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Lefu la reflux la gastroesophageal (GERD) ke boemo boo ka hare ho mpa ho lutlang morao ho tloha ka mpeng ho ea ho 'metso (pipe ea lijo). Lijo li tsoa molomong oa hao ho ea mpeng ka mpeng. GERD e ka halefisa phala ea lijo mme ea baka ts'oaetso le matšoao a mang.

Ha u ja, lijo li feta molaleng ho ea mpeng. Lesale la likhoele tsa mesifa ka mpeng e ka tlase le thibela lijo tse metsitsoeng ho khutlela morao. Likhoele tsena tsa mesifa li bitsoa tlaase esophageal sphincter (LES).

Ha lesale lena la mesifa le sa koalehe hohle, likahare tsa ka mpeng li ka lutla hape ka mpeng. Sena se bitsoa reflux kapa gastroesophageal reflux. Reflux e ka baka matšoao. Lik'hemik'hale tse bohloko tsa mpa li ka senya lera la 'metso.

Lisosa tsa kotsi tsa reflux li kenyelletsa:

  • Ts'ebeliso ea joala (mohlomong)
  • Hiatal hernia (boemo boo karolo ea mpa e tsamaeang ka holim'a diaphragm, e leng mesifa e arohanyang sefuba le mpa ea mpa)
  • Botenya
  • Boimana
  • Scleroderma
  • Ho tsuba
  • Ho sekama ka hare ho lihora tse 3 kamora ho ja

Ho chesoa ke pelo le "reflux" ea "gastroesophageal" li ka tlisoa kapa tsa mpefatsoa ke ho ima. Matšoao a ka boela a bakoa ke meriana e itseng, e kang:


  • Anticholinergics (mohlala, moriana oa bokuli ba leoatle)
  • Bronchodilators bakeng sa asma
  • Li-calcium channel blockers tsa khatello e phahameng ea mali
  • Lithethefatsi tse sebetsang ka dopamine bakeng sa lefu la Parkinson
  • Progestin bakeng sa mali a sa tloaelehang a ho ilela khoeli kapa thibelo ea bokhachane
  • Mekhoa ea ho hlobaela kapa ho tšoenyeha
  • Tricyclic ho imeloa kelellong

Bua le mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u nahana hore e 'ngoe ea meriana ea hau e kanna ea baka ts'oaetso. Le ka mohla u se ke ua fetola kapa ua emisa ho noa moriana u sa bua le mofani oa hau oa litšebeletso pele.

Matšoao a tloaelehileng a GERD a kenyelletsa:

  • Ho utloa eka lijo li khomaretse ka mora lesapo la sefuba
  • Ho hema kapa bohloko bo tukang sefubeng
  • Ho nyekeloa ke pelo ka mor'a ho ja

Matšoao a sa tloaelehang ke:

  • Ho khutlisa lijo (ho nchafatsa)
  • Khohlela kapa ho hemesela
  • Ho thata ho koenya
  • Litšitiso
  • Ho honotha kapa ho fetoha ka lentsoe
  • Metso o bohloko

Matšoao a ka mpefala ha o khumama kapa o paqame, kapa kamora ho ja. Matšoao le ona a ka mpefala bosiu.


Mohlomong ha o hloke liteko leha e le life haeba matšoao a hau a le bonolo.

Haeba matšoao a hau a le matla kapa a khutla kamora ho phekoloa, ngaka ea hau e kanna ea etsa tlhahlobo e bitsoang endoscopy e holimo (EGD).

  • Ena ke teko ea ho hlahloba lera la 'metso, mpa le karolo ea pele ea mala a manyane.
  • E etsoa ka kh'amera e nyane (endoscope e tenyetsehang) e kenngoang molaleng.

U kanna ua hloka e le ngoe kapa tse 'maloa tsa liteko tse latelang:

  • Teko e lekanyang hore na asiti ea mpa e kena hangata hakae ka har'a tube e tsoang molomong ho ea ka mpeng (e bitsoang 'metso)
  • Teko ea ho metha khatello kahare ho karolo e ka tlase ea 'metso (esophageal manometry)

Teko e ntle ea mali ea boloi ea setuloana e kanna ea fumana hore na ho tsoa mali ho tsoa ho teneha mpeng, mala kapa mala.

U ka etsa liphetoho tse ngata bophelong ho thusa ho alafa matšoao a hau.

Malebela a mang a kenyelletsa:

  • Haeba o nonne kapa o nonne haholo, maemong a mangata, ho theola boima ba 'mele ho ka thusa.
  • Phahamisa hlooho ea bethe haeba matšoao a hao a mpefala bosiu.
  • E-ja lijo tsa mantsiboea lihora tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo pele u robala.
  • Qoba lithethefatsi tse kang aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), kapa naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn). Nka acetaminophen (Tylenol) ho imolla bohloko.
  • Nka meriana eohle ea hau ka metsi a mangata. Ha mofani oa hau au fa moriana o mocha, botsa hore na o tla mpefatsa bohloko ba hao.

U ka sebelisa li-antacids tse rekisoang ka mor'a ho ja le pele u robala, leha phomolo e kanna ea se tšoarelle haholo. Litla-morao tse tloaelehileng tsa li-antacids li kenyelletsa letšollo kapa ho sokela.


Meriana e meng e rekisoang ka holimo le holimo e ka phekola GERD. Li sebetsa butle ho feta li-antacids, empa li u fa phomolo e telele. Setsebi sa hau sa meriana, ngaka kapa mooki a ka u joetsa hore na u ka noa meriana ena joang.

  • Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) e fokotsa bongata ba asiti e hlahisoang ka mpeng.
  • Li-block tsa H2 li boetse li theola bongata ba asiti e tsoang ka mpeng.

Ho buuoa ka anti-reflux e kanna ea ba khetho bakeng sa batho bao matšoao a bona a sa tloheng ka liphetoho tsa bophelo le meriana. Ho hema le matšoao a mang a lokela ho ntlafala kamora ho buuoa. Empa ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore u noe meriana bakeng sa ho opeloa ke pelo.

Hape ho na le liphekolo tse ncha tsa reflux tse ka etsoang ka endoscope (tube e tenyetsehang e fetisetsoang ka hanong ka mpeng).

Batho ba bangata ba arabela liphetoho tsa bophelo le meriana. Leha ho le joalo, batho ba bangata ba hloka ho tsoelapele ho noa meriana ho laola matšoao a bona.

Mathata a ka kenyelletsa:

  • Ho mpefala ha asma
  • Phetoho ea lera la 'metso e ka eketsang kotsi ea mofets'e (Barrett esophagus)
  • Bronchospasm (ho teneha le ho hlohlona ha lifofane ka lebaka la asiti)
  • Khohlela ea nako e telele (e sa foleng) kapa ho rora
  • Mathata a meno
  • Liso ka mpeng
  • Ho tiea (ho fokotseha ha 'metso ka lebaka la ho fereha)

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba matšoao a sa ntlafatse ka liphetoho tsa bophelo kapa meriana.

Letsetsa hape haeba u na le:

  • Ho tsoa mali
  • Ho bipetsa (ho khohlela, ho hema nakoana)
  • Ho ikutloa u khora kapele ha u ja
  • Ho hlatsa khafetsa
  • Ho thothofala
  • Ho felloa ke takatso ea lijo
  • Bothata ba ho metsa (dysphagia) kapa bohloko ka ho metsa (odynophagia)
  • Ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele
  • Ho ikutloa eka lijo kapa lipilisi li ntse li le teng ka mora lesapo la letsoele

Ho qoba lisosa tse bakang lesokolla ho ka thusa ho thibela matšoao. Botenya bo amana le GERD. Ho boloka boima ba 'mele bo phetse hantle ho ka thusa ho thibela boemo boo.

Lefu la mokokotlo; Reflux esophagitis; GERD; Lesokolla - sa foleng; Dyspepsia - GERD

  • Ho buuoa ka anti-reflux - bana - ho tsoa
  • Ho buuoa ka anti-reflux - ho tsoa
  • Reflux ea gastroesophageal - ho tsoa
  • Ho hema - seo u lokelang ho se botsa ngaka ea hau
  • Ho noa li-antacids
  • Tsamaiso ea ho sila lijo
  • Lefu la reflux la gastroesophageal
  • Reflux ea gastroesophageal - letoto la lihlooho tse

Abdul-Hussein M, Castell ETSA. Lefu la reflux la gastroesophageal (GERD). Ka: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Phekolo ea Hajoale ea Conn ea 2020. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier 2020: 219-222.

Komiti ea Litekanyetso ea ASGE, Muthusamy VR, Lightdale JR, et al. Karolo ea endoscopy taolong ea GERD. Gastrointest Endosc. 2015; 81 (6): 1305-1310. PMID: 25863867 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25863867.

Falk GW, Katzka DA. Maloetse a 'metso. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 129.

Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF. Litaelo tsa tlhahlobo le taolo ea lefu la reflux la gastroesophageal. Ke J Gastroenterol. 2013; 108 (3): 308-328. PMID: 23419381 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23419381.

Setsi sa Naha sa lefu la tsoekere le sebaka sa marang-rang sa Maloetse a Phepo le Liphio. Reflux ea acid (GER & GERD) ho batho ba baholo. www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/acid-reflux-ger-gerd-adults/all-content. E ntlafalitsoe ka Pulungoana 2015. E fihlile ka la 26 Hlakola 2020.

Richter JE, Friedenberg FK. Lefu la reflux la gastroesophageal. Ka: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, bahlophisi. Sleisenger le Fordtran's Mpeng le Mafu a Sebete. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 44.

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