Kalafo ea ho folisa mofetše oa mala

Litaba

• 1. Ho buoa
• 2. Radiotherapy
• 3. Chemotherapy
• 4. Phekolo ea 'mele

Kalafo ea mofetše oa mala e etsoa ho latela sethaleng le ho tiea ha lefu lena, sebaka, boholo le litšobotsi tsa hlahala, mme ho ka bonts'oa opereishene, chemotherapy, radiotherapy kapa immunotherapy.

Kankere ea mala e ea phekoleha ha tšoaetso e etsoa maemong a pele a lefu lena mme kalafo e qalisoa nakoana kamora moo, kaha ho bonolo ho qoba metastasis le ho laola nts'etsopele ea hlahala. Leha ho le joalo, ha mofetše o tsejoa maemong a morao, ho ba thata le ho feta ho folisa, leha kalafo e etsoa ho latela likeletso tsa bongaka.

1. Ho buoa

Ho buoa hangata ke kalafo ea khetho bakeng sa mofetše oa mala mme hangata ho kenyelletsa ho tlosa karolo e amehileng ea mala le karolo e nyane ea mala a phetseng hantle ho netefatsa hore ha ho na lisele tsa mofetše tse teng.

Ha tlhahlobo e etsoa maemong a pele, opereishene e ka etsoa feela ka ho tlosa karolo e nyane ea mala, leha ho le joalo ha tlhahlobo e etsoa ka mekhahlelo e tsoetseng pele ho feta, ho kanna ha hlokahala hore motho eo a ee chemo kapa radiotherapy ho fokotsa boholo ba hlahala.me ho a khonahala ho etsa opereishene. Bona kamoo ho buuoa ka kankere ea mala ho etsoang.

Ho hlaphoheloa kamora 'opereishene ea mofets'e ho nka nako mme nakong ea kamora' ts'ebetso motho a ka utloa bohloko, mokhathala, bofokoli, ho sokela kapa lets'ollo le boteng ba mali setulong, ho bohlokoa ho tsebisa ngaka haeba matšoao ana a phehella.

Kamora 'opereishene, ngaka e ka khothaletsa ts'ebeliso ea litlhare tsa bohloko kapa lithibela-mafu ho khothaletsa ho hlaphoheloa le ho fokotsa matšoao a ka hlahang kamora ho buuoa, ntle le lithibela-mafu ho thibela tšoaetso. Ntle le moo, ho latela boholo ba mofetše, ngaka e ka khothaletsa chemo kapa kalafo ea radiation.

2. Radiotherapy

Radiotherapy e ka bontšoa ho fokotsa boholo ba hlahala, ha e khothaletsoa pele e etsoa opereishene. Ntle le moo, e ka bonts'oa hape ho laola matšoao le ho thibela nts'etsopele ea hlahala. Kahoo, radiotherapy e ka sebelisoa ka mekhoa e fapaneng:

• Ka ntle: radiation e tsoa mochining, e hlokang hore mokuli a ee sepetlele ho ea kalafo, matsatsi a 'maloa ka beke, ho latela sesupo.
• Ka hare: radiation e tsoa ho kentsoeng lintho tse nang le mahlaseli a kotsi tse behiloeng pela hlahala, mme ho latela mofuta, mokuli o tlameha ho lula sepetlele matsatsi a 'maloa bakeng sa kalafo.

Litla-morao tsa kalafo ea radiation hangata ha li mabifi ho feta tsa chemotherapy, empa li kenyelletsa ho teneha ha letlalo sebakeng se alafiloeng, ho nyekeloa ke pelo, mokhathala le ho teneha kahare le senya. Litholoana tsena li lula li fokotseha qetellong ea kalafo, empa ho teneha ha 'mala le senya ho ka phehella likhoeli.

3. Chemotherapy

Joalo ka radiotherapy, chemotherapy e ka sebelisoa pele ho ts'ebetso ea opereishene ho fokotsa boholo ba hlahala kapa e le mokhoa oa ho laola matšoao le kholo ea hlahala, leha ho le joalo kalafo ena e ka etsoa kamora ho buuoa molemong oa ho felisa lisele tse hlahisang likokoana-hloko tse sa tlosoang ka botlalo.

Kahoo, mefuta ea mantlha ea chemotherapy e sebelisitsoeng mofetseng oa mala e ka ba:

• Adjuvant: e etsoa kamora ho buuoa ho senya lisele tsa mofets'e tse sa tlosoang ho buoeng;
• Neoadjuvant: e sebelisitsoeng pele ho ts'ebetso ho fokotsa hlahala le ho thusa ho e tlosa;
• Bakeng sa mofetše o tsoetseng pele: o ne o tloaetse ho fokotsa boholo ba hlahala le ho imolla matšoao a bakoang ke metastases.

Mehlala e meng ea meriana e sebelisitsoeng chemotherapy ke Capecitabine, 5-FU le Irinotecan, e ka tsamaisoang ka ente kapa ka foromo. Litla-morao tsa chemotherapy e ka ba ho lahleheloa ke moriri, ho hlatsa, ho lahleheloa ke takatso ea lijo le letshollo le iphetang.

4. Phekolo ea 'mele

Immunotherapy e sebelisa li-antibodies tse kenngoeng 'meleng ho khetholla le ho hlasela lisele tsa mofetše, ho thibela kholo ea hlahala le menyetla ea metastasis. Meriana ena ha e ame lisele tse tloaelehileng, ka hona e fokotsa litlamorao. Meriana e sebelisoang haholo ho immunotherapy ke Bevacizumab, Cetuximab kapa Panitumumab.

Litla-morao tsa immunotherapy kalafong ea mofetše oa mala e ka ba ho phatloha, ho opeloa ke mpa, letshollo, ho tsoa mali, kutloisiso ho mathata a khanya kapa a ho hema.