Sengoli: Marcus Baldwin
Letsatsi La Creation: 15 Phuptjane 2021
Ntlafatsa Letsatsi: 16 November 2024
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Phokolo ea mali ea hemolytic - Moriana
Phokolo ea mali ea hemolytic - Moriana

Phokolo ea mali ke boemo boo 'mele o se nang lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tse phetseng hantle. Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li fana ka oksijene lithong tsa 'mele.

Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li nka matsatsi a ka bang 120 pele 'mele o li tlosa. Haemolytic anemia, lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li senyeha pejana ho tloaelehileng.

Phokolo ea mali ea hemolytic immune e hlaha ha masole a 'mele a ipopa khahlanong le lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tsa' mele ebe aa li senya. Sena se etsahala hobane boits'ireletso ba mmele bo amohela ka phoso lisele tsena tsa mali e le kantle ho naha.

Lisosa tse ka bang teng li kenyelletsa:

  • Lik'hemik'hale tse ling, lithethefatsi le chefo
  • Tšoaetso
  • Ho tšeloa mali ho tsoa ho mofani ka mofuta oa mali o sa lumellaneng
  • Mefuta e meng ea mofetše

Ha li-antibodies li theha khahlanong le lisele tse khubelu tsa mali ntle ho lebaka, boemo boo bo bitsoa idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

Masole a mmele le ona a ka bakwa ke:

  • Phokotso ea lefu le leng
  • Litšelo tsa mali tse fetileng
  • Bokhachane (haeba mofuta oa mali oa ngoana o fapane le oa mme)

Lisosa tsa kotsi li amana le lisosa.


Mohlomong ha u na matšoao haeba phokolo ea mali e le bonolo. Haeba bothata bo hlaha butle, matšoao a ka hlahang pele a kenyelletsa:

  • Ho ikutloa o fokola kapa o khathetse hangata ho feta tloaelo, kapa ka ho ikoetlisa
  • Ho tšoaroa ke hlooho
  • Mathata a ho tsepamisa mohopolo kapa ho nahana

Haeba phokolo ea mali e mpefala, matšoao a ka kenyelletsa:

  • Hlooho e bobebe ha u ema
  • 'Mala oa letlalo o moputsoa (pallor)
  • Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane
  • Leleme le bohloko

U kanna ua hloka liteko tse latelang:

  • Palo ea "reticulocyte" ka botlalo
  • Teko ea Coombs e tobileng kapa e sa tobang
  • Hemoglobin ka morong
  • LDH (boemo ba enzyme ena bo phahama ka lebaka la tšenyo ea lisele)
  • Palo e khubelu ea lisele tsa mali (RBC), hemoglobin le hematocrit
  • Boemo ba serum bilirubin
  • Haemoglobin ea mahala ea Serum
  • Serum haptoglobin
  • Teko ea Donath-Landsteiner
  • Cold agglutinins
  • Haemoglobin ea mahala serum kapa moroto
  • Hemosiderin ka morong
  • Palo ea liplatelete
  • Protheine electrophoresis - serum
  • Pyruvate kinase
  • Boemo ba serum haptoglobin
  • Moroto le mantle urobilinogen

Kalafo ea pele e lekiloeng hangata ke moriana oa steroid, joalo ka prednisone. Haeba moriana oa steroid o sa ntlafatse boemo bona, ho ka nahanoa kalafo ka intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) kapa ho tlosoa ha spleen (splenectomy).


U ka fumana kalafo ho hatella sesole sa hau sa 'mele haeba u sa arabe li-steroid. Ho sebelisitsoe lithethefatsi tse kang azathioprine (Imuran), cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), le rituximab (Rituxan).

Litšelo tsa mali li fanoa ka hloko, hobane mali a kanna a se lumellane mme a ka baka tšenyo e ngata ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.

Lefu lena le ka qala kapele mme la ba kotsi haholo, kapa le ka lula le le bobebe mme le sa hloke kalafo e khethehileng.

Ho batho ba bangata, li-steroids kapa splenectomy li ka laola phokolo ea mali ka botlalo kapa ka mokhoa o itseng.

Phokolo ea mali e matla ke ka seoelo e lebisang lefung. Tšoaetso e matla e ka hlaha e le bothata ba kalafo ka li-steroid, meriana e meng e hatellang sesole sa 'mele, kapa splenectomy. Litlhare tsena li senya matla a mmele a ho loants'a ts'oaetso.

Bitsa mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u na le mokhathala o sa hlaloseheng kapa bohloko ba sefuba, kapa matšoao a tšoaetso.

Ho hlahloba li-antibodies maling a fanoeng le ho moamoheli ho ka thibela phokolo ea mali ea hemolytic e amanang le litšelo tsa mali.


Khaello ea mali - hemolytic immune; Ho iketsetsa mali ha hemolytic anemia (AIHA)

  • Masole a mmele

Michel M. Autoimmune le li-intravascular hemolytic anemias. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 151.

Michel M, Jäger U. Ho ipolaea ha hemolytic anemia. Ka: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Melao-motheo le Tloaelo ea Motheo. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 46.

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