang, e khutsitseng le lentsoe la monotone
• Ha ho na sefahleho sefahlehong sa hau (joalo ka ha u apere mask)
• Ha re khone ho ngola ka mokhoa o hlakileng kapa mongolo oa letsoho o monyane haholo (micrographia)

Mathata a motsamao a ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho ba thata ho qala ho sisinyeha, joalo ka ho qala ho tsamaea kapa ho tsoa setulong
• Bothata ba ho tsoelapele ho tsamaea
• Ho tsamaea butle
• Tahlehelo ea metsamao e metle ea matsoho (ho ngola ho ka ba nyane mme ho ba thata ho bala)
• Ho thata ho ja

Matšoao a ho thothomela (ho thothomela):

• Hangata ho etsahala ha maoto le matsoho a hau a sa sisinyehe. Sena se bitsoa ho thothomela hoa phomolo.
• Etsahala ha letsoho kapa leoto la hau le otlolohile.
• Tsamaea ha u falla.
• E kanna ea ba mpe le ho feta ha o khathetse, o thabile kapa o imetsoe kelellong.
• E ka etsa hore u pikitle monoana le letsoho le le leng ntle le moelelo ho (ho thoe ke ho thothomela ha pilisi).
• Qetellong e kanna ea hlaha hloohong, molomong, lelemeng le maotong.

Matšoao a mang a kenyeletsa:

• Matšoenyeho, khatello ea maikutlo le tsitsipano
• Pherekano
• Dementia ea kelello
• Ho tepella maikutlo
• Ho akheha
• Ho lahleheloa ke mohopolo

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka tseba ho fumana lefu la Parkinson ho latela matšoao a hau le tlhahlobo ea 'mele. Empa ho ka ba thata ho tšoaea matšoao, haholo-holo ho batho ba baholo. Matšoao a ba bonolo ho lemoha ha bokuli bo ntse bo mpefala.

Tlhahlobo e ka bontša:

• Ho ba thata ho qala kapa ho qeta motsamao
• Jerky, motsamao o thata
• Ho lahleheloa ke mesifa
• Ho thothomela (ho thothomela)
• Liphetoho ho sekhahla sa pelo ea hau
• Maikutlo a tloaelehileng a mesifa

Mofani oa hau a ka etsa liteko ho laola maemo a mang a ka bakang matšoao a tšoanang.

Ha ho na pheko bakeng sa lefu la Parkinson, empa kalafo e ka thusa ho laola matšoao a hau.

MORIANA

Mofani oa hau o tla fana ka meriana ho thusa ho laola matšoao a hau a ho sisinyeha le ho sisinyeha.

Ka linako tse ling motšehare, moriana o ka 'na oa tepella' me matšoao a ka khutla. Haeba sena se etsahala, mofani oa hau a ka hloka ho fetola tse ling tsa tse latelang:

• Mofuta oa moriana
• Tekanyo
• Nako ea nako lipakeng tsa litekanyetso
• Tsela eo u noang moriana ka eona

U kanna ua hloka ho noa meriana ho thusa ka:

• Mathata a maikutlo le a ho nahana
• Ho phomola ha bohloko
• Mathata a boroko
• Ho monya metsi (chefo ea botulinum hangata ho sebelisoa)

Meriana ea Parkinson e ka baka litla-morao tse matla, ho kenyelletsa:

• Pherekano
• Ho bona kapa ho utloa lintho tse sieo (hallucinations)
• Ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho hlatsa kapa letshollo
• Ho utloa hlooho kapa ho akheha
• Boitšoaro boo ho leng thata ho bo laola, joalo ka papali ea chelete
• Delirium

Bolella mofani oa hau hang-hang haeba u na le litla-morao tsena. Le ka mohla u se ke ua fetola kapa ua emisa ho noa meriana efe kapa efe u sa bua le mofani oa thepa ea hau. Ho emisa meriana e meng ea lefu la Parkinson ho ka lebisa karabong e matla. Sebetsa le mofani oa hau ho fumana leano la kalafo le u sebeletsang.

Ha lefu lena le ntse le mpefala, matšoao a kang ho ema ka maoto, ho sisinyeha ha serame le mathata a ho bua a kanna a se arabele meriana.

HO SEBETSA

Ho buoa e kanna ea ba khetho bakeng sa batho ba bang. Ho buoa ha ho phekole lefu la Parkinson, empa ho ka thusa ho kokobetsa matšoao. Mefuta ea ho buoa e kenyelletsa:

• Tšusumetso e tebileng ea boko - Sena se kenyelletsa ho beha li-stimulator tsa motlakase libakeng tsa boko tse laolang motsamao.
• Ho buoa ho senya lisele tsa boko tse bakang matšoao a Parkinson.
• Ho kenyelletsa sisteme ea stem le lits'ebetso tse ling ho ntse ho ithutoa.

BOPHELO

Liphetoho tse ling tsa bophelo li ka u thusa ho sebetsana ka katleho le lefu la Parkinson:

• Lula u phetse hantle ka ho ja lijo tse matlafatsang 'me u se ke ua tsuba.
• Etsa liphetoho ho seo u se jang kapa seo u se noang haeba u na le mathata a ho koenya.
• Sebelisa kalafo ea puo ho u thusa ho tloaela liphetoho tseo u li etsang ha u koenya le ha u bua.
• Lula u le mafolofolo ka hohle kamoo u ka khonang ha u ikutloa u phetse hantle. O SE KE UA e fetelletsa ha matla a hau a le tlase.
• Phomola ha ho hlokahala motšehare 'me u qobe khatello ea maikutlo.
• Sebelisa kalafo ea 'mele le kalafo ea mosebetsing ho u thusa ho lula u ikemetse le ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho oa.
• Beha li-handrails ho pholletsa le ntlo ea hau ho thusa ho thibela ho oa. Li behe ka likamoreng tsa ho hlapela le litepising.
• Sebelisa lisebelisoa tse thusang, ha ho hlokahala, ho etsa hore motsamao o be bonolo. Lisebelisoa tsena li ka kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa ho ja, litulo tsa likooa, lilifiti tsa libethe, litulo tsa ho hlapa le li-walkers.
• Bua le mosebeletsi oa sechaba kapa litšebeletso tse ling tsa tlhabollo ho thusa uena le ba lelapa la hau ho sebetsana le bothata bona. Litšebeletso tsena li ka u thusa ho fumana thuso e tsoang kantle, joalo ka Meals on Wheels.

Lihlopha tsa ts'ehetso ea lefu la Parkinson li ka u thusa ho sebetsana ka katleho le liphetoho tse bakoang ke lefu lena. Ho arolelana le ba bang ba nang le liphihlelo tse tšoanang ho ka u thusa hore u ikutloe u le mong.

Meriana e ka thusa batho ba bangata ba nang le lefu la Parkinson. Moriana o imolla matšoao a hae hantle hakae le hore na a kokobetsa matšoao a nako e kae ho ka fapana ho motho ka mong.

Boloetse bona bo mpefala ho fihlela motho a holofetse ka botlalo, leha ho batho ba bang, sena se ka nka mashome a lilemo. Lefu la Parkinson le ka lebisa ho fokotseheng ha tšebetso ea boko le lefu la pele. Meriana e ka lelefatsa tšebetso le boikemelo.

Lefu la Parkinson le ka baka mathata a joalo ka:

• Ho thata ho etsa mesebetsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi
• Bothata ba ho koenya kapa ho ja
• Bokooa (bo fapana ho ea ka batho)
• Likotsi tsa ho oa
• Pneumonia ka ho hema mathe kapa ke ho bipetsoa ke lijo
• Litla-morao tsa meriana

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba:

• U na le matšoao a lefu la Parkinson
• Matšoao a mpefala
• Matšoao a macha a hlaha

Haeba u nka meriana ea lefu la Parkinson, bolella mofani oa hau ka litla-morao, tse ka kenyelletsang:

• Liphetoho ho tlhokomeliso, boits'oaro kapa maikutlo
• Boitšoaro ba bolotsana
• Botsoa
• Litlelase
• Mekhatlo ea boithatelo
• Ho lahleheloa ke mesebetsi ea kelello
• Ho nyekeloa le ho hlatsa
• Pherekano e matla kapa ho ferekana maikutlo

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba boemo bo mpefala mme tlhokomelo ea lapeng e se e sa khonehe.

Ho holofala ha li-agitans; Ho tsitsinyeha sethoathoa

• Ho ja likhalori tse eketsehileng ha u kula - batho ba baholo
• Ho metsa mathata

• Substantia nigra le lefu la Parkinson
• Sisteme ea methapo e bohareng le methapo ea methapo

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Fox SH, Katzenschlager R, Lim SY, le al; Komiti ea Bongaka e Ikemetseng ea Bopaki ba Movement. Tlhahlobo ea meriana e thehiloeng bopaking ba Mokhatlo oa Parkinson le Movement Disorder Society: ntjhafatso ea kalafo bakeng sa matšoao a makoloi a lefu la Parkinson. Moferefere oa Mov. 2018; 33 (8): 1248-1266. PMID: 29570866 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29570866/.

Lefu la Jankovic J. Parkinson le mathata a mang a motsamao. Ka: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, bahlophisi. Neurology ea Bradley ho Tloaelo ea Bongaka. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 96.

Okun MS, Lang AE. Parkinsonism. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 381.

Radder DLM, Sturkenboom IH, van Nimwegen M, le al. Phekolo ea 'mele le kalafo ea mosebetsing mosebetsing oa Parkinson. Int J Neurosci. 2017; 127 (10): 930-943. PMID: 28007002 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28007002/.